Moral motivation and the affective appeal

Proponents of “the affective appeal” (e.g. Dancy in Ethics 124(4):787–812, 2014; Zagzebski in Philos Phenomenol Res 66(1):104–124, 2003) argue that we can make progress in the longstanding debate about the nature of moral motivation by appealing to the affective dimension of affective episodes such as emotions, which allegedly play either a causal or constitutive role in moral judgements. Specifically, they claim that appealing to affect vindicates a version of Motivational Internalism—roughly, the view that there is a necessary connection between moral judgment and motivation—that is both more empirically respectable and less theoretically controversial than non-affective versions. We here argue that the affective appeal fails: versions of Internalism which appeal to affect are neither more empirically supported, nor clearly less controversial, than versions of Internalism which make no such appeal. Although affect doubtless has an important role to play in explaining moral motivation, we are sceptical that establishing any such role advances the debate

Calibrating TrueBeam jaws by considering collimator walk out to improve the dose uniformity at abutting �eld junctions

Jaw positions on a linear accelerator are calibrated to have accurate field size values over the range of jaw positions and to have excellent junctions when matching fields. It is sufficient to have field size accuracy on the order of a millimeter for most clinical applications but good junctions require submillimeter precision and accuracy in the jaw positioning. Presented is a method to measure collimator walkout with the MV imager and a mathematical model to determine an optimal origin for calibrating jaws on the TrueBeam accelerator. The calibration procedure uses the jaw position encoders which are sufficiently accurate and precise enough to achieve a homogeneous junction dose for abutting fields

A BIOMECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF A SPANISH SQUAT: THE EFFECT OF TRUNK INCLINATION AND LOAD ON QUADRICEPS ACTIVITY AND PATELLAR TENDON FORCE

The Spanish squat targets the knee extensor muscles and has been suggested to be an appropriate rehabilitation exercise for patellar tendinopathy. This study provides novel empirical data on the effect of trunk inclination and load on quadricep muscle activity and patellar tendon load while performing the Spanish squat. The findings of this study informs on the progression and regression of the Spanish Squat and provides evidence to support the application of the Spanish squat in progressive tendon loading strategies in the treatment of PT

The aerobraking space transfer vehicle

With the advent of the Space Station and the proposed Geosynchronous Operation Support Center (GeoShack) in the early 21st century, the need for a cost effective, reusable orbital transport vehicle has arisen. This transport vehicle will be used in conjunction with the Space Shuttle, the Space Station, and GeoShack. The vehicle will transfer mission crew and payloads between low earth and geosynchronous orbits with minimal cost. Recent technological advances in thermal protection systems such as those employed in the Space Shuttle have made it possible to incorporate and aerobrake on the transfer vehicle to further reduce transport costs. The research and final design configuration of the aerospace senior design team from VPISU, working in conjunction with NASA, are presented. The topic of aerobraking and focuses on the evolution of an Aerobraking Space Transfer Vehicle (ASTV), is addressed

Developing a Spatial Data Infrastructure for Archaeological and Built Heritage

Although the INSPIRE Directive provides a roadmap and technical specifications for providing interoperability of spatial information created and held by public bodies across Europe, its relevance to archaeological and built heritage information is unclear. Whilst there is a clear need for access to information about the historic environment by a range of audiences actively engaged in the management of Europe’s rich heritage, delivery of relevant services is restricted to a narrow interpretation of the Annex I Protected Sites theme that focuses on statutory designations. This paper explores business reasons for adopting a more expansive interpretation of what information should be considered as and distributed as part of the Protected Sites theme in order to support policies and activities that impact upon the wider historic environment. The paper also considers the range and potential of information created through investigation and recording of the historic environment, often at public expense or interest. The potential for data reuse generating savings, inspiring smarter working practices, and developing sustainable datasets is explored through case studies from Scotland and Ireland and proposals to establish a thematic geo-portal, web services and applications through the EU Culture funded project ArchaeoLandscapes Europe (ArcLand), are discussed

Virtual Heritage Learning Environments

. The change and restrictions in how we react with cultural heritage because of the COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgency in advancing remote and digital access to objects and sites. This paper outlines the process for developing Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) using digital recording and modelling of architectural heritage and archaeology. Virtual Reality (VR) software, game engine platforms and WEB platforms are outlined which can be applied to represent heritage sites in addition to emerging screen based technological learning systems. The application Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) and Game Engine Platforms for creating Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) is also examined. The design-theory based on Virtual Learning Objects for cultural heritage is explored. Two case studies are explored for their potential to create Virtual Heritage Learning Environments. Finally, a design framework is proposed for developing Virtual Heritage Learning Environments

A 3D Star Shot to Determine the Gantry, Collimator, and Couch Axes Positions

A linear accelerator has three independent axes that are nominally intersecting at the isocenter. Modern treatment techniques require the coincidence of these axes to lie within a 1‐mm diameter sphere. A solution to verify this requirement is to wrap a film on a cylindrical surface, align the cylinder to the linac's isocenter and gantry axis, and take multiple exposures of slits, rotating either the gantry, collimator, or couch between exposures. The resulting exposure pattern is the 3D equivalent of the 2D star shot and encodes sufficient information to determine each axis’ position in 3D. Moreover, this method uses a single sheet 8“x10” film, a standard film scanner, and a phantom that can be readily built in‐house, making a practical solution to this 3D‐measurement problem

Logistics, sustainability and education

There still exist widespread misconceptions about logistics as a profession and its impact on the environment. Collaboration between industry and higher ecucation can support the vision of a modern, sustainable supply chain

More than meets the eye

[No abstract available]Not peer reviewe

Lessons for ethics from the science of pain

Pain is ubiquitous. It is also surprisingly complex. In this chapter, we first provide a truncated overview of the neuroscience of pain. This overview reveals four surprising empirical discoveries about the nature of pain with relevance for ethics. In particular, we discuss the ways in which these discoveries both inform putative normative ethical principles concerning pain and illuminate metaethical debates concerning a realist, naturalist moral metaphysics, moral epistemology, and moral motivation. Taken as a whole, the chapter supports the surprising conclusion that the sciences have revealed that pain is less significant than one might have thought, while other neurological kinds may be more significance than has hitherto been recognised