Financing the Future of Asia: Innovations in Sustainable Finance

Around the globe, a wave of financial innovation that seeks to create social and environmental benefits while producing attractive returns is shaping the field of sustainable finance.From investments in publicly listed corporations based on environmental, social, and governance factors, to bonds issued to fund climate and environmental improvements; from micro-credit to small retailers through innovative credit assessments, to parametric insurance products improving the disaster resilience of countries, the world of sustainable finance is growing and becoming increasingly diverse.In this report, we take a closer look at these innovations and more, highlighting how they are working to mobilize private-sector capital at scale to address social and environmental challenges. We also explore recent developments and potential opportunities in Asia's four largest economies: China, India, Japan, and Indonesia

Coding roles of long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: Emerging molecular diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets with special reference to chemotherapy resistance

Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms have been depicted in several pathological consequence such as cancer. Different modes of epigenetic regulation (DNA methylation (hypomethylation or hypermethylation of promotor), histone modifications, abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs), are discovered. Particularly, lncRNAs are known to exert pivot roles in different types of cancer including breast cancer. LncRNAs with oncogenic and tumour suppressive potential are reported. Differentially expressed lncRNAs contribute a remarkable role in the development of primary and acquired resistance for radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. A wide range of molecular subtype specific lncRNAs have been assessed in breast cancer research. A number of studies have also shown that lncRNAs may be clinically used as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. Such molecular biomarkers have also been found in cancer stem cells of breast tumours. The objectives of the present review are to summarize the important roles of oncogenic and tumour suppressive lncRNAs for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, metastatic potential, and chemotherapy resistance across the molecular subtypes

Future theranostic strategies: emerging ovarian cancer biomarkers to bridge the gap between diagnosis and treatment

Ovarian cancers are a complex and heterogenic group of malignancies that are difficult to detect, diagnose and treat. Fortunately, considerable knowledge of ovarian cancer specific biomarkers has been generated, that is pertinent to the development of novel theranostic platforms by combining therapies and diagnostics. Genomic and proteomic data has been invaluable in providing critical biomolecular targets for ovarian cancer theranostic approaches. Exploitation of the wealth of biomarker research that has been conducted offers viable targets as beacons for ovarian cancer detection, diagnosis, and therapeutic targeting. These markers can be used in theranostics, a treatment strategy that combines therapy and diagnostics and is common in nuclear medicine, where radionuclides are used for both diagnosis and treatment. The development of theranostics has taken substantial focus in recent years in the battle against ovarian cancer. Yet to date only one theranostic technology has emerged in clinical practice. However, given the wealth of ovarian cancer biomarkers the field is poised to see the emergence of revolutionary disease treatment and monitoring outcomes through their incorporation into the development of theranostic strategies. The future of ovarian cancer treatment is set to enable precise diagnosis, targeted treatment, and vigilant monitoring. This review aims to assess the status of ovarian cancer diagnostic tools and biomarkers in practice, clinical development, or pre-clinical development, highlighting newly emerging theranostic applications

Hypertension Severity Impacts Declines in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Among Women Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

Background: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association hypertension guidelines do not clearly address the pharmacological treatment of increases in blood pressure (BP) in women receiving potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer. Methods and Results: Magnetic resonance measures of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were performed in women with stage I-III breast cancer prior to and three months after initiating potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy. Measurements of brachial BP were collected according to AHA recommendations. Using multivariable analysis, we assessed the association between change in LVEF and pre-existing ACC/AHA stages of hypertension (HTN) after accounting for pre-treatment LVEF, diabetes status, age, and body mass index (BMI). We also analyzed the effect of the number of anti-HTN medicines on LVEF decline in the same patient population. All analyses were performed blind to all participant identifiers. Participants (n=227, female) were aged 56±0.69 (Mn±SE) years and were 75% White and 20% Black. Cancer therapies included combinations of anthracyclines (43.2%), trastuzumab (22.9%), paclitaxel (48.0%), and cyclophosphamide (50.7%). After accounting for pre-treatment LVEF, diabetes status, age, and BMI, participants with Stage II HTN experienced a significant decline (p=0.0116) in LVEF relative to individuals with normal blood pressure. No association was found between the number of anti-HTN medicines and LVEF decline. Conclusion: Relative to women with normal blood pressure, women with Stage II HTN experienced a larger decline in LVEF three months after initiating potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy for breast cancer, independent of HTN treatment. This finding raises the possibility that lower blood pressure targets among women receiving adjuvant treatment for breast cancer may associate with improved preservation of LVEF. Clinical Trial Numbers: NCT02791581 (NIH #: R01CA199167) and NCT01719562 (NIH #: R01CA167821

Low Power Full Adder using 9T Structure

Abstract—In this paper, we propose a new 9T 1-bit full adder. The main objective is full output voltage swing, low power consumption and temperature sustainability. The proposed design is more reliable in terms of power consumption, Power Delay Product (PDP) and temperature sustainability as compared to the existing full adder designs. The design has been implemented 45nm technology on Tanner EDA Tool version 13.0. The simulation results demonstrate the power consumption, delay and power delay product at different input voltages ranging 0.4V to 1.4V. A. Switching Power: Occurs during output transitions due to output switching. B. Short Circuit Power: The short circuit current between power supply and ground gives short circuit power. C. Static Power: Caused by leakage current and static current. Accordingly, the average power consumption in the conventional CMOS digital circuits can be expressed as the sum of these three components (1) Ref. [6

Ventricular arrhythmia: A feature of tubercular myocarditis

Tuberculat myocarditis is an extremely rare entity with few published reports. We report a 13 year old male who presented with ventriculat tachycardia. On evaluation he was observed to have MRI features and workup consistent with nodular variant of tubercular myocarditis. Child had fatal outcome on follow up

New Approach in the Management of Vertical Root Fracture with the Help of Biodentine and CBCT

Introduction. Vertical root fracture is a big challenge to dentists for its diagnosis and treatment. As the tooth presents poor prognosis, the most common treatment modality is extraction. One can save the tooth from extraction by the reconstruction of fracture fragments followed by intentional reimplantation. New treatment options have arrived for healing of the fracture site by hard tissue barrier formation with the help of bioceramic materials. Case Report. The present case report describes successful management of complete vertical root fracture of a maxillary left central incisor by trauma in a 35-year-old male with the help of Biodentine, a bonding agent, a fiber post, and dual-cure resin cement without tooth extraction, followed by all ceramic crowns. Up to two years of follow-up, there is no problem in the tooth, and radiographically, there is no radiolucency along the fracture line. Periodontal status and probing depth were within a normal physiological limit. Conclusion. Functional and aesthetic outcomes are achieved by combined therapy in the present case report