Additional file 1 of Hospital infections and health-related quality of life after cardiac surgery: a multicenter survey

Additional file 1. Figure 1. Missing Values. Supplementary Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the non-infection (NI) and infection groups (I) in the original dataset. Supplementary Table 2. Baseline characteristics of the non-infection (NI) and infection (I) groups in the imputed dataset after propensity score weighting. Supplementary Table 3. Baseline and post-operative characteristics of the Recovery and Non-Recovery Group in the original dataset. Supplementary Table 4. Associations between specific types of hospital infections and recovery

The Visick score: a good measure for the overall effect of antireflux surgery?

OBJECTIVE: In scoring the outcome of antireflux surgery, it is extremely difficult to combine the effect on reflux symptoms and esophageal acid exposure in one and the same single system - the Visick score revisited. The aim of this study was to correlate subjective outcome variables and objective outcome variables in an attempt to come to an overall reproducible scoring system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1997 to 1999, a randomized trial was set up to compare 98 patients who had undergone laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) with 79 patients treated with conventional Nissen fundoplication (CNF). All patients were requested to complete a questionnaire, before and 3, 6, 12, 24 and 60 months after surgery. A subgroup of 87 patients agreed to undergo objective evaluation by pH-metry. The results of all these assessments were correlated with the effect of surgery on the Visick score. RESULTS: After LNF and CNF, 79 and 69 patients, respectively, completed the questionnaires. After 5 years, complaints about heartburn, regurgitation and dysphagia were still significantly improved in the majority of patients, but in these groups, 6, 3 and 27% of patients, respectively, experienced deterioration. Visick score I or II (complaints resolved or improved) was recorded by 87% of patients. The Visick score correlated with the reduction of postoperative reflux symptom grades for heartburn, but not with the reduction of regurgitation, dysphagia and esophageal acid exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study shows that the Visick score can be applied to monitor the subjective effect of primary antireflux surgery as it correlates well with the most prominent symptom of GERD (heartburn), it also underlines the difficulty in adequately scoring symptomatic outcome of antireflux surger

Five-year subjective and objective results of laparoscopic and conventional Nissen fundoplication: a randomized trial

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the subjective and objective outcome of laparoscopic (LNF) and conventional Nissen fundoplication (CNF) up to 5 years after surgery as obtained in a multicenter randomized controlled trial. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: LNF is regarded as surgical treatment of first choice for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease by many surgeons based on several short- and mid-term studies. The long-term efficacy of Nissen fundoplication, however, is still questioned as objective data gathered from prospective studies are lacking. METHODS: From 1997 to 1999, 177 patients were randomized to undergo LNF or CNF. Five years after surgery, all patients were requested to fill in questionnaires and to undergo esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH-metry. RESULTS: A total of 148 patients agreed to participate in the follow-up study: 79 patients after LNF and 69 after CNF. Of these, 97 patients (48 LNF, 49 CNF) consented to undergo esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH-metry. At 5 years follow-up, 20 patients had undergone reoperation: 12 after LNF (15%) and 8 after CNF (12%). There was no difference in subjective outcome, with overall satisfaction rates of 88% and 90%, respectively. Total esophageal acid exposure times (pH < 4) were 2.1% +/- 0.5% and 2.0% +/- 0.6%, respectively (P = 0.21). Antisecretory medication was taken daily in 14% and 16%, respectively (P = 0.29). There was no correlation between medication use and acid exposure and indices of symptom-reflux association (symptom index and symptom association probability). No significant differences between subjective and objective results at 3 to 6 months and results obtained at 5 years after surgery were found. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of LNF and CNF on general state of health and objective reflux control are sustained up to 5 years after surgery and the long-term results of LNF and CNF are comparable. A substantial minority of patients in both groups had a second antireflux operation or took antisecretory drugs, although the use of those medications did not appear to be related to abnormal esophageal acid exposur

Five-Year Subjective and Objective Results of Laparoscopic and Conventional Nissen Fundoplication: A Randomized Trial

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the subjective and objective outcome of laparoscopic (LNF) and conventional Nissen fundoplication (CNF) up to 5 years after surgery as obtained in a multicenter randomized controlled trial. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: LNF is regarded as surgical treatment of first choice for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease by many surgeons based on several short- and mid-term studies. The long-term efficacy of Nissen fundoplication, however, is still questioned as objective data gathered from prospective studies are lacking. METHODS: From 1997 to 1999, 177 patients were randomized to undergo LNF or CNF. Five years after surgery, all patients were requested to fill in questionnaires and to undergo esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH-metry. RESULTS: A total of 148 patients agreed to participate in the follow-up study: 79 patients after LNF and 69 after CNF. Of these, 97 patients (48 LNF, 49 CNF) consented to undergo esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH-metry. At 5 years follow-up, 20 patients had undergone reoperation: 12 after LNF (15%) and 8 after CNF (12%). There was no difference in subjective outcome, with overall satisfaction rates of 88% and 90%, respectively. Total esophageal acid exposure times (pH < 4) were 2.1% ± 0.5% and 2.0% ± 0.6%, respectively (P = 0.21). Antisecretory medication was taken daily in 14% and 16%, respectively (P = 0.29). There was no correlation between medication use and acid exposure and indices of symptom-reflux association (symptom index and symptom association probability). No significant differences between subjective and objective results at 3 to 6 months and results obtained at 5 years after surgery were found. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of LNF and CNF on general state of health and objective reflux control are sustained up to 5 years after surgery and the long-term results of LNF and CNF are comparable. A substantial minority of patients in both groups had a second antireflux operation or took antisecretory drugs, although the use of those medications did not appear to be related to abnormal esophageal acid exposure