6 research outputs found
L'Ă©preuve de chant au certificat d'Ă©tudes en Bretagne sous l'Occupation
International audienceLes recherches sur la vie musicale en France pendant lâoccupation ont Ă©voquĂ© dans quelle mesure tant lâAllemagne que Vichy avaient exercĂ© une emprise sur la musique Ă partir de 1941. Cet article sâintĂ©resse de façon plus prĂ©cise Ă un dĂ©cret concernant le rĂ©pertoire vocal scolaire, paru le 25 juin 1941. Celui-ci autorise lâenseignement des chants « dialectaux et folkloriques » qui peuvent faire lâobjet dâune Ă©preuve aux examens du Certificat dâĂ©tudes primaires. En Bretagne, la rĂ©Ă©dition du recueil Chansons bretonnes pour la jeunesse de François Jaffrenou, dit Taldir (1942) tĂ©moigne dâune rĂ©ponse Ă cette prescription ministĂ©rielle. Comment cette parution sâarticule-t-elle avec les prĂ©occupations vichystes concernant lâĂ©ducation de la jeunesse ? Cette Ă©tude aborde cette question en mettant le recueil de Taldir en relation avec dâautres rĂ©pertoires vocaux scolaires antĂ©rieurs ou contemporains et avec les chants prescrits au Certificat dâĂ©tudes Primaires, en Bretagne, sous lâOccupation.Research into French musical history during the Occupation has highlihted the extent to which both Germany and Vichy-France had a hold over music from 1941. This paper focuses more specifically on e decree passed on 25th June 1941 concerning the repertoire of songs to be sung in schools. The decree authorized the teaching educational and â traditional folk songsâ wich could âbe subject of testing for the Primary Education examinationâ. In Brittany, the new edition of âChansons bretonnes pour la jeunesseâ by François Jaffrenou, alias Taldir (1942), is evidence to the response to this ministerial ruling. How does this publication relate to the Vichyist concerns about education? This paper aims at answering this question by comparing this work with the songs chosen during the Occupation for the Primary Education examination and with other educational vocal repertoire, both past and present
La reine des fourmis a disparuâŠ
International audienceĂ partir dâune sĂ©ance filmĂ©e dans une classe de CM2 sur lâouvrage La reine des fourmis a disparu de F. Bernard et F. Roca (Albin Michel, 1996), lâanalyse du dispositif magistral et des rĂ©actions des Ă©lĂšves (anticipation, mĂ©taphores, illustrations) montre, mĂȘme si câest dâune maniĂšre diffĂ©rente que dans le travail prĂ©sentĂ© ci-dessus sur Le ballon dâor (1999), montre que câest en grande partie le dispositif didactique prĂ©vu pour aider Ă la lecture du texte qui les en a paradoxalement empĂȘchĂ©s. Par ailleurs, lâanalyse dâune modalitĂ© de ce dispositif didactique, la dĂ©couverte progressive du texte, a permis de mettre en Ă©vidence que plusieurs des activitĂ©s demandĂ©es aux Ă©lĂšves, au fur et Ă mesure de cette dĂ©couverte, ne pouvaient de fait ĂȘtre comprises quâau terme de la lecture de lâouvrage. Elles nâĂ©taient pas en effet des activitĂ©s de dĂ©couverte du texte mais de relecture de celui-ci. Ceci est tout Ă fait significatif de lâensemble des activitĂ©s corrĂ©lĂ©es dâanticipation (prospectives) et dâĂ©lucidation (rĂ©trospectives)
Characteristics of HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 Dually Seropositive Adults in West Africa Presenting for Care and Antiretroviral Therapy: The IeDEA-West Africa HIV-2 Cohort Study.
HIV-2 is endemic in West Africa. There is a lack of evidence-based guidelines on the diagnosis, management and antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-2 or HIV-1/HIV-2 dual infections. Because of these issues, we designed a West African collaborative cohort for HIV-2 infection within the framework of the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA).We collected data on all HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dually seropositive patients (both ARV-naive and starting ART) and followed-up in clinical centres in the IeDEA-WA network including a total of 13 clinics in five countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso CĂŽte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal, in the West Africa region.Data was merged for 1,754 patients (56% female), including 1,021 HIV-2 infected patients (551 on ART) and 733 dually seropositive for both HIV-1 and HIV 2 (463 on ART). At ART initiation, the median age of HIV-2 patients was 45.3 years, IQR: (38.3-51.7) and 42.4 years, IQR (37.0-47.3) for dually seropositive patients (pâ=â0.048). Overall, 16.7% of HIV-2 patients on ART had an advanced clinical stage (WHO IV or CDC-C). The median CD4 count at the ART initiation is 166 cells/mm(3), IQR (83-247) among HIV-2 infected patients and 146 cells/mm(3), IQR (55-249) among dually seropositive patients. Overall, in ART-treated patients, the CD4 count increased 126 cells/mm(3) after 24 months on ART for HIV-2 patients and 169 cells/mm(3) for dually seropositive patients. Of 551 HIV-2 patients on ART, 5.8% died and 10.2% were lost to follow-up during the median time on ART of 2.4 years, IQR (0.7-4.3).This large multi-country study of HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dual infection in West Africa suggests that routine clinical care is less than optimal and that management and treatment of HIV-2 could be further informed by ongoing studies and randomized clinical trials in this population