The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

Especies de Thysanoptera en una localidad del Cerro de la Muerte en Costa Rica, Centro Am\ue9rica

El estudio se llevó a cabo de Julio 2010 a Octubre 2013 en 10 hectáreas localizadas en el Cerro de la Muerte, Costa Rica, Centroamérica. Se tomaron muestras mensuales por el método de golpeo de la vegetación en 22 especies de plantas, de las cuales sólo en 18 se obtuvieron thrips. Se recolectaron 14 especies de Thysanoptera, de las cuales 8 fueron de Terebrantia y 6 de Tubulifera. La especie que más se recolectó fue Liothrips sp. (24,4%) y la asociada a un mayor número de plantas, Leptothrips astutus. El género de mayor incidencia fue Frankliniella, con cuatro especies. Se incluyen notas biológicas de las especies recolectadas.El estudio se llevó a cabo de Julio 2010 a Octubre 2013 en 10 hectáreas localizadas en el Cerro de la Muerte, Costa Rica, Centroamérica. Se tomaron muestras mensuales por el método de golpeo de la vegetación en 22 especies de plantas, de las cuales sólo en 18 se obtuvieron thrips. Se recolectaron 14 especies de Thysanoptera, de las cuales 8 fueron de Terebrantia y 6 de Tubulifera. La especie que más se recolectó fue Liothrips sp. (24,4%) y la asociada a un mayor número de plantas, Leptothrips astutus. El género de mayor incidencia fue Frankliniella, con cuatro especies. Se incluyen notas biológicas de las especies recolectadas

Filogenia del genero Neotropical Zeugmatothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)

Volume: 65Start Page: 119End Page: 12

Dos especies nuevas y nuevos registros de los g\ue9neros Maxillata y Anactinothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)

Two new species of Phlaeothripidae are described for the genus Maxillata and Anactinothriops. The species allani can be distinguished by the position of the stylets and the antennal coloration. On the other hand, the species davidi is characteristic by the length of the mid-dorsal setae on the head and the coloration of the antennal segments. This is the first record of both genus in Costa Rica.Dos especies nuevas de Phlaeothripidae son descritas para los géneros Maxillata y Anactinothrips. La especie allani se puede distinguir por la posición de los estiletes y la coloración de la antena. Por otro lado, la especie davidi se caracteriza por la longitud de las setas dorsales medias de la cabeza y la coloración de los segmentos antenales. Este es el primer informe de ambos géneros para Costa Rica