Antioxidant concentrations in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. Antioxidant concentrations are shifted in ADHD patients and antioxidant centred therapies appear to alleviate symptoms significantly1-8. This study aims to investigate antioxidant concentrations in children with ADHD of an Antwerp based population.For the ADHD-cohort, concentrations of lipid-soluble antioxidants (a-tocopherol, g-tocopherol, retinylpalmitate, b-carotene, CoQ10 and retinol) (plasma, n = 12) and glutathione (erythrocytes, n = 4) were measured and consecutively compared to a cohort of non-ADHD children (n = 25-53). Additionally, differences in mean concentrations were compared to literature1,7,8

The SOD1-mediated ALS phenotype shows a decoupling between age of symptom onset and disease duration

Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene variants may cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, some of which are associated with a distinct phenotype. Most studies assess limited variants or sample sizes. In this international, retrospective observational study, we compare phenotypic and demographic characteristics between people with SOD1-ALS and people with ALS and no recorded SOD1 variant. We investigate which variants are associated with age at symptom onset and time from onset to death or censoring using Cox proportional-hazards regression. The SOD1-ALS dataset reports age of onset for 1122 and disease duration for 883 people; the comparator population includes 10,214 and 9010 people respectively. Eight variants are associated with younger age of onset and distinct survival trajectories; a further eight associated with younger onset only and one with distinct survival only. Here we show that onset and survival are decoupled in SOD1-ALS. Future research should characterise rarer variants and molecular mechanisms causing the observed variability