12 research outputs found
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TER1: From Sensor to Scientist: Emissary and Cyberinfrastructure for Sensor Networks in Terrestrial Ecological Research
EMISSARY is a field-portable interface for advanced data visualization, modelling, and data exploration of sensor micronets. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) are combined to expand our understanding of data collected from sensors in the field. EMISSARY supplies real-time access to current and archived data and data models. It also provides field guidance and facilitates the process of sensor configuration, calibration, testing and debugging. It provides researchers with the capability to produce models using past and real-time data for hypothesis testing and experiment planning
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From Sensor to Scientist Emissary and Cyberinfrastructure for Sensor Networks in Terrestrial Ecological Research
EMISSARY is a new system under development for an advanced data visualization, spatio-temporal modeling interface, and field portable tools for in-situ data exploration of sensormicronets and distributed instrument management. Our research is defining a set of functional capabilities for an advanced system for in the field communication with a sensormicronet and distributed instrumentation, on-line and interactive modeling tools, and system diagnostics and configuration interfaces. Conceptually this system would be a hand-held PDA or laptop class computer with wireless communication to mote-class devices (sensor nodes), networked data-logging instruments, WAN/LAN, and the Internet
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From Sensor to Scientist Emissary and Cyberinfrastructure for Sensor Networks in Terrestrial Ecological Research
EMISSARY is a new system under development for an advanced data visualization, spatio-temporal modeling interface, and field portable tools for in-situ data exploration of sensormicronets and distributed instrument management. Our research is defining a set of functional capabilities for an advanced system for in the field communication with a sensormicronet and distributed instrumentation, on-line and interactive modeling tools, and system diagnostics and configuration interfaces. Conceptually this system would be a hand-held PDA or laptop class computer with wireless communication to mote-class devices (sensor nodes), networked data-logging instruments, WAN/LAN, and the Internet
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TER2: Multiscale Multimodal Embedded Sensing of Plant Phenology and Physiology
The goal of this integrated and cross-campus project is to sense the environment from the leaf to the landscape level. Aspects of the project include, but are not limited to: (1) NIMS and fixed-camera technologies that allow the real-time and automated observation of plant phenological events: leaf flushes, flowering, herbivore attack, and pollination and flower-visitation events. (2) Embedded micro-sensors that include light sensors sensitive to photosynthetic photon flux (PPF; 400-700 nm wavelength) installed on leaf surfaces indicate leaf- and plant-level responses to changes in light conditions, sap flow sensors that measure the velocity at which the transpiration stream flows by the dissipation of heat within a branch, and micrometeorological sensors that monitor conditions that change the driving force for transpiration and affect water balance on a plant- and landscape-level. (3) Minirhizotron tubes enable the direct measurement of root growth and allow for the estimations of microbial activity in the soil
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TER0: Overview Poster: Terrestrial Ecology Observing Systems at the James Reserve
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CCB 2005: Towards developing a monitoring framework for Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plans. Part I.
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TER 0: TEOS: Terrestrial Ecology Observing Systems Overview of Embedded Networked Systems and EMISSARY Tools for Instrument Management and Data Exploration
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Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health
Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
Summary: Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health