Receptor-mediated transport of IgG

The intestinal epithelium of the neonatal rat is a model system for the study of receptor-mediated endocytosis in which large amounts of IgG are transferred intact across polarized cells. This review summarizes the ultrastructural pathway followed by IgG during cellular transit and several important properties of the membrane receptor that recognizes the IgG

A Systematic Review and Development of Best Practice in the Usage of Video Recording During Debriefing of Simulation with Undergraduate Nursing Students

The purpose of this evidence based project was to evaluate current literature and synthesize the best practice guidelines for debriefing and video-assisted debriefing (VAD) as it relates to simulation-based learning for undergraduate nursing students. Presently, high fidelity patient simulators (HFPS) and various debriefing techniques are used in many different occupational fields. Facilitator led verbal debriefing is a standard practice in nursing schools following a simulation to guide student reflection and learning. Newer technology, however, is now allowing for video-recording and annotation of simulations for enhanced debriefing sessions and can be used for immediate review. Some evidence-based guidelines exist for standard debriefing; however, there is limited research for both VAD and the facilitator’s role. This project provides an operational definition which promotes assimilation into real-world practice by explaining the attributes of VAD: reflection, feedback, self-efficacy, and behavioral identification. Guidelines focus on tools for the facilitator to lead a VAD session. The Kolb Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) and framework was used for this project (Kolb, 1984)

Gestion durable du paysage : les leçons que les nouveaux parcs naturels régionaux doivent tirer de l'expérience des anciennes corporations

The landscape is increasingly perceived as a resource. For this reason, it is necessary to find legal, political and economic instruments that will succeed in managing this “resource landscape” in the long term. The Swiss government recently introduced the instrument of regional nature parks into the legislation governing nature and landscape preservation; the proposed parks are organized on the basis of the French model. The examination of the new parks from the perspective of much older management structures, i.e. the civic municipalities (bourgeoisies) and corporations, makes it possible to demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of each of these instruments in their contribution to the resolution of use rivalries between actors who use or influence the resource landscape. This comparison also enables the formulation of practical recommendations regarding the management of this resource

Ökologischer Landbau in Deutschland: Ein aktuelles Stimmungsbild aus der Praxis

In order explore the past development, the current situation and the future prospects of organic farming in Germany from a farm , a nationwide survey has been carried out. In total, 218 organic farms from all over Germany who participated in a comprehensive status quo analysis of organic farming in the year 2002/2003 were asked to participate in a follow-up survey fourteen years later. 92 organic farms agreed to do so. Most of them assess the current situation positively. Also their current income situation and the general development opportunities in organic farming make them optimistic. Growth opportunities and the assessments of the lease market however are described in a rather negative light. The evaluation of the vocational training in organic farming is seen as inadequate and illustrates a need for action at this point

Enhanced magnetization of ultrathin NiFe2_2O4_4 films on SrTiO3_3(001) related to cation disorder and anomalous strain

NiFe$_2$O$_4$ thin films with varying thickness were grown on SrTiO$_3$(001) by reactive molecular beam epitaxy. Soft and hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements reveal a homogeneous cation distribution throughout the whole film with stoichiometric Ni:Fe ratios of 1:2 independent of the film thickness. Low energy electron diffraction and high resolution (grazing incidence) x-ray diffraction in addition to x-ray reflectivity experiments were conducted to obtain information of the film surface and bulk structure, respectively. For ultrathin films up to 7.3 nm, lateral tensile and vertical compressive strain is observed, contradicting an adaption at the interface of NiFe$_2$O$_4$ film and substrate lattice. The applied strain is accompanied by an increased lateral defect density, which is decaying for relaxed thicker films and attributed to the growth of lateral grains. Determination of cationic site occupancies in the inverse spinel structure by analysis of site sensitive diffraction peaks reveals low tetrahedral occupancies for thin, strained NiFe$_2$O$_4$ films, resulting in partial presence of deficient rock salt like structures. These structures are assumed to be responsible for the enhanced magnetization of up to $\sim$250\% of the NiFe$_2$O$_4$ bulk magnetization as observed by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry for ultrathin films below 7.3 nm thickness.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure

Dendritic flux penetration in Pb films with a periodic array of antidots

We explore the flux-jump regime in type-II Pb thin films with a periodic array of antidots by means of magneto-optical measurements. A direct visualization of the magnetic flux distribution allows to identify a rich morphology of flux penetration patterns. We determine the phase boundary $H^*(T)$ between dendritic penetration at low temperatures and a smooth flux invasion at high temperatures and fields. For the whole range of fields and temperatures studied, guided vortex motion along the principal axes of the square pinning array is clearly observed. In particular, the branching process of the dendrite expansion is fully governed by the underlying pinning topology. A comparative study between macroscopic techniques and direct local visualization shed light onto the puzzling $T-$ and $H-$independent magnetic response observed at low temperatures and fields. Finally, we find that the distribution of avalanche sizes at low temperatures can be described by a power law with exponent $\tau \sim 0.9(1)$