Osmia (Diceratosmia) gonzalezi Griswold & Rightmyer 2017, new species

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>gonzalezi</i> new species <p>(Figs 2C, 3B, 5A, 6A, 10A)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Females of <i>O. gonzalezi</i>, <i>O. aliciae</i>, and <i>O. spinulifera</i> share the distinctive granulose integument of the frons (Figs 2B, 2C) with its erect, modified hairs that distinguishes them from all other Nearctic <i>Osmia</i>. <i>Osmia gonzalei</i> is easily distinguished from <i>O. spinulifera</i> by the shagreened rather than shiny clypeus (Fig. 5A vs Fig. 5B) and by the absence of a spine over the spiracle of T1 (Fig. 3B vs Fig. 3A). <i>Osmia gonzalezi</i> is more easily confused with <i>O. aliciae.</i> In fact, females of <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i> were were previously included among putative <i>O. aliciae</i> listed in the “Otras localidades” by Ayala & Griswold (2005), co-occurring in collections from Cuernavaca. In <i>O. gonzalezi</i> the punctures on the frons are larger and denser throughout and the hairs that arise from them are distinctly bent; in <i>O</i>. <i>aliciae</i>, punctures are fine and sparse except along the midline and hairs are cork screwshaped. Female <i>O. gonzalezi</i> further differ in the longer vertex (> 3x diameter of lateral ocellus versus ~ 2x) and longer dorsal face of T1 medially (longer than maximum scutellum length versus not longer).</p> <p> Males of <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i> can be distinguished from all other small, blue/green <i>Diceratosmia</i> except <i>O</i>. <i>aliciae</i> by the strongly granulose integument of the frons (shiny in all other species). Males of <i>Osmia gonzalezi</i> can be distinguished from <i>O</i>. <i>aliciae</i> by the shape of S3 (apical margin strongly concave in <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i>, more or less straight in <i>O</i>. <i>aliciae</i>) and by the longer vertex (> 3x diameter of lateral ocellus versus ~ 2x).</p> <p> Males of <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i> share with <i>O</i>. <i>marilaunidii</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>conjuncta</i> the strongly concave apical margin of S3 (Figs 6A, 7A, 7B); the acutely pointed lateral projections of T6; and the long, slender medioapical hairs on S4 that do not form a comb-like structure. Unlike <i>O</i>. <i>marilaunidii</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>conjuncta</i>, in <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i> the integument of the frons is granulose and dull (shiny in former two species). In addition, in <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i> the hairs on S4 are uniformly dense along the entire apical margin (hairs at middle of apical margin are well separated from the hairs on the far lateral sides of S 4 in <i>O</i>. <i>marilaunidii</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>conjuncta</i>; see Diagnosis under <i>O</i>. <i>marilaunidii</i> for further details). Further, in <i>O</i>. <i>gonzalezi</i> the punctures are uniformly dense on the entire subapical margin of S4, while in at least <i>O</i>. <i>marilaunidii</i> and often in <i>O</i>. <i>conjuncta</i> there are impunctate regions laterally near the apical margin of S4.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female</b>. Total length: ca. 10 mm; forewing length: 7.5 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital margin: 0.6 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.5 mm.</p> <p> <i>Color</i>: Head and mesosoma dark blue, metasoma greenish-blue, except with brown integument on mouthparts, labrum, apical edge of clypeus, antenna, mesoscutal spot anterior to parapsidal suture, posterior two-thirds of tegula, tibiae, tarsi, inner surfaces of femora; dark brown with strong purple overtones on outer surfaces of legs distal to femora. Wings moderately infuscate, leading edge of forewing more strongly infuscate.</p> <p> <i>Pubescence</i>: White, plumose hairs on body, minutely branched on outer surfaces of mid and hind legs, tergal marginal fringes, fringe of S6; golden to pale golden on mandible, mostly unbranched on face and vertex; stouter golden hairs on inner surfaces of all tarsi. Labrum with erect apical fringe and transverse fringe medial of golden hair. Hairs of clypeus and frons mostly corkscrew-like apically. Scopal hairs brilliant white, apically pointed; S6 with short, moderately dense, suberect, white hairs.</p> <p> <i>Punctation</i>: Head with punctures ovate to circular, contiguous or nearly so and deeply impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate on basal half; clypeus with apical margin truncate, very narrowly impunctate (less than a puncture width); paraocular area with punctures more strongly ovate, slightly less strongly impressed. Frons and clypeus with integument between punctures strongly granulose (Figs 2C, 5A), much duller than integument on paraocular area and vertex; frons sparsely punctate. Mesosoma with punctures round, nearly contiguous, deeply impressed except as follows: mesoscutum with punctures extremely dense, causing integument to appear roughened and dull, especially on anterior half, punctures much finer anteriorly, especially medially; tegula with punctures minute, absent on posterior two-thirds except sparsely near margins; mesepisternum with punctures separated by up to 0.5 puncture diameter in places, with one to three micropunctures between larger punctures; metepisternum with punctures contiguous or nearly so, ventrally very strongly impressed, dorsally weak, very shallow; axilla very small, almost striate in part, metanotum and lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum with punctures separated by up to one puncture diameter, with background integument weakly shagreened to granulose, duller than mesepisternum and scutellum; propodeal triangle moderately lineolate to reticulate on dorsal half, shagreened on lower half, sometimes with weakly shiny areas laterally along ventral margin; legs with punctures on outer surfaces fine, more irregular, more weakly impressed, with inner surfaces of trochanters, femora, and fore- and midtibiae shiny to weakly shagreened, with scattered smaller punctures. T1 with anterior, lateral surfaces polished, shiny, almost impunctate; terga with dorsal surfaces between punctures shiny; punctures round, well impressed, nearly contiguous; punctures denser, smaller along apical margins of all terga (usually obscured by dense hair fringes). S2–S5 with coarse, dense punctures, S6 rather finely punctate.</p> <p> <i>Structure</i>: Maxillary palpus five-segmented, fifth segment minute; second labial palpal segment ca. 1.5x longer than basal segment. Mandible with condylar ridge thicker than outer ridge, parallel along most of length; apical margin with four teeth, third poorly separated from second and fourth by weak basal carina forming broad curve wider than semicircle, margin of third tooth forming wide V-shape with adjacent margin of second and very weakly incurved with adjacent margin of fourth (exact dimensions of third tooth difficult to determine due to significant wear in all available material), third tooth weakly set back from second and fourth; inner, ventral margin of mandible lacking distinct tooth, apical two-thirds of ventral margin distinctly carinate diverging well away from condylar ridge towards inner, dorsal margin of mandible; mandible apically widened (1.5 times wider than narrowest width), first tooth length much longer than second, second tooth located midway between first and fourth tooth. Clypeus almost flat with only hint of medial, longitudinal swelling, apical margin with medial projection weak, not forming distinct truncation, not scoop-shaped in oblique view, in anterior view margin slightly convex (possibly due to wear), and forming ca. 130 degree angle with lateral apical margin of clypeus. F1 one-half longer than F2 or slightly less, remaining flagellar segments gradually increasing in length such that F10 nearly twice as long as F1. Vertex behind lateral ocellus ca. 3.5 OD in length or slightly less. Genal width ca. 1.5 times compound eye width in lateral view. Preoccipital margin rounded, not carinate. Hypostomal carina moderately high, highest at about midpoint of longitudinal posterior limb, not forming triangular projection at this point but forming distinct, semicircular projection, tapering to low carina with lowest point at angle. Mesepisternum with anterior face at right angle to lateral face but omaulus not carinate. Scutellum gently biconvex on anterior margin. Axilla gently convex laterally. Malus forming long, pointed apical spine, this spine minutely pectinate on inner margin. Forebasitarsus acutely angled apically; second and third foretarsiwith lobes strongly swollen, anterior lobes much longer than posterior lobes. Hindtibial spurs more or less straight along length to weakly curved on apical sixth, outer spur about one sixth shorter than inner. Hind basitarsus with lateral margins slightly convex, widest before midpoint. T1 anterior and dorsal surfaces separated by weak carina; T1 spiracle without distinctive acutely angled projection (Fig. 3B). S6 with apical margin slightly, roundly angled medially.</p> <p> <b>Male</b>. Total length: ca. 10 mm; forewing length: 6 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital margin: 0.7 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.5 mm.</p> <p> <i>Color</i>: Head and metasoma pale greenish-blue, mesosoma clear pale blue, except with brown integument on mouthparts, labrum, apical edge of clypeus, antenna, posterior two-thirds of tegula, inner surfaces of legs distal to trochanters, apical margins of T6–T7, apical margin of S1, basally on S3, and S5–S8; dark brown with bluish overtones on mandible, especially basally, and S4; brown with strong bluish overtones on outer surfaces of legs distal to trochanters, S1–S2, and apical margin of S3. Wings moderately infuscate, leading edge of forewing more strongly infuscate.</p> <p> <i>Pubescence</i>: White, plumose hairs on body except minutely branched on outer surfaces of mid and hind legs; golden to pale golden on mandible, face, and dorsal surfaces of mesosoma and metasoma (with short, dense band of golden tomentum apicolaterally on T1–T3 and entire apical margins of T4–T5); stouter golden hairs on inner surfaces of all tarsi; pale, short, simple, dense on discs of S3–S4. Labrum covered with branched hairs on apical half, hairs forming short fringe on apical margin. S3 with dense, medially directed hairs forming semicircular fringe along entire emargination (hairs ca. 2.5–3.0 OD in length, or slightly longer laterally, Fig. 6A). S4 subapical margin (i.e., transverse band, ca. apical one-fifth of disc) uniformly covered with sparse, pale, suberect hairs, these hairs not interrupted medially on S4, minutely branched laterally, simple medially and at extreme lateral edge. S6 with short, sparse, white hairs.</p> <p> <i>Punctation</i>: Head with punctures ovate to circular, contiguous or nearly so and deeply impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate on basal half; clypeus with apical truncation impunctate for about one-fourth length of F1; paraocular area with punctures more strongly ovate, slightly less strongly impressed. Frons with integument between punctures strongly granulose, much duller than integument on remainder of face. Mesosoma with punctures round, nearly contiguous, deeply impressed except as follows: mesoscutum with punctures extremely dense, causing integument to appear roughened and dull, especially on anterior half; tegula with punctures minute, sparser on posterior half, separated by up to eight puncture diameters; mesepisternum with punctures separated by up to 0.5 puncture diameter in places, with one to three micropunctures between larger punctures; metepisternum with punctures more irregular, large, very strongly impressed; pronotum, metanotum, and lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum with punctures separated by up to two puncture diameters, with background integument weakly shagreened to granulose, duller than mesepisternum and scutellum; propodeal triangle moderately lineolate to reticulate on dorsal half, shagreened on lower half, sometimes with weakly shiny areas laterally along ventral margin; legs with punctures on outer surfaces more irregular, more weakly impressed, with inner surfaces of trochanters, femora, and tibiae shiny to weakly shagreened, with scattered smaller punctures. T1 with anterior, lateral surfaces polished, shiny. Metasomal terga with dorsal surfaces between punctures shiny, almost impunctate; punctures round, well impressed, nearly contiguous (slightly less distinct and circular on T4– T7); punctures denser, smaller towards apical margins of all terga. T1–T3 with impunctate apical margins medially very small (ca. one adjacent puncture diameter); T4–T5 with apical margins obscured by dense hairs; T6–T7 with apical impunctate margins slightly thickened, about three adjacent puncture diameters in length;. S1–S2 and apical margins of S3–S4 with punctures large, well impressed, circular to ovate; S2 with distinct impunctate, lamellate apical margin; S3–S4 on basal two-thirds to three-fourths with minute, dense punctures. S5–S6 weakly shagreened, with scattered small punctures especially near apical margins.</p> <p> <i>Structure</i>: Mandible with outer and condylar ridges converging apically; with two teeth, upper and lower teeth nearly the same width and length; inner margins of upper and lower teeth forming nearly 90 degree angle; upper tooth with inner and dorsal margins forming ca. 50 degree angle; inner, ventral margin of mandible carinate apically, weakly diverging away from condylar ridge. Clypeus apical margin with distinct truncation medially, with lateral corner of truncation forming nearly 90 degree angle with lateral margin of clypeus; truncation medially very weakly concave, laterally with weakly tuberculate swelling. Flagellar segments subequal in length, except F11 nearly one-fourth longer than other segments. Vertex behind lateral ocellus ca. 3.5 OD in length or slightly less. Genal width subequal to compound eye in lateral view or slightly less. Preoccipital margin rounded, not carinate. Hypostomal carina moderately high, about the same height along length of head, shorter at angle, not forming distinct tooth. Mesepisternum with omaulus not carinate. Scutellum gently biconvex on anterior margin. Malus forming moderately large, triangular apical spine, inner margin of spine weakly pectinate. Foretarsal segments 1–3 with anterior lobes distinctly longer than posterior. Mid- and hindtarsi not swollen. Hindtibial spurs relatively stout, weakly curved along length, outer spur slightly shorter, more strongly curved than inner. Hind basitarsus with lateral margins of outer surface subparallel, lacking tooth on inner margin. T6 with small emargination in impunctate median truncation; T6 lateroapically with large, moderately pointed tooth, this tooth about same size and shape as T7 submedian tooth. T7 midapically with large, semicircular emargination, with teeth on either side of emargination subtriangular, about three-fourths as wide as width of emargination. S2 widely subtruncate, medially nearly straight; disc of S2 covering much of S 3 in repose. S3 with strong, triangular emargination, slightly wider than long (half entire width of sternum; Fig. 6A). S4 apical margin with carinae forming posteriorly directed trough of about same width along entire apical margin; midapically with poorly defined, subtriangular projection (about third width of entire sternum or slightly less), this projection appearing to overlay apical carinae such that it is directed further posteriorly (Fig. 6A). S5 apical margin shallowly, widely emarginate. S6 with margin broadly rounded. Gonoforceps swollen subapically, with distinct secondary projection arising from inner apical margin, this secondary projection apically swollen; gonoforceps more or less straight along length in lateral view.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from the state of Morelos, Mexico (Fig. 18).</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations.</b> Lamiaceae: <i>Salvia</i>.</p> <p> <b>Type Material.</b> Holotype female. “ Mexico Morelos Cuernavaca 13/ 14-XI-1987 F. D. Parker ”// “ Native Bee Survey USDA, Logan, Utah BBSL204537 ”// “ HOLOTYPE <i>Osmia gonzalezi</i> Griswold & Rightmyer ♀ HOLO77 [red label]” (LOGAN). Paratypes. Mexico, Morelos: Cuernavaca, 13 Nov 1987, FD Parker (2♀, LOGAN); Cuernavaca, 8 Nov–6 Dec 1987, FD Parker (1♀, LOGAN); Cuernavaca, 6 mi E, 1 Sep 1974, GE Bohart, WJ Hanson (3♂, LOGAN).</p> <p> <b>Additional Material. Mexico. Puebla:</b> Izucar de Matamoros, 159 km S, 20/ 23 Oct 1980, PE Blom, R Lindauer.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is patronymic, honoring our friend and colleague Victor Hugo Gonzalez Betancourt, for enthusiastically supporting and enriching our studies of megachilid bees.</p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on pages 11-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

Osmia (Diceratosmia) conjunctoides Robertson

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>conjunctoides</i> Robertson <p>(Fig. 1C)</p> <p> <i>Osmia conjunctoides</i> Robertson 1893: 276 [Lectotype male: Champaign]; Sandhouse 1939: 140 [synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>]; LaBerge (in Webb 1980): 118 [lectotype designation]; Rightmyer <i>et al</i>. 2011: 270 [rejection of synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>].</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia subfasciata conjunctoides</i> (Robertson); Michener 1949: 264. <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>subfasciata miamiensis</i> Mitchell 1962: 84 [Holotype female: Washington, D.C.]; Rightmyer <i>et al</i>. 2011: 270 [synonymy].</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Females of this species are distinguished from all other <i>Diceratosmia</i> by the nearly uniformly short, straight to distally curved hairs on the clypeus. These hairs are slightly longer and less uniform on the frons. These clypeal hairs are very similar to those of <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Melanosmia</i>) <i>calaminthae</i> Rightmyer, Ascher & Griswold; however, in <i>O. calaminthae</i> the punctures of the metasomal terga are smaller, there is no carinate ridge on the hind coxa, and the parapsidal line is punctiform. <i>Osmia conjunctoides</i> has historically been confused with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>; in addition to the diagnostic facial hair of <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> noted above, females of these two species may be distinguished by differences in the scopal hairs. In <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i>, the scopal hairs are tapered at their apical tips, while in <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> the scopal hairs are blunt, widened and slightly rounded at their apical tips (Fig 12A).</p> <p> Males of <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> are extremely similar to <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>, as these are the only known species of <i>Diceratosmia</i> in which the hairs on the apical margin of S4 are short, stout, and form an apical comb. In addition to generally being slightly larger (body length ca. 8–9 mm vs. 6–7 mm) and bluer bee than the greenish-blue <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>, <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> is distinguished from that species by several subtle but consistent features: the mesoscutum is more finely and densely punctate relative to the scutellum (<i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> with ca. 16 punctures between parapsidal line and midline, these punctures distinctly smaller than those on the scutellum; <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> with ca. 11 punctures between parapsidal line and midline, these punctures about the same size as those on the scutellum). In dorsal view, T1 of <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> is less concave along its anterior margin, while in <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> the anterior margin is strongly curved, forming anterolaterally rounded corners. In <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i>, the lower propodeal triangle tends to be weakly shagreened throughout, while in <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> the lower propodeal triangle tends to be shiny.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Southern Florida north to Georgia (St. Catherines Island) and Mississippi (Forrest County) (Fig. 18).</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations.</b> Fabaceae: <i>Crotalaria.</i></p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> Males of this species are extremely similar to those of <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>; although previous workers were able to detect differences in the males that merited subspecific recognition (Michener 1949, Hurd & Michener 1955), recent examination of the associated females has allowed us to recognize more distinctive characters and to justify recognizing <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> as species separate from <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> (Rightmyer <i>et al</i>. 2011).</p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

Osmia (Diceratosmia) azteca Cresson

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>azteca</i> Cresson <p>(Figs 1B, 9A)</p> <p> <i>Osmia azteca</i> Cresson 1878: 105 [Holotype female: Philadelphia].</p> <p> <i>Osmia erythrotricha</i> Cockerell 1912: 561 –562 [Holotype female: San Francisco]; Michener 1949: 260 [synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>azteca azteca</i>].</p> <p> <i>Osmia mea</i> Strand 1921: 303 [Holotype male: Eberswelde; not confirmed by present authors]; Tkalců 1986: 231 –232 [synonymy].</p> <p> <i>Osmia costaricensis</i> Friese 1925: 37 –38 [Syntype males and females: Berlin]; Michener 1949: 260 [synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>azteca costaricensis</i>].</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia azteca</i> (Cresson); Sandhouse 1939: 139.</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia azteca azteca</i> (Cresson); Michener 1949: 260.</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia azteca costaricensis</i> (Friese); Michener 1949: 260.</p> <p> <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>azteca</i> Cresson; Sinha 1958: 230.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Females of <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> can be distinguished from all other <i>Diceratosmia</i> by the combination of their large size (i.e., intertegular distance 3.0– 3.3 mm), dark brown to black (non-metallic) integument (metallic blue or green in other species), and reddish or golden orange scopal hairs (Fig. 9A). <i>Osmia azteca</i> are most similar to <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> based on their relatively large size and reddish or orange-golden scopal hairs (body size smaller and scopa white to pale golden in other species). In addition to the difference in integument color, female <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> differ from <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> by the much smaller projection on the apical tip of S6 (shorter than surrounding hairs in <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i>, longer than surrounding hairs in <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i>). In <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i>, the third tooth of the mandible is well differentiated from the fourth due to a relatively strong carina at the base of the third tooth and V-shaped emargination between the third and fourth teeth (third tooth only weakly differentiated from fourth in <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> due to a weak basal carina and very shallow U-shaped emargination between the two teeth). On the apical half of the mandible above the outer ridge in <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> hairs are sparse, suberect, slender and does not obscure the integument beneath, while in <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i>, hairs are decumbant, stout, spatulate and very dense such that they obscure the integument beneath.</p> <p> Males of <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> are readily distinguished from all other <i>Diceratosmia</i> due to their relatively large size (intertegular distance ca. 2.5 mm), dark brown to black integument, and reddish to pale golden hairs. The male of <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> is unknown but is likely to be of a similar size and potentially could have reddish golden hairs covering much of the body as in <i>O. azteca</i>, but is expected to have metallic blue-green integument as in the females that will distinguish it from <i>O. azteca</i>.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Mesoamerica. Recorded from central and southern Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica (Fig. 14).</p> <p> <b>Material Examined. Costa Rica</b>. <b>San José</b>: Escazu, 30 Jul 1985, FD Parker; Escazu, 27 Dec 1988, FD Parker; San Jose, 22 Apr 1989, FD Parker; 27 Dec 1987, FD Parker; Santa Ana, 3 mi S, 27 Dec 1988, FD Parker. <b>Guatemala</b>. <b>Sacatepéquez</b>: Antigua, 28 Sep 1982, H Suzuki. <b>Mexico</b>. <b>Chiapas</b>: Cerro Mozotal, SW slope, 22 Nov 1976, DE Breedlove, JA Breedlove; Paraje Vobits, 28 Oct 1976, DE Breedlove, JA Breedlove. <b>Distrito Federal</b>: El Pedregal de San Angel, 12 Nov 1991, T Griswold; El Pedregal de San Angel, 13 Nov 1991, T Griswold; Mexico City, 4 Nov 1987, C Dominguez; San Angel, Jul 1903, WL Tower & Schrammel. <b>Durango</b>: Durango, 16 mi W, 22 Oct 1957, HA Scullen. <b>Hidalgo</b>: Metzquititlan, 22 km SW, 11 Nov 1991, T Griswold; Metzquititlan, 4 km N, 11 Nov 1991, T Griswold; Pachuca, 10 mi E, 10 Jul 1963, HA Weems Jr; Sahagun, 7 Sep 1986, Rodriguez; Sahagun, 14 Sep 1986, Rodriguez; Zimapan, 8 Oct 1957, HA Scullen. <b>Jalisco</b>: El Aguacate, 14.7 mi SW Yahualica, 14 Sep 1986, DK Faulkner; La Soledad, 8 km SW La Manzanilla, 4 Nov 1990, CM Estrada; Tepatitlan, 3 Oct 1966 GE & AS Bohart; Tepatitlan, 17 Sep 1970, GE & RM Bohart. <b>Mexico</b>: Altocomulco, 18 Aug 1954. <b>Michoacán</b>: Taucitaro, 11 Oct 1982, R Ayala; Tzintzuntzán, N Patzcuaro, 26 Oct 1987, T Griswold. <b>Morelos:</b> Cuernavaca, 8 Nov 1987, FD Parker; Cuernavaca, 13 Nov 1987, FD Parker; Tepotzlan, 15 Oct 1980, R Murillo; Tepozltlan, 4.5 km NW, 14 Oct 1995, O Yáñez; Tepozltlan, 4.5 km NW, 27 Oct 1996, O Yáñez. <b>Puebla</b>: El Seco, 29 km SW, 6 Nov 1991 T Griswold; UDLA [Cholula], 30 Aug 1998. <b>Sonora</b>: Yecora, 17 Aug 1991, JG Rozen, N Pember. <b>Tlaxcala</b>: Huamantla, Parq. Nac. La Malinche, Cam. La Malinche-Carr. Apizac, 11 Sep 1998, T Griswold. <b>Zacatecas</b>: Salinas, 19 mi E, 10 Sep 1973, WJ Hanson, BA Haws; Tepechitlan, 35 km SW, 14 Sep 1984, WJ Pulawski.</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations.</b> Asteraceae: <i>Simsia lagascaeformis, Tagates, Tithonia, T. tubaeformis</i>; Nyctaginaceae: <i>Abronia minor</i>.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> <i>Osmia azteca</i> is unique among <i>Diceratosmia</i> in the complete lack of metallic color. Cockerell (1912: 561–562), when discussing the synonym <i>O</i>. <i>erythotricha</i> <i>,</i> commented upon the species’ similarity to the unrelated <i>O</i>. <i>pseudoaurulenta</i> Dours [= <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Helicosmia</i>) <i>tunensis</i> (Fabricius)], and speculated that the former might also use snail shells as a nesting substrate; however, the nesting biology for this species remains unknown. The holotype of <i>Osmia mea</i> was studied by one of us (TG) in 1984 during a study of osmiine types in European Museums. Notes at the time suggested its placement in the subgenus <i>Helicosmia</i> Thomson, under the mistaken assumption that it was a Palaearctic species. In retrospect the stout head, body size and coloration that would indicate <i>Helicosmia</i> could equally apply to <i>O. azteca.</i></p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

Osmia

Keys to <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <p>(modified from Michener 1949)</p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on page 3, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

Osmia (Diceratosmia) subfasciata Cresson 1872

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>subfasciata</i> Cresson <p>(Figs 6B, 8A, 12A)</p> <p> <i>Osmia subfasciata</i> Cresson 1872: 261 –262 [Lectotype female: Philadelphia]; Cockerell 1907: 37 [mistaken indication of type specimen in Boston]; Cresson 1916: 131 [Lectotype designation].</p> <p> <i>Osmia botitena</i> Cockerell 1909: 30 [Neotype female: Washington, D.C. Label data: “Lee Co. Tex [Texas] Birkmann// Neotype ♀ <i>Osmia botitena</i> Cockerell des. Rightmyer [red label]”]; Sandhouse 1939: 140 [synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>]. <b>new neotype designation.</b></p> <p> <i>Osmia punctata</i> Michener 1936: 85 –86 [Holotype female: San Francisco]; Sandhouse 1939: 140 [synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>]; Hurd & Michener 1955: 215 [synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata subfasciata</i>].</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia subfasicata</i> (Cresson); Michener 1947: 450.</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia subfasciata subfasciata</i> (Cresson); Michener 1949: 262 –263.</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia botitena</i> (Cockerell); Michener 1949: 261 –262 [rejection of synonymy with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>].</p> <p> <i>Diceratosmia subfasciata punctata</i> (Michener); Linsley 1946: 24 [behavior]; Michener 1949: 263 [diagnosis].</p> <p> <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>subfasciata</i> Cresson; Sinha 1958: 230.</p> <p> <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>botitena</i> Cockerell; Sinha 1958: 230.</p> <p> <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>subfasciata subfasciata</i> Cresson; Mitchell 1962: 83 –84.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Females of <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> are distinguished from all other small (i.e., intertegular distance 1.5–2.5 mm), metallic blue <i>Diceratosmia</i> by the following combination of characters: blunt, distally swollen hairs on the metasomal scopa, shiny lower half of the propodeal triangle, unmodified hairs on face (i.e., hairs on clypeus distinctly longer than F1, straight to distally curved but not cork-screw shaped), and mesepisternum with omaulus not carinate.</p> <p> Males of the widespread species <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> are extremely similar to the southeastern U. S. species <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i>, as these are the only known species of <i>Diceratosmia</i> in which the hairs on the apical margin of S4 are short, stout, and form an apical comb. <i>Osmia subfasciata</i> can be distinguished from <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> based on overall size and color, relative density of the punctures on the mesoscutum, integumental sculpturing of the propodeal triangle, and shape of T1. See Diagnosis under <i>O</i>. <i>conjunctoides</i> for further details.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Northern Mexico and USA from southeastern California and southern Nevada east to Alabama and South Carolina, and north to Colorado, Oklahoma, Illinois and New Jersey (Fig. 17).</p> <p> <b>Material Examined. Mexico</b>. <b>Coahuila de Zaraguza</b>: Cuatrocienegas, 18 km SW, 27 Mar 1992, D Yanega; Cuatrocienegas, 41 km SW, 29 Mar 1992, JL Neff; Cuatrocienegas, 42 km SW, 29 Mar 1992, R Brooks; Cuatrocienegas, 7 km N, 30 Mar 1992, JL Neff; Cuatrocienegas, 7 km N, Canon de la Charaterra, 30 Mar 1992, D Yanega; General Cepeda, 30 km W, 1 Apr 1992, JL Neff; Ocampo, 7 km SE, 28 Mar 1992, R Brooks. <b>Durango</b>: Mapimi Reserva Biosfera Preserva, Los Tanques, 18 Mar 1994, R Lopez. <b>Nuevo Leon</b>: Nuevo Laredo, 15 mi S, 22 Feb 1972, FD Parker. <b>Sonora</b>: Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 2 Apr 2006, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 4 Apr 2006, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 6 Apr 2005, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 22 Apr 2005, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 7 Apr 2006, RL Minckley. <b>Tamaulipas</b>: Pharr, 10 mi SW, 31 Mar 1946, CD Michener. <b>USA</b>. <b>Arizona</b>: Cochise Co, Apache, 2 mi N, 28 Apr 1963, B Vogel; Cochise Co, Chiricahua, 20 km NNW, 8 May 2004, ME Irwin; Cochise Co, Douglas, 36 mi E, 28 Mar 1963, B Vogel; Cochise Co, Peloncillo Mountains, Skeleton Canyon, 1 May 2004, ME Irwin; Cochise Co, Portal, 23 May 1985, R Parks; Cochise Co, San Bernardino NWR, 6 Apr 2006, RL Minckley; Cochise Co, San Bernardino NWR, 20 Apr 2006, A Romero; Maricopa Co, Wickenburg, 3 mi SW, 5 May 1964, PF Torchio; Mohave Co, Bill Williams River NWR, 25 Apr 2013, MC Miner; Mohave Co, Bill Williams River NWR, 23 May 2013, MC Miner; Pima Co, Madera Canyon Rec. Area, WT Wcislo; Pima Co, Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, 15 Apr 1961, RH Painter; Pima Co, Santa Rita Range Reserve, 4 Jun 1957, G Butler; Pima Co, Tucson, [no date, no collector]; Santa Cruz Co, Nogales, 20 Apr 1967, PF Torchio; Santa Cruz Co, Patagonia, 21 May 1955, GD Butler; Santa Cruz Co, Pena Blanca, 7 mi W, 9 Apr 1988, K Krombein; Yavapai Co, Aguila, 18 mi N, 6 Jun 1979, FD Parker; Yavapai Co, Aguila, 8 mi N, 6 Apr 1977, FD Parker; Yuma Co, Yuma, 26 Jun 1951, LA Carruth. <b>California</b>: Imperial Co, California Experiment Farm, Jun 1912, GC Bridwell; Inyo Co, Cow Creek Ranger Station, 26 Apr 1999, R Andrus; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 8 Apr 1939, EG Linsley; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 7 Apr 1939, EC VanDyke; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 14 Apr 1938, BE White; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 31 Mar 1951, PD Hurd; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 31 Mar 1957, EG Linsley; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 1 Apr 1951, EG Linsley; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 1 Apr 1951, JW MacSwain; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, 1 Apr 1951, PD Hurd; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley, 26 Apr 1965, TL Erwin; Riverside Co, Oasis, 2 mi N, 8 Mar 1936, EG Linsley; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 9 Apr 1985, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 30 Apr 1985, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 8 May 1984, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 12 Apr 1984, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 29 Apr 1985, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 6 May 1982, KW Cooper. <b>Colorado</b>: Baca Co, Stonington, south, 5 May 1949, TP Maslin. <b>Florida</b>: Hillsborough Co, Lutz, 17 Mar 1926, Krautwurm; <b>Illinois</b>: Pulaski Co, Pulaski, 1 Jun 1910, MA Cazier. <b>Kansas</b>: Barber Co, Medicine Lodge, 13 mi W, 17 Jun 1962, Michener; Clark Co, Jun 1962, FH Snow; Clay Co, Baldwin, JC Bridwell; Douglas Co, Lawrence, 28 Mar 1986, CD Michener; Hamilton Co, FH Snow; Kingman Co, Kingman, 8 km W, 10 May 1984 Michener, E Ordway; Meade Co, Meade County State Park, 7 Jun 1950, RH Beamer; Reno Co, Nickerson, 12mi W, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Rice Co, Alden, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Stafford Co, Hudson, 12 mi NE, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Stafford Co, Hudson, 4 mi N, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Stafford Co, Hudson, 8 mi NE, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; <b>Maryland</b>: Anne Arundel Co, Laurel, Patuxent Wildlife Refuge, 5 Jun 2001, Russell, Droege. <b>Mississippi</b>: Oktibbeha Co, Starkville, 6 May 1922, OE Earnest. <b>Misouri</b>: Mississippi Co, Charleston, 18 Apr 1917. <b>Nebraska</b>: Douglas Co, 10 May 2007, SW Droege. <b>Nevada</b>: Clark Co, Tecopa Road, 13 Apr 2000, R Andrus; Clark Co, Warm Springs Road, 2 May 1997, FD & JH Parker. <b>New Mexico</b>: Chaves Co, Sagebrush Valley Road, 1 May 2004, ME Irwin; Eddy Co, Lowe Ranch, 1 Jun 2010, JD Herndon; Eddy Co, Rattlesnake Springs, 19 May 2010, JD Herndon; Guadalupe Co, Dilia, 1 mi S, 6 Jun 1977, WJ Hanson; Hidalgo Co, Peloncillo Mountains, Skeleton Canyon, 1 May 2004, FD Parker, ME Irwin; Hidalgo Co, Rodeo, 11 mi N, 1 May 1969, J Rozen, M Favreau; Lincoln Co, Carrizozo, Rte 54, 15 May 1987, BN Danforth. <b>North Carolina</b>: Swain Co, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Deep Creek, 23 May 2002, T Griswold. <b>Oklahoma</b>: Alfalfa Co, Great Salt Plains NWR, vic Sand Creek, 22 Jun 1996, JF Barthell; Alfalfa Co, Great Salt Plains NWR, vic Sand Creek, 20 Jul 1996, JF Barthell; Carter Co, Ardmore, 21 Mar 1908, FC Bishopp; Cimarron Co, Black Mesa State Park, vic of Carrizo Creek, 25 Jun 1999, JF Barthell; Garfield Co, Drummond Diverse South, 6 May 2013, MS McCoshum; Woodward Co, Moorland, 29 km ENE, 11 May 1984, R Brooks, DB Wahl; Woodward Co, Moorland, 9.6 km NE, 12 May 1984, DB Wahl, CD Michener. <b>Pennsylvania</b>: Monroe Co, Marshalls Creek, 25 Mar 1939, CD Michener. <b>Texas</b>: Andrews Co, Midland, 11 Apr 1954, RH Beamer, LD Beamer; Aransas Co, Rockport, 10 mi N, 18 Apr 1952, Michener, A Wille; Bailey Co, Muleshoe Wildlife Refuge, 14 Apr 2013, SJ Galdek; Bailey Co, Muleshoe Wildlife Refuge, 13 May 2013, SJ Galdek; Bandera Co, Lost Maples State Park, 22 Mar 1985, Kovarik, Jones, Haack; Bastrop Co, Bastrop State Park, 11 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Bastrop Co, Bastrop State Park, 15 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Bastrop Co, McDade, 10 May 1954, RH Beamer; Bexar Co, Fort Sam Houston, 6 Apr 1953, M Wasbauer; Bexar Co, Fort Sam Houston, 20 Jun 1953, M Wasbauer; Bexar Co, Salado Creek, 21 Mar 1952, MS Wasbauer; Bexar Co, Salado Creek, 18 Apr 1952, K Stockley; Bexar Co, San Antonio, 19 Feb 1908, WF Fiske; Brewster Co, Alpine, 9 mi S, 19 Apr 1954, LD Beamer; Brewster Co, Big Bend National Park, Oak Canyon, 11 Apr 1986, TL Griswold; Brewster Co, Big Bend National Park, Oak Canyon, 11 Apr 1986, RT Griswold; Brewster Co, Government Spring, 13 Apr 1986, TL Griswold; Brewster Co, Government Spring, 13 Apr 1986, RT Griswold; Brewster Co, Marathon, 6 mi E, 12 Apr 1966, ER Jaycox; Burnet Co, Inks Lake State Park, 4 Apr 1981, CW Agnew; Caldwell Co, Luling, 30 Mar 1951, CDMichener, LD Beamer; Cameron Co, San Benito, 28 Mar 1951 CD Michener; Cameron Co, Santa Maria, 28 Mar 1951 RH Beamer; Cameron Co, Southmost, 27 Mar 1951, RH Beamer; Cameron Co, Southmost, 13 Apr 1950, RH Beamer; Culberson Co, Hwy 62 near SE corner Guadalupe Mountains National Park, 7 Apr 1986, TL Griswold; Culberson Co, Hwy 62 near SE corner Guadalupe Mountains National Park, 7 Apr 1986, RT Griswold; Dalas Co, Dallas, 31 Mar 1951, CD Michener; Dimmit Co, Carrizo Springs, 14 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Dimmit Co, Carrizo Springs, 6 mi SE, 14 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamer; Dimmit Co, Carrizo Springs, 9 mi NW, 11 Apr 1950, Michener, Rozens; Dimmitt Co, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, 9 Apr 1977, TP Friedlander; Ector Co, Odessa, 9 Apr 1954, LD Beamer; Ellis Co, Ennis, 15 Apr 1960; Gillespie Co, Cherry Springs, 20 Apr 193, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Cherry Springs, 21 Apr 193, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Harper, 7 Apr 1953, RH Beamer; Gillespie Co, Harper, 17 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Harper, 16 mi E, 18 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Kerrville, 10 mi N, 22 Apr 1953, RH Beamer; Gillespie Co, Stonewall, 16 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Goliad Co, Goliad, 8 May 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Goliad Co, Goliad, 16 mi E, 7 May 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Hidalgo Co, Bentsen Rio Grande Valley State Park, 13 Mar 1979, CC Porter; Hidalgo Co, Bentsen Rio Grande Valley State Park, nr. mission, 8 Apr 1986, C Porter; Hidalgo Co, Edinburg, Apr 1939, S & D Mulaik; Hidalgo Co, Mission, 1 Apr 1957, GR Ferguson; Hidalgo Co., McAllen Botanical Garden, 30 Mar 1986, C. Porter; Hidalgo Co., McAllen Botanical Garden, Mar 1974, C. Porter; Hidalgo Co., McAllen Botanical Garden, 3 Jun 1979, C. Porter; Hidalgo Co, Progreso, 10 Mar 1975, LB Koenig; Hidalgo Co, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, 13 Mar 1979, CW Agnew; Jackson Co, Edna, 4 Apr 1946, CD Michener; Jeff Davis Co, Fort Davis, 20 mi N, 4 Apr 1961, Rozen, Schrammel; Jeff Davis Co, Fort Davis, 20 mi N, 16 Apr 1961, Rozen, Schrammel; Jeff Davis Co, Musquiz Canyon, 12 mi SE Ft. Davis, 30 Apr 1961, JC Bequaert, K Roever; Jim Wells Co, Alfred, 29 Mar 1951, CD Michener, LD Beamer; Kerr Co, Kerrville, 12 Apr 1907, FC Pratt; Kerr Co, Kerrville, 22 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Kimble Co, Harper, 5 mi W, 29 Apr 1983, JC Schaffner; Kimble Co, Junction, 24 Apr 1986, WJ Pulawski; Kimble Co, Junction, 6 May 1986, WJ Pulawski; Kleberg Co, Kingsville, 20 mi SE, 2 May 1985, WJ Pulawski; Kleberg Co, Riviera, 6 mi E, 23 May 1979, JE Gillaspy; Lee Co, Giddinas, 10/ 15 May 1953, RH Beamer, LD Beamer; Lee Co, Lincoln, 6 mi E, 14 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Lee Co, Lincoln, 13 Apr 1953, RH Beamer; Llano Co, Llano, 21 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Mason Co, Mason, 10 mi N, 13 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Maverick Co, Quemado, 4 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Maverick Co, Quemado, 11 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Maverick Co, Quemado, 14 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Menard Co, Menard, 22 May 1945, H Parish; Menard Co, Menard, 14 mi S, 2 Jun 1975, Michener; Milam Co, Cameron, 9 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, Rh Beamer; Milam Co, Rockdale, 9 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Mitchell Co, Colorado City, 7 Apr 1954, RH Beamer; Mitchell Co, Westbrook, 7 Apr 1954, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Nacogdoches Co, Nacogdoches, 4 Mar 1961; Nacogdoches Co, Nacogdoches, 12 Mar 1962, E Waits; Nacogdoches Co, Nacogdoches, 10 May 1962, AF Shinn; Refugio Co, Refugio, 10 mi S, 4 Apr 1946, CD Michener; Refugio Co, Tivoli, 5 mi SW, 18 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Robertson Co, 0.5 mi E jct Hwys 6 & OSR, 25 May 1980, SJ Merritt; San Patricio Co, Welder Wildlife Refuge, 6 Apr 1989, EA Sugden; Shackelford Co, Albany, 3 Apr 1954, RH Beamer; Somervell Co, Comanche Peak Elec.Sta., 6 mi N Glen Rose, 16 Jun 1979, JP Cuda; Sutton Co, Sonora, 10 Apr 1950, Beamers, Stephen; Sutton Co, Sonora, 4 May 1954, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Sutton Co, Sonora, 30 mi S, 10 Apr 1950, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Sutton Co, Sonora, 36 mi S, 10 Apr 1950, Michener, Rozens; Taylor Co, Abilene, 7 Apr 1954, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Tom Green Co, Christoval, 9 Apr 1950, Michener, Rozens; Travis Co, Austin, 14 Mar 1900, AL Melander; Travis Co, Austin, 17 Apr 1902, AL Melander; Travis Co, Austin, 2 May 1980, PD Hurd; Travis Co, Austin, 4 mi NE, 31 May 1975, Michener; Uvalde Co, Uvalde, 144 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Uvalde Co, Concan, 8 mi S, 14 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Val Verde Co, Del Rio, 15 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamers; Val Verde Co, Del Rio, 12 mi N, 12 Apr 1966, ER Jaycox; Val Verde Co, Del Rio, 16 mi SE, 10 Apr 1950, Beamers, Stephen; Val Verde Co, Sonora, 60 mi S, 10 Apr 1950, Beamers, Stephen; Webb Co, Junction Hwy 83 & 44, 20 Mar 1989, EA Sugden; Webb Co, Laredo, 2 mi N, 15 Apr 1952, Michener, A Wille; Willacy Co, Harlingen, 15mi N, 2 Apr 1946, CD Michener; Wise Co, Decatur, 9 mi S, 4 Apr 1951; Young Co, Olney, 10 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer.</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations.</b> Anacardiaceae: <i>Rhus aromatica</i>; Asteraceae: <i>Aster tanacetifolius, Baileya, Clappia suaedifolia, Erigeron philadelphicus, Gaillardia suavis, Hymenoxys, Machaeranthera tanacetifolia, Pluchea sericea, Senecio longilobus</i>; Boraginaceae: <i>Heliotropium, Nama dichotomum, N. hispidum, Phacelia glandulosa, P. patuliflora</i>; Brassicaceae: <i>Lesquerella, Stanleya pinnata</i>; Cactaceae: <i>Opuntia leptocaulis</i>; <i>Opuntia phaeacantha</i>; Fabaceae: <i>Acacia greggii, Astragalus, Cercis canadensis, Lupinus, Medicago minima, Melilotus officinalis, Parkinsonia, Prosopis glandulosa, P. juliflora, Vicia ludoviciana</i>; Lamiaceae: <i>Brazoria truncata, Marrubium vulgare, Monarda, Nepeta cataria, Prunella vulgaris, Salvia reflexa</i>; Malvaceae: <i>Callirhoe involucrata, Sphaeralcea coccinea</i>; Plantaginaceae: <i>Maurandya antirrhiniflora</i>; Portulacaceae: <i>Claytonia virginica</i>; Rhamnaceae: <i>Colubrina texensis</i>, <i>Condalia</i>; Rosaceae: <i>Pyrus</i>; Salicaceae: <i>Salix longifolia, S. nigra, S. reflexa</i>; Solanaceae: <i>Chamaesaracha coniodes</i>; Zygophyllaceae: <i>Larrea.</i></p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> According to Michener (1949: 261), the holotype female of <i>O</i>. <i>botitena</i> is lost. Subsequent searches for the holotype by both authors have not recovered the type, so we herein designate a neotype of the species for nomenclatorial stability. The original description of the species (Cockerell 1909) gives the following collection locality of the type “Lee County, TX, April 23 1906, Birkmann, no. 99”, therefore we selected a topotypical specimen collected by Birkmann. In the same publication, Cockerell (ibid) stated that the species is “Closely related in all respects to <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>... but the abdomen is conspicuously broader and the punctures on the posterior segments are not large and coarse as they are in <i>subfasciata</i>... The head in <i>O</i>. <i>botitena</i> is somewhat broader than long; in <i>subfasciata</i> the reverse is the case.”</p> <p> Michener (1949:261) gave the following commentary on the species: “[the type of <i>O</i>. <i>botitena</i>] was before me, in the Cockerell collection, when I wrote (Michener, 1936), ‘Top of head and thorax green, the punctures smaller (than in <i>subfasciata</i>) and about as close as they can be except in center of scutum.’... The male of <i>botitena</i> is thought to be <i>marilaunidii</i> although, admittedly, in the absence of more information about the female (<i>botitena</i>), this is subject to some doubt.”</p> <p> Michener (1936: 85–86) gave a key to separate <i>O</i>. <i>punctata</i>, <i>O</i>. <i>botitena</i>, and <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i>, which he considered to be distinct species at that time. Based on additional material, Hurd and Michener (1955) subsequently synonymized <i>O</i>. <i>punctata</i> with <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata</i> s. str., recognizing only the subspecies <i>O</i>. <i>subfasicata subfasciata</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>subfasciata conjunctoides</i>. Hurd & Michener (ibid) gave a detailed account of the species in California, as well as diverse variety of floral records from collection events in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.</p> <p> <i>Osmia subfasciata</i> is polyletic (Neff & Simpson 1992) and nests in abandoned beetle burrows (Linsley 1946, Mitchell 1962), snail shells (Neff & Simpson 1992) (summarized in Hurd 1979, Cane <i>et al</i>. 2007), and accepts wooden trapnests (Krombein 1967, Neff & Simpson 1992). Linsley (1946) gave a description of the nest sites and pollination of alfalfa including tripping rates, while Krombein (1967) and Neff & Simpson (1992) provide additional information about the nest architecture, life history, predators and parasites.</p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on pages 21-24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

Osmia (Diceratosmia) stangei Genaro 2001: 1029

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>stangei</i> Genaro <p>(Figs 4B, 11B)</p> <p> <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>stangei</i> Genaro 2001: 1029 –1030. [Holotype male: Gainesville]</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Osmia stangei</i> is distinguished from all other North American <i>Osmia</i> by the posteriorly emarginate axillae, each of which forms a distinct posterolateral angle. Males of this species are also distinguished from all other <i>Diceratosmia</i> except <i>O</i>. <i>aliciae</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i> by the evenly convex, not emarginate, S3. Both sexes are similar to the known male of <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i> (but not <i>O</i>. <i>aliciae</i>) by the carinate omaulus; however, in <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i>, the omaulus is developed into a very strong carina, while in <i>O</i>. <i>stangei</i> the omaulus is weakly carinate. Males of <i>O</i>. <i>stangei</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i> are clearly distinguished by the length of F1 (subequal to F 2 in <i>O</i>. <i>stangei</i>, nearly half the length of F 2 in <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i>), as well as the long tuft of hair medioapically on S 3 in <i>O</i>. <i>stangei</i> (S3 with broad, short tuft of hair medioapically in <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i>) and the lack of pits or pockets in the suture between the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum (three pockets present in this suture in <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i>).</p> <p> Although the female of <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i> is not currently known, it is expected to have a carinate omaulus since this structure is conserved between sexes; unlike females of <i>O</i>. <i>stangei</i>, the female of <i>O</i>. <i>lacunosa</i> is expected to have pits or pockets in the suture anterior to the mesoscutellum.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Endemic to Hispaniola, perhaps restricted to coastal areas. Described from two proximal sites on the northernmost coast of the Dominican Republic, the new record expands the distribution to the southernmost coast of the Dominican Republic (Fig. 18).</p> <p> <b>Material Examined.</b> Dominican Republic: Prov. Pedernales, Cabo Rojo, 8.5 km N, 30m, 9 Aug 1999, M.A. Ivie, beating vegetation; Prov. Pedernales, Sabana de Sansón. 18 Aug 1973, F. Marcano.</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations</b>. Aracaceae: <i>Haitiella ekmanii.</i></p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

Osmia (Diceratosmia) spinulifera Griswold & Rightmyer 2017, new species

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>spinulifera</i> new species <p>(Figs 3A, 5B, 11A)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Female <i>O. spinulifera</i> share with <i>O. aliciae</i> and <i>O. gonzalezi</i> the distinctive erect, modified hairs of the clypeus and frons, and the shagreened, sparsely punctate frons (Figs 2B, 2C) that distinguish them from all other <i>Osmia.</i> This group also differs from other <i>Diceratosmia</i> in the acutely angled apex of the forebasitarsus. From <i>O. aliciae</i> and <i>O. gonzalezi</i> it can be distinguished by the shiny rather than dull clypeus (Fig. 5B vs Fig. 5A) and spiracle on T1 surmounted by an acute angle (Fig. 3A vs Fig. 3B). The male is unknown.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female</b>. Total length: ca. 9 mm; forewing length: 6.5 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital margin: 0.5 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.5 mm.</p> <p> <i>Color</i>: Head and dorsum of mesosoma blue-green, mesosoma laterally blue, metasoma green, except with brown integument on mouthparts, labrum, apical edge of clypeus, antenna, posterior half of tegula, tibiae, tarsi, inner surfaces of femora; dark brown with green overtones on mandible basally; brown with strong purple overtones on outer surfaces of tibiae. Hindtibial spurs yellow. Wings moderately infuscate.</p> <p> <i>Pubescence</i>: White, plumose hairs on body except minutely branched on outer surfaces of mid and hind legs, tergal marginal fringes, fringe of S6; golden to pale golden on mandible, face; stouter golden hairs on inner surfaces of all tarsi. Labrum with erect golden apical fringe and transverse fringe medially. Hairs of clypeus and frons mostly hooked apically. Scopal hairs brilliant white; S6 with short, moderately dense, suberect, white hairs.</p> <p> <i>Punctation</i>: Head with punctures ovate to circular, contiguous or nearly so and deeply impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate on basal half; clypeus with apical truncation narrowly impunctate apically (ca. puncture width); paraocular area dorsally with punctures less strongly impressed. Frons sparsely punctate with integument between punctures strongly granulose, much duller than integument on remainder of face including clypeus. Mesosoma with punctures round, nearly contiguous, deeply impressed except as follows: mesoscutum with punctures extremely dense, causing integument to appear roughened and dull on anterior half, punctures much finer anteriorly, especially medially; tegula with punctures minute, most dense anteriorly, nearly absent centrally; mesepisternum and metepisternum with punctures separated by up to 0.5 puncture diameter in places, with one to three micropunctures between larger punctures; metanotum and lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum with punctures separated by up to two puncture diameters, with background integument weakly shagreened to granulose, duller than mesepisternum and scutellum; propodeal triangle moderately lineolate to reticulate on dorsal half with some strong rugulae basally, shagreened on lower half; legs with punctures on outer surfaces fine, more irregular, more weakly impressed, with inner surfaces of trochanters, femora, and fore- and midtibiae shinyto weakly shagreened, with scattered smaller punctures. T1 with anterior, lateral surfaces polished, shiny, almost impunctate; terga with dorsal surfaces between punctures shiny; punctures round, well impressed, nearly contiguous; punctures denser, smaller along apical margins of all terga (usually obscured by dense hair fringes). S2–S5 with coarse, dense punctures, S6 rather finely punctate.</p> <p> <i>Structure</i>: Maxillary palpus five-segmented, fifth segment minute; labial palpus with second segment ca. 1.5x longer than basal segment. Mandible with condylar ridge thicker than outer ridge, these ridges parallel along most of length; apical margin apparently with three teeth (mandible somewhat worn), third tooth not evident; inner, ventral margin of mandible lacking distinct tooth, distinctly carinate for apical two-thirds, diverging well away from condylar ridge towards inner, dorsal margin of mandible; mandible apically widened (1.7 times wider than median width), first tooth length much longer than second, second tooth located midway between first and fourth tooth. Clypeus gently but distinctly convex, apical margin forming distinct straight truncation, not scoop-shaped in oblique view, in anterior view margin very weakly concave, and forming ca. 130 degree angle with lateral apical margin of clypeus. F1 almost twice as long as F2 length, remaining flagellar segments gradually increasing in length such that F10 twice as long as F1. Vertex behind lateral ocellus ca. 3.1 OD in length. Genal width ca. 1.4 times compound eye width in lateral view. Preoccipital margin rounded, not carinate. Hypostomal carina moderate throughout, not highest at midpoint of hypostomal area posterior to angle, slightly lower at angle. Mesepisternum with anterior face at right angle to lateral face but omaulus not carinate. Scutellum gently biconvex on anterior margin. Axilla gently convex laterally. Malus forming short, pointed apical spine, this spine minutely pectinate on inner margin. Fore basitarsus acutely angled apically; second and third foretarsi with lobes strongly swollen, anterior lobes much longer than posterior. Hindtibial spurs more or less straight along length, only very weakly curved on apical sixth, outer spur about one sixth shorter than inner. Hind basitarsus with lateral margins slightly convex, widest before midpoint. T1 anterior and dorsal surfaces separated by weak carina; T1 spiracle surmounted by acute angle (Fig. 3A). S6 with apical margin slightly, roundly angled medially.</p> <p> <b>Male.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from the state of Coahuila, Mexico (Fig. 18).</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations.</b> None.</p> <p> <b>Holotype female.</b> “ ECOAB.67357 Méx., Coah., Arteaga C. Art. -Carbo., 1936 m 25,46 N, 100,75 W 30/7/ 2013, 09L40, Col. Jorge Mérida // HOLOTYPE <i>Osmia spinulifera</i> Griswold & Rightmyer ♀ HOLO 78 [red label]” (SAN CRISTÓBAL DE LAS CASAS).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The name comes from the Latin <i>spinula</i>, small thorn, and the suffix <i>–fer</i>, to bear or carry, in reference to the small pointed projection that partially covers the spiracle on the first metasomal tergum.</p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt

FIGURE 18 in A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)

FIGURE 18. Known distributions of O. conjunctoides (green triangles), O. exquisita (white circles), O. gonzalezi (red circles), O. lacunosa (yellow circles), O. spinulifera (blue circles), and O. stangei (purple triangles). Scale bar = 200 km

FIGURE 1 in A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)

FIGURE 1. Female mandibles: A) O. marilaunidii (DRO0115730), B) O. azteca (34211), C) O. conjunctoides (BBSL204519), D) O. exquisita (BBSL989169). Scale bar = 0.25 mm.Published as part of Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/101403

Osmia (Diceratosmia) exquisita Griswold & Rightmyer 2017, new species

<i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <i>exquisita</i> new species <p>(Figs 1D, 9B)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Females of <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> are readily distinguished from all other <i>Diceratosmia</i> except <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> by their large size (intertegular distance ca. 3.5 mm), reddish golden scopa (Fig. 9B), and small projection on the apical tip of S6. Females of <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> have blue integument on the face and brassy green on the remainder of the body, while in <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> the integument is very dark brown to black. <i>Osmia exquisita</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> are additionally distinguished by characters of the mandible and S6 (see Diagnosis under <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i>).</p> <p> The male of <i>O</i>. <i>exquisita</i> is unknown, but is expected to differ from other <i>Diceratosmia</i> by the combination of its large size and metallic green integument. <i>Osmia azteca</i> is the only other known <i>Diceratosmia</i> with such a large size, but in <i>O</i>. <i>azteca</i> the integument is dark brown to black rather than metallic blue or green.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female</b>. Total length: ca. 15 mm; forewing length: 10 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital margin: 1.3 mm; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.7 mm.</p> <p> <i>Color</i>: Royal blue on face and lower gena; brassy green with dull, grayish blue inflections on vertex, upper gena and remainder of body, except as follows: orange-brown integument on mouthparts, antenna distal to F3, posterior three-fourths of tegula, tarsi; dark brown on antenna basal to F3, mid and hind legs between trochanters and tarsi, apical margins of T4–T6; black on mandible, apical edge of clypeus. Forewing more strongly infuscate than hindwing.</p> <p> <i>Pubescence</i>: Hairs entirely golden to reddish golden, except brown on wings. Labrum with long hairs along subapical margin (surface of labrum not visible, unable to determine if additional fringe at approximate midpointis present). Clypeus below apical margin with lateral tuft of reddish golden, medially directed hairs. Mandible on apical half above outer ridge with dense, golden, stout, spatulate, appressed hairs, on ventral margin with hairs relatively long and sparse. Hypostomal area with straight, branched hairs evenly distributed across area. Head with hairs mostly minutely branched, nearly simple, except more distinctly plumose hairs on paraocular area, frons above paraocular area, lower gena, and hypostomal area; simple hairs on mouthparts and labrum, and stout, simple hairs on apical half of mandible above outer ridge. Mesosoma, excluding legs and wings, with hairs mostly minutely branched to plumose, except mostly simple on ventral surface of mesepisternum. Legs with hairs on outer surfaces pale golden except darker reddish golden on inner surfaces of tibiae; femora outer surfaces with hairs relatively slender and minutely branched or simple; tibiae and tarsiouter surfaces with hairs mostly simple, hindbasitarsus with hairs appressed, simple, relatively stout. Wing membranes with short, dense, evenly distributed, simple hairs. Scopa reddish golden, with hairs tapered at apical tips.</p> <p> <i>Punctation</i>: Head and mesosoma with punctures nearly contiguous, round, strongly impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate; clypeus with medioapical truncation impunctate for length of F1 or slightly less; supraclypeal area with punctures separated by up to one puncture diameter; vertex with impunctate line posterior to median ocellus; mesoscutum immediately posterior to median longitudinal sulcus with punctures separated by up to one puncture diameter; hypostomal area anteriorly, pronotum, propodeum, and legs with punctures shallowly impressed, sometimes elongated into oval shape; tegula with punctures minute, dense at anterior third and at outer margin, sparse medially and posteriorly (separated by up to eight puncture diameters); propodeum near propodeal pit with punctures sparse and integument shiny; propodeal triangle with dorsal fourth moderately reticulate to lineate, lower three-fourth strongly shiny, glabrous (sometimes weakly shagreened immediately below reticulate area medially). T1 anterior surface shiny. Metasomal terga with dorsal surfaces (excluding impunctate apical margins) dull, densely punctate, punctures nearly contiguous to separated by one puncture diameter. T1–T2 apical impunctate bands relatively narrow laterally, ca. one puncture diameter in length or less, medially with impunctate bands widened, up to four puncture diameters in length at exact midpoint. T3–T5 with apical impunctate bands laterally 1–2 puncture diameters in length; medially 3–4 puncture diameters in length. T6 apical impunctate band well defined, ca. 4–5 puncture diameters in length.</p> <p> <i>Structure</i>: Maxillary palpus four-segmented; second labial palpal segment ca. 1.3x longer than basal segment. Mandible (Fig. 1D) with outer and condylar ridges of subequal thickness or with condylar ridge slightly thicker, parallel along length; apical margin with four teeth, third poorly separated from second and fourth by very weak carina, margin of third tooth forming distinct V-shape with adjacent margin of second and very weakly curved Ushape with adjacent margin of fourth, third tooth weakly set back from second and fourth; inner, ventral margin of mandible lacking distinct tooth, diverging well away from condylar ridge towards inner, dorsal margin of mandible; mandible with basal half of ventral margin distinctly carinate; mandible apically widened (1.7 times wider than median width), first tooth length much longer than second (dorsal margin of first tooth twice length of ventral margin of second), second tooth located slightly closer to fourth tooth than first. Clypeus with apical margin forming slightly scoop-shaped truncation (in oblique view), apical margin linear or weakly concave along truncation and forming ca. 130 degree angle with lateral apical margin of clypeus. F1 one-half longer than F2 length or slightly less, remaining apical flagellar segments gradually increasing in length such that F10 ca. onefourth longer than F1 length. Vertex behind lateral ocellus ca. 5.0 OD in length or slightly less. Genal width ca. 1.3 times compound eye width in lateral view. Preoccipital margin angled but not distinctly carinate. Hypostomal carina moderately high, highest at about midpoint of hypostomal area posterior to angle, not forming triangular projection at this point but forming distinct, semicircular projection, tapering to low carina or near obsolescence at angle. Mesepisternum with omaulus broadly rounded, not approaching carinate. Scutellum on anterior margin straight, not gently biconvex. Malus forming long, pointed apical spine, this spine minutely pectinate on inner margin. Foretarsi excluding basitarsus and apical-most segment with lobes moderately to weakly swollen, anterior lobes slightly longer than posterior. Hindtibial spurs more or less straight along length to weakly curved on apical sixth, outer spur about one fifth shorter than inner. Hind basitarsus with lateral margins of outer surface nearly parallel, sub-basally slightly wider than apically. T1 anterior and dorsal surfaces separated by weak carina.</p> <p> <b>Male.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from Comayagüela, Francisco Morazán, Honduras (Fig. 18).</p> <p> <b>Floral Associations</b>. None.</p> <p> <b>Type Material.</b> Holotype female. “HONDURAS Fran. Mor. [Francisco Morazán] Comayaguela 1–31 Oct 1995 B. J. Hull// <i>Osmia</i> (<i>Diceratosmia</i>) <b>n. sp.</b> 4 ♀ T. Griswold det.// HOLOTYPE <i>Osmia exquisita</i> Griswold & Rightmyer ♀ HOLO76 [red label]” (LOGAN). Paratype. HONDURAS, Francisco Morazán, Comayagüela, 1–31 October 1995, B. J. Hull (1♀, LOGAN).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is named after the Latin word “exquisitus”, meaning elegant or fine, in reference to the overall beauty of this bee.</p>Published as part of <i>Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-37 in Zootaxa 4337 (1)</i> on pages 8-11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1014033">http://zenodo.org/record/1014033</a&gt