2,464 research outputs found
Nutrition and Arthritis
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72590/1/j.1753-4887.1949.tb02151.x.pd
Operator-Valued Frames for the Heisenberg Group
A classical result of Duffin and Schaeffer gives conditions under which a
discrete collection of characters on , restricted to , forms a Hilbert-space frame for . For the case of characters
with period one, this is just the Poisson Summation Formula. Duffin and
Schaeffer show that perturbations preserve the frame condition in this case.
This paper gives analogous results for the real Heisenberg group , where
frames are replaced by operator-valued frames. The Selberg Trace Formula is
used to show that perturbations of the orthogonal case continue to behave as
operator-valued frames. This technique enables the construction of
decompositions of elements of for suitable subsets of in
terms of representations of
Analytic Scattering and Refraction Models for Exoplanet Transit Spectra
Observations of exoplanet transit spectra are essential to understanding the
physics and chemistry of distant worlds. The effects of opacity sources and
many physical processes combine to set the shape of a transit spectrum. Two
such key processes - refraction and cloud and/or haze forward scattering - have
seen substantial recent study. However, models of these processes are typically
complex, which prevents their incorporation into observational analyses and
standard transit spectrum tools. In this work, we develop analytic expressions
that allow for the efficient parameterization of forward scattering and
refraction effects in transit spectra. We derive an effective slant optical
depth that includes a correction for forward scattered light, and present an
analytic form of this correction. We validate our correction against a
full-physics transit spectrum model that includes scattering, and we explore
the extent to which the omission of forward scattering effects may bias models.
Also, we verify a common analytic expression for the location of a refractive
boundary, which we express in terms of the maximum pressure probed in a transit
spectrum. This expression is designed to be easily incorporated into existing
tools, and we discuss how the detection of a refractive boundary could help
indicate the background atmospheric composition by constraining the bulk
refractivity of the atmosphere. Finally, we show that opacity from Rayleigh
scattering and collision induced absorption will outweigh the effects of
refraction for Jupiter-like atmospheres whose equilibrium temperatures are
above 400-500 K.Comment: ApJ accepted; submitted Feb. 7, 201
H-alpha Activity of Old M Dwarfs: Stellar Cycles and Mean Activity Levels For 93 Low-Mass Stars in the Solar Neighborhood
Through the McDonald Observatory M Dwarf Planet Search, we have acquired
nearly 3,000 high-resolution spectra of 93 late-type (K5-M5) stars over more
than a decade using HET/HRS. This sample provides a unique opportunity to
investigate the occurrence of long-term stellar activity cycles for low-mass
stars. In this paper, we examine the stellar activity of our targets as
reflected in the H-alpha feature. We have identified periodic signals for 6
stars, with periods ranging from days to more than 10 years, and find long-term
trends for 7 others. Stellar cycles with P > 1 year are present for at least 5%
of our targets. Additionally, we present an analysis of the time-averaged
activity levels of our sample, and search for correlations with other stellar
properties. In particular, we find that more massive, earlier type (M0-M2)
stars tend to be more active than later type dwarfs. Furthermore,
high-metallicity stars tend to be more active at a given stellar mass. We also
evaluate H-alpha variability as a tracer of activity-induced radial velocity
(RV) variation. For the M dwarf GJ 1170, H-alpha variation reveals stellar
activity patterns matching those seen in the RVs, mimicking the signal of a
giant planet, and we find evidence that the previously identified stellar
activity cycle of GJ 581 may be responsible for the recently retracted planet f
(Vogt et al. 2012) in that system. In general, though, we find that H-alpha is
not frequently correlated with RV at the precision (typically 6-7 m/s) of our
measurements.Comment: Submitted to ApJ. Reflects comments from a positive refere
Implementing RTI in Two Rural Elementary Schools: Encouraging Beginnings and Challenges for the Future
Response to Intervention (RTI) models are currently being implemented in many school districts nationwide. However, at a time when interest in RTI is high, the extent to which it is being implemented effectively in rural schools is largely unknown. Teachers and administrators in two rural elementary schools in the Southeastern United States who were part of a state-wide RTI pilot project participated in this study. Interviews were conducted along with field observations of classroom instruction and team problem-solving meetings. Using a multi-step process for data analysis, various implementation themes emerged related to tiered instruction, data-based decision making, support for model implementation, and collaboration. Findings in these areas support issues raised in the literature regarding factors in rural schools that may impede or enhance fidelity of model implementation. Implications for practice and future research are discussed
High-level synthesis for medical image processing on Systems on Chip : a case study
Adaptive radiotherapy is a technique intended to increase the accuracy of radiotherapy. Currently, it is not clinically feasible due to the time required to process the images of patient anatomy. Hardware acceleration of image processing algorithms may allow them to be carried out in a clinically acceptable timeframe. This paper presents the experiences encountered using high-level synthesis tools to design an accelerated segmentation algorithm for computed tomography images targeted for implementation on a System on Chip. Hardware coprocessors and their interfaces for optimal threshold generation and 3D mean filter algorithms were synthesised from C++ functions. Hardware acceleration significantly outperformed the software only implementation. The high-level synthesis tools allowed the rapid exploration of different design options. However, hardware design knowledge was still necessary in order to interpret the results effectively
Using a White-Collar Profession in accounting courses: Approaches to addressing diversity
Accounting educators no doubt agree that diversity is an important and much neglected part of accounting education. They further recognize that it is difficult to incorporate this important topic into the accounting curriculum. This paper describes the efforts of various professors to expose business and accounting students to the evolution of diversity issues related to the accounting profession by using the book A White-Collar Profession [Hammond, 2002]. A White-Collar Profession: African-American CPAs Since 1921 is a seminal work which presents a history of the profession as it relates to African-American CPAs and documents the individual struggles of many of the first one hundred blacks to become certified. This paper describes efforts of faculty at four different colleges to utilize this book in their teaching of accounting. Instructors found that students not only developed an enhanced awareness about the history of the accounting profession, but that other educational objectives were advanced, such as improved communication and critical thinking skills, increased social awareness, and empathy for others. African-American students, in particular, embraced the people in the book as role models, while most every student saw the characters as heroic in a day when the accounting profession is badly in need of role models and heroes. This is encouraging given the profession\u27s concern with diversity and the attention and resources directed at increasing the number of minorities entering the profession
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