Romney Marsh: Evolution of the Historic Landscape and its Wider Significance

© Oxford University School of Archaeology and the individual authors, 2002. Reproduced with permission of the publisher.Romney Marsh is one of the largest coastal wetlands in Britain, and has seen a long history of archaeological, documentary and geomorphological research. Recently, this has been complemented by interdisciplinary work of the Romney Marsh Research Trust's members, and we now have an extensive body of data relating to this remarkable landscape. In the first monograph produced by the Romney Marsh Research Trust, Christopher Green attempted a broad palaeogeographical reconstruction of how the Marsh may have evolved over the past 2,000 years, and this paper is an attempt to expand upon the model put forward. Some aspects of the wider significance of the history of Romney Marsh are then considered, including the importance of breaches in coastal barriers in affecting human utilisation of marshland landscapes, the significance of the associated estuaries for integrating coastal and inland economies, and the role of marshland within complex medieval estate structures

Stonebridge: An Initial Assessment of its Historic Landscape Character

Essex County Counci

Infield and outfield: the early stages of marshland colonisation and the evolution of medieval field systems

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. Copyright © Hertiage Trust of Lincolnshire 2002; © WARP 2002. NOTE: Image reference (p.64) should read: RAF/3G/TUD/UK/19, frame 5237 taken 13 January 1946. Credit line: English heritage. NMR (RAF Photography)[FIRST PARAGRAPH] In recent decades we have come a long way in our understanding of medieval field systems, and in particular the origins and structure of the Midland open fields. The work of David Hall in Northamptonshire and elsewhere has been one of the most important contributions, most notably for the way in which documentary, cartographic and earthwork evidence are integrated. Though the structure of these field systems is now relatively well-understood, their origins are less clear. Large scale fieldwalking has shown that the medieval pattern of nucleated villages and open fields replaced a landscape characterised by dispersed settlement, though little is known of the structure of their associated field systems. There has been speculation that open fields may have evolved from infield-outfield systems (e.g. Astill 1988, 63; Baker and Butlin 1973c,655-6; Finberg1 969, 150; Fox 1981, 64,89-90) and though Taylor (1981, 13) is quite right in suggesting that systems such as run-rig and infield-outfield ... are well documented as having existed in many places in this country , such arrangements have received relatively little attention in recent overviews of British field systems( Astill 1988; Rowley 1981; Taylor 1987,68)

Landscapes of Pre-Medieval Occupation

Images reproduced with permission of the National Monuments Record © Crown copyright. NMR or © English Heritage

The Rayleigh Hills in south-east Essex: patterns in exploitation of a woodland

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. © Essex County Council 199

An evaluation of properties related to wear time of four dressings during a five-day period

This study evaluated skin tolerance and other properties relating to wear time, such as conformability and comfort, pain on dressing removal, adhesion and premature detachment, of four advanced hydrated dressings applied to the knees and elbows of 22 healthy volunteers over a fixed five-day period. The dressings all incorporate silicone-based adhesives and are designed to provide a moist wound environment while managing exudate. Skin tolerance was good for all four dressings but there was variation in regards to wear time and fluid-handling properties. Conflict of interest: this work was supported by a grant from Mölnlycke Health Care, Swede

Understanding the medieval landscape

Published version reproduced with the permission of the publisher.© Maney Publishin

Focus or frontier? The significance of estuaries in the landscape of southern Britain

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. Copyright © Oxbow Books, 2007. 'Windgather Press' is a wholly owned imprint of Oxbow Books. Details of the definitive version are available at: http://www.windgather.co.uk/landscapes.phpAs major physical features of our landscape, and the location of some of our major ports and cities, it is easy to assume that estuaries have always been of great significance to our island nation. The examination of case studies in the east and west of Britain suggests, however, that estuaries were only important in certain socio-economic and political spheres, and that, particularly for the lower levels of society they often presented a barrier to contact. The significance of estuaries also changed over time as the nature of economic interaction and political structures evolved

Early planned landscapes in South-East Essex

Reproduced with permission of the Essex Society for Archaeology and History. Details of the definitive version are available at: http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/esah/publications.aspThis paper examines the origins and nature of the 'planned landscapes' which cover much of southern Essex. Firstly, the need for a rigorous methodology is stressed, and the processes by which such landscapes can evolve are discussed. Secondly, a multidisciplinary use of a wide range of data allows a greater understanding of the origins and context of several areas of planned landscape; a strong case is made that they are predominantly later Saxon, contrary to the widespread belief that they date to the late Iron Age or Roman period. Finally, some of the implications of such large scale reorganisation of the landscape are considered

Historic Landscape Analysis: Deciphering the countryside

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. All of the images and illustrations have been reproduced with permission of the copyright holders. This is the author's final post-print version of a book as accepted for publication by the Council for British Archaeology. Copyright © 2004 Author and Council for British Archaeology. The definitive publication is available at: http://www.britarch.ac.uk/pubs/[SUMMARY] The British landscape is remarkably varied in its character. To a considerable extent this results from the different ways that successive generations of human communities have created regionally distinctive patterns of agriculture and industry. Our 'historic landscape' - the patterns of settlement, roads, fields, and other land-uses that make up the physical fabric of our present countryside - was described by Hoskins as the 'richest historical record we possess'. This handbook introduces some of the techniques that archaeologists, historians, historical geographers and planners can use to unravel the complex history of the countryside. A series of case studies demonstrate practical applications of historic landscape analysis for a broad range of uses and at a variety of national and regional levels. The well-illustrated and clear guide will be essential reading for anyone trying to understand the origins and development of regional variation in historic landscape character