Relations between genetic ancestry and breast cancer characteristics within racial/ethnic subgroups. Genetic ancestry divided into fifths within each subgroup.

+<p>p<0.20,</p><p>*p<0.10,</p><p>**p<0.05,</p><p>***p<0.01.</p><p>OR, odds ratio from logistic regression comparing the highest versus the lowest fifth of the subsample distribution.</p>a<p>Adjusted for health insurance, income, education, disadvantage, affluence, nulliparity, and age at first and last birth.</p><p>Relations between genetic ancestry and breast cancer characteristics within racial/ethnic subgroups. Genetic ancestry divided into fifths within each subgroup.</p

Differential circulating levels of HSP-27 in chronic and aggressive periodontitis

Session: Periodontal Research-Pathogenesis: Systemic Conditions and Responses: Oral Presentation no. 1748Objectives: Heat-shock protein (Hsp) 27 is a major intracellular molecular chaperone and controller of intracellular responses to inflammatory signals. Recombinant Hsp27 is also able to modulate myeloid cell activity with the protein showing an anti-inflammatory mode of action in vitro. The aim of this study was to assess a potential role of circulating levels of Hsp27 in periodontitis. Methods: Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as stress proteins Hsp27 and Hsp60 with anti- and pro-inflammatory properties, respectively, were measured by two-site ELISA in the serum of patients with Chronic periodontitis (CP, n=29), Aggressive Periodontitis (AgP, n=30) and periodontally healthy controls (H, n=28). Furthermore, Hsp27 and Hsp60 levels were also measured longitudinally in 12 AgP patients at 6 time-points after treatment (from baseline to 3-months after treatment). Results: AgP patients had lower levels of Hsp27 compared with CP and H subjects (adjusted one-way ANOVA p<0.001, followed by post-hoc Tukey HSD comparisons), while no difference in levels of cytokines or Hsp60 between the three groups, and in Hsp27 levels in healthy individuals or in chronic periodontitis patients were detected. A positive correlation was detected between Hsp27 levels and Hsp60 (r=0.49, p<0.001) and IL-6 levels (r=0.354, p<0.001). No consistent patterns of changes in Hsp27 circulating levels were detected following treatment of AgP cases. Conclusions: Circulating Hsp27 levels were associated with other cytokines levels, confirming its possible involvement in the periodontal inflammatory process. This study shows for the first time lower circulating Hsp27 in AgP patients, suggesting that this heat-shock protein may be differentially expressed in aggressive and chronic periodontitis

Association of Genetic Ancestry with Breast Cancer in Ethnically Diverse Women from Chicago

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Non-Hispanic (nH) Black and Hispanic women are disproportionately affected by early onset disease, later stage, and with more aggressive, higher grade and ER/PR negative breast cancers. The purpose of this analysis was to examine whether genetic ancestry could account for these variation in breast cancer characteristics, once data were stratified by self-reported race/ethnicity and adjusted for potential confounding by social and behavioral factors.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We used a panel of 100 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) to estimate individual genetic ancestry in 656 women from the “Breast Cancer Care in Chicago” study, a multi-ethnic cohort of breast cancer patients to examine the association between individual genetic ancestry and breast cancer characteristics. In addition we examined the association of individual AIMs and breast cancer to identify genes/regions that may potentially play a role in breast cancer disease disparities.</p><p>Results</p><p>As expected, nH Black and Hispanic patients were more likely than nH White patients to be diagnosed at later stages, with higher grade, and with ER/PR negative tumors. Higher European genetic ancestry was protective against later stage at diagnosis (OR 0.7 95%CI: 0.54–0.92) among Hispanic patients, and higher grade (OR 0.73, 95%CI: 0.56–0.95) among nH Black patients. After adjustment for multiple social and behavioral risk factors, the association with later stage remained, while the association with grade was not significant. We also found that the AIM SNP rs10954631 on chromosome 7 was associated with later stage (p = 0.02) and higher grade (p = 0.012) in nH Whites and later stage (p = 0.03) in nH Blacks.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Non-European genetic ancestry was associated with later stage at diagnosis in ethnic minorities. The relation between genetic ancestry and stage at diagnosis may be due to genetic factors and/or unmeasured environmental factors that are overrepresented within certain racial/ethnic groups.</p></div

The distribution of European ancestry, West African ancestry, and Native American genetic ancestry stratified on self-reported race/ethnicity.

<p>The distribution of European ancestry, West African ancestry, and Native American genetic ancestry stratified on self-reported race/ethnicity.</p

Descriptive and tumor characteristics of the BCCC sample stratified by self-reported race/ethnicity.

<p>P-values for categorical variables are from χ² tests and from ANOVA for continuous variables for differences according to self-reported race/ethnicity.</p><p>Descriptive and tumor characteristics of the BCCC sample stratified by self-reported race/ethnicity.</p

Serum aldosterone level by AF status and <i>CYP11B2</i> genotype.

<p>Serum aldosterone level by AF status and <i>CYP11B2</i> genotype.</p

Unadjusted and adjusted (marginal standardization) proportions of individuals among <i>CYP11B2</i>−344T>C genotype groups with AF.

<p>Unadjusted and adjusted (marginal standardization) proportions of individuals among <i>CYP11B2</i>−344T>C genotype groups with AF.</p

Characteristics of the total cohort and according to <i>CYP11B2</i> −344T>C genotype.

<p>Count (%), mean ± SD, or median (interquartile range).</p>*<p>p = 0.007 value for comparison between genotype groups.</p>**<p>p = 0.03 value for comparison between genotype groups.</p><p>ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; AF, atrial fibrillation; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; CrCl, creatinine clearance; MR, mitral regurgitation; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; LA, left atrium; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; NYHA, New York Heart Association.</p

Patient characteristics according atrial fibrillation status.

<p>Count. (%), mean ± SD, or median (interquartile range).</p><p>ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; AF, atrial fibrillation; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; CrCl, creatinine clearance; MR, mitral regurgitation; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; LA, left atrium; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; NYHA, New York Heart Association.</p

Predictors of atrial fibrillation in multiple logistic regression analysis.

<p>LA, left atrial; CrCl, creatinine clearance.</p><p>Adjusted for age, sex, body size (BMI), mitral regurgitation, systemic hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, left atrial size, creatinine clearance, and percent European ancestry.</p>*<p>Empirical p value generated by permuting the CC genotype term in the logistic model (10,000 reps). The p values represents the proportion of permutations that led to a coefficient on the CC term at least as large as the one observed in the actual sample.</p