Riverhood: political ecologies of socionature commoning and translocal struggles for water justice

Mega-damming, pollution and depletion endanger rivers worldwide. Meanwhile, modernist imaginaries of ordering ‘unruly waters and humans’ have become cornerstones of hydraulic-bureaucratic and capitalist development. They separate hydro/social worlds, sideline river-commons cultures, and deepen socio-environmental injustices. But myriad new water justice movements (NWJMs) proliferate: rooted, disruptive, transdisciplinary, multi-scalar coalitions that deploy alternative river–society ontologies, bridge South–North divides, and translate river-enlivening practices from local to global and vice-versa. This paper's framework conceptualizes ‘riverhood’ to engage with NWJMs and river commoning initiatives. We suggest four interrelated ontologies, situating river socionatures as arenas of material, social and symbolic co-production: ‘river-as-ecosociety’, ‘river-as-territory’, ‘river-as-subject’, and ‘river-as-movement’

Ecología política latinoamericana : pensamiento crítico, diferencia latinoamericana y rearticulación epistémica. Volúmen 1

La Ecología Política de América Latina desde su emergencia se viene constituyendo en una relación activa de permanente intercambio y retroalimentación con los muy diversos movimientos y luchas que protagonizan conflictos en diferentes escalas y circunstancias, recogiendo las críticas a los modelos de desarrollo de vigencia hegemónica y delineando con ellos otros futuros posibles. En este sentido, los dos volúmenes que presentamos mantienen el diálogo sobre los debates epistemológicos de la Ecología Política latinoamericana a la vez que se entrocan con las prácticas teóricas, políticas y territoriales, que han caracterizado a nuestra región. Esta marca de origen, se basa en la convicción del vínculo, por momentos tenso y conflictivo pero también creativo y productivo, entre el imperativo del refinamiento de las herramientas teórico-políticas para asumir el análisis crítico y la construcción sostenida de alternativas frente al saqueo, el despojo y la devastación socio-ambiental. De la Presentación de Catalina Toro Pérez y Facundo Martín

Unravelling the role of epigenetics in reproductive adaptations to early-life environment

Reproductive function adjusts in response to environmental conditions in order to optimize success. In humans, this plasticity includes age of pubertal onset, hormone levels and age at menopause. These reproductive characteristics vary across populations with distinct lifestyles and following specific childhood events, and point to a role for the early-life environment in shaping adult reproductive trajectories. Epigenetic mechanisms respond to external signals, exert long-term effects on gene expression and have been shown in animal and cellular studies to regulate normal reproductive function, strongly implicating their role in these adaptations. Moreover, human cohort data have revealed differential DNA methylation signatures in proxy tissues that are associated with reproductive phenotypic variation, although the cause–effect relationships are difficult to discern, calling for additional complementary approaches to establish functionality. In this Review, we summarize how adult reproductive function can be shaped by childhood events. We discuss why the influence of the childhood environment on adult reproductive function is an important consideration in understanding how reproduction is regulated and necessitates consideration by clinicians treating women with diverse life histories. The resolution of the molecular mechanisms responsible for human reproductive plasticity could also lead to new approaches for intervention by targeting these epigenetic modifications