La adaptacion del plan nacional de evaluacion de la calidad de las universidades al contexto de una universidad con estructura matricial de centros y departamentos: el caso de la universidad politecnica de cataluña

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Embodied pollution in Spanish household consumption: a disaggregate analysis

In this paper we apply an environmentally extended input-output model to analyse a specific issue related to the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. The purpose is to study whether the consumption structure ofwealthier households has a positive effect on the reduction of environmental pressures. Combining information from different databases, we analysed the impact of the consumption of Spanish households in 2000 on atmospheric pollution. We considered nine gases: the six greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, HFCs, and PFCs) and three other gases (SO2, NOx, and NH3). We classified households by quintiles of per capita expenditure and equivalent expenditure. We found that there was a positive and very high relationship between the level of expenditure and direct and indirect emissions generated by household consumption; however, the emission intensities tended to decrease with the expenditure level for the various atmospheric pollutants, with the exception of SF6, HFCs and PFCs.input-output analysis, atmospheric pollution, environmental, spain, consumption patterns, kuznets curve

Atmospheric Pollution and Consumption Patterns in Spain: An Input-Output Approach

This paper analyses the relationship between Spanish household consumption patterns and atmospheric pollutant emissions in 2000. Applying an input-output approach we estimate the relative responsibility of different types of households in the emissions of nine different atmospheric pollutants: the six greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, HFCs and PFCs) regulated by the Kyoto protocol and three other gases (SO2, NOx and NH3). We combine input-output tables, national consumer survey statistics and environmental pollution satellite accounts into an environmental extended input-output model. We also analyse the assumptions required in order to apply the model to available data. We find that there is a positive and very high relationship between the level of household expenditure and the direct and indirect emissions generated by household consumption. However, the emission intensities tend to decrease with the expenditure level for the different atmospheric pollutants, with the exception of the synthetic greenhouse gases (SF6, HFCs and PFCs).Input-Output Analysis, Consumption Pattern, Atmospheric Pollution

Fossil resource depletion and climate change emissions: the role of physical constrictions

In terms of global warming, early peak forecasts in oil and natural gas seem reasonably good news because most emissions arise from fossil fuel burning. However, this can be misleading if coal resources are as enormous as some estimations report because a switch between low carbon content fossil fuels (oil and natural gas) and high carbon content (coal) can be envisaged. Following this hypothesis we develop peak oil and natural gas scenarios where coal supplies what is needed for levelling off fossil fuel energy as soon as oil and natural gas reach their joint peak. We estimate the implications in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and we compare them with the most pessimistic IPCC scenario. Our conclusion is, despite this IPCC scenario probably being unrealistic, the limitation of fossil fuel resources is not quite sufficient to avoid very dangerous emission future evolutions. CO2 concentrations well above 450 ppm at the end of the century are derived and, in addition, no sign of stabilization is observed.peak oil, global warming, non renewable resource models

The proposals for a European tax on CO2 and their implications for intercountry

This paper analyzes the advantages and implications of the implementation of a European tax on carbon dioxide emissions as an own resource of the European Union. In contrast to a harmonized tax, which would only have distributive effects within each member state, a tax collected at European scale would also have important distributive effects among different countries. These effects would also depend on the use of tax revenues. The paper investigates the distributive effects among the member states of three tax models: a pure CO2carbon tax, distributive effects, energy tax, European Union, inter-country

Income growth and atmospheric pollution in Spain: an Input-Output approach

The relationships between economic growth and environmental pressures are complex. Since the early nineties, the debate on these relationships has been strongly influenced by the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis, which states that during the first stage of economic development environmental pressures increase as per capita income increases, but once a critical turning-point has been reached these pressures diminish as income levels continue to increase. However, to date such a delinking between economic growth and emission levels has not happened for most atmospheric pollutants in Spain. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between income growth and nine atmospheric pollutants in Spain. In order to obtain empirical outcomes for this analysis, we adopt an input-output approach and use NAMEA data for the nine pollutants. First, we undertake a structural decomposition analysis for the period 1995-2000 to estimate the contribution of various factors to changes in the levels of atmospheric emissions. And second, we estimate the emissions associated with the consumption patterns of different groups of households classified according to their level of expenditureinput-output analysis; atmospheric pollution; income growth, Environmental Kuznets Curve; Spain.

Truncation errors in cylindrical near to far field transform. A plane wave synthesis approach

Cylindrical Near to far field antenna transformation is expressed as a plane wave synthesis problem where a plane wave is produced by a cylindrical current distribution that encloses the Antenna Under Test (AUT). The current distribution that produces the plane wave is directly derived from the near to far field transformation algorithm.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

From South to North, from North to South: the work balance of qualified love-migrant women

Este artículo se centra en la realidad laboral de un grupo de mujeres con formación universitaria y que forman parte de una pareja binacional heterosexual, en su migración por amor desde el “norte global” hacia el “sur global”, o viceversa. La investigación muestra el impacto negativo en las carreras profesionales y un crecimiento de la carga de trabajo doméstico para estas mujeres. En cuanto al empleo, las consecuencias se centran en el descenso de la movilidad ocupacional, la disminución de ingresos, la mengua de la perspectiva de desarrollo profesional, la reorientación de la carrera y la aparición del subempleo o el desempleo. En lo referente a la vida familiar, el impacto se mueve en un rango que va desde el aumento de las responsabilidades de la casa y/o el cuidado de los hijos a la completa inmersión en la esfera doméstica. En definitiva, aquello que se constata en los términos más extremos, es un proceso de transformación de una profesional cualificada en un ama de casa, y de una mujer autónoma financieramente a una dependiente de su marido.This article focuses on the work trajectories of a group of highly qualified women, members of heterosexual binational couples, on their love migration from the “global north” to the “global south”, or vice versa. Research shows a negative impact on their careers and a growing domestic workload. Regarding to the employment, we find a decreasing occupational mobility, lower incomes and lesser professional perspectives, career reorientations and the apparition of underemployment or unemployment. Concerning to their family life, the effect ranges from increased household and / or childcare responsibilities to a full immersion into the domestic sphere. The most extreme scenario shows a process of transformation from a highly qualified professional to a housewife and from a financially autonomous woman to one dependent on her husband