Voltage tunable Gunn-type microwave generator Patent

Voltage tunable Gunn effect semiconductor for microwave generatio

Pressure-sensitive bonded junction transducers

Miniature transducers involve the use of appropriate commercial epoxy resins. Design protects the sensitive semiconductor surface from ambients and excludes an air space in the device capsule

Miniature backward-diode pressure sensor features stability and low power consumption

Backward-diode pressure transducer retains the advantages of a tunneling mechanism, requires no shunting resistor, operates at a low voltage level, and consumes little power

Multiport semiconductor devices

Device, made of a variety of semiconductors, incorporates three or more terminals. Between at least two terminals, switching action occurs. The other terminal pair performs either another switching function or a control function. This device is useful for computer-logic or memory applications

Design, development, fabrication, and delivery of three /3/ strain gage accelerometers Final report, Jun. 23, 1964 - Jun. 23, 1965

Strain gauge accelerometer based on anisotropic stress effect in P-N junctions using piezoelectric crystal

Pressure sensitive transducers Patent

Miniature electromechanical junction transducer operating on piezojunction effect and utilizing epoxy for stress coupling componen

A miniature electromechanical tunnel diode transducer

Miniature electromechanical tunnel diode transduce

Magnetic dynamics driven by the spin-current generated via spin-Seebeck effect

We consider the spin-current driven dynamics of a magnetic nanostructure in a conductive magnetic wire under a heat gradient in an open circuit, spin Seebeck effect geometry. It is shown that the spin-current scattering results in a spin-current torque acting on the nanostructure and leading to precession and displacement. The scattering leads also to a redistribution of the spin electrochemical potential along the wire resulting in a break of the polarity-reversal symmetry of the inverse spin Hall effect voltage with respect to the heat gradient inversion

Anti-Neuroinflammatory effects of the extract of Achillea fragrantissima

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The neuroinflammatory process plays a central role in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and involves the activation of brain microglial cells. During the neuroinflammatory process, microglial cells release proinflammatory mediators such as cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). In the present study, extracts from 66 different desert plants were tested for their effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced production of NO by primary microglial cells. The extract of <it>Achillea fragrantissima </it>(<it>Af</it>)<it/>, which is a desert plant that has been used for many years in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, was the most efficient extract, and was further studied for additional anti-neuroinflammatory effects in these cells.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In the present study, the ethanolic extract prepared from <it>Af </it>was tested for its anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated primary cultures of brain microglial cells. The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) secreted by the cells were determined by reverse transcriptase-PCR and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. NO levels secreted by the activate cells were measured using Griess reagent, ROS levels were measured by 2'7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), MMP-9 activity was measured using gel zymography, and the protein levels of the proinflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured by Western blot analysis. Cell viability was assessed using Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the media conditioned by the cells or by the crystal violet cell staining.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have found that out of the 66 desert plants tested, the extract of <it>Af </it>was the most efficient extract and inhibited ~70% of the NO produced by the LPS-activated microglial cells, without affecting cell viability. In addition, this extract inhibited the LPS - elicited expression of the proinflammatory mediators IL-1β, TNFα, MMP-9, COX-2 and iNOS in these cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Thus, phytochemicals present in the <it>Af </it>extract could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology.</p