Quinone redox status is altered by some NRTIs.

<p>The redox state of the UQ₉ pool is presented as percentage reduced (i.e. UQ₉-H₂) of the total UQ₉ pool. Error bars indicate standard error. * = P ≤ 0,05.</p

Concentration dependent decrease of mtDNA.

<p>Synchronised L1 worms were put on a plate with FLT and experiments were performed after 72hrs of continuous exposure. In FLT exposed animals, the reduction of mtDNA is concentration dependent. Error bars represent 95% CI (df = 16). Significance was determined using a two-tailed student’s T test assuming unequal variances. P-value was <0.001 for all reported concentrations.</p

Oxygen consumption rates in NRTI exposed worms.

<p>Drug concentration was 100μM in all experiments. FLT and AZT exposed worms show a significantly reduced oxygen consumption rate compared to unexposed animals. C = Control, ** p-value <0.01, *** p-value <0.001. Significance was determined using a two tailed student’s t-test assuming unequal variance.</p

Recovery of mtDNA after cessation of exposure.

<p>Worms are exposed to FLT (200 μM) from D1 of adulthood onwards for 72hrs after which they are transferred to plates without FLT. This results in a recovery of mtDNA. Error bars show the 95% C.I. (df = 16). C = untreated worms, T = #hr after transfer, 4d = 4days of continuous exposure. Significance was determined using a two-tailed student’s T test assuming unequal variances. ***P-value <0.001 compared to unexposed animals. ns: not significant compared to unexposed animals.</p

Relative quantities of mtDNA compared to unexposed animals.

<p>P-value was determined compared to unexposed animals. Significance was determined using a two-tailed student’s T-test assuming unequal variance. Numbers between parentheses indicate 95% confidence intervals (16df)</p><p>* p-value <0.05</p><p>** p-value <0.01</p><p>*** p-value <0.001</p><p>ns: not significant.</p><p>Relative quantities of mtDNA compared to unexposed animals.</p

5-weekly smoothed prevalence (%) of enteropathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasites per age group in months.

<p>5-weekly smoothed prevalence (%) of enteropathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasites per age group in months.</p

Prevalence of enteropathogens in the feces of children attending day care from March 2010 through March 2013 in the Netherlands.

<p>*The total number of fecal samples positive for a specific enteropathogen divided by the total number of fecal samples analyzed.</p><p>**Prevalence estimates are based on a 0–2 year old child with no gastrointestinal symptoms sampled during the winter in the year 2011/2012 using pathogen-specific multilevel mixed-effects (MME) logistic regression models. These models were fitted with two random-effects, one at the level of the DCC and one at the level of the individual child, and were used to estimate the associations between the age, season, year and gastrointestinal symptoms at time of sampling and the presence of the enteropathogen under study. Using the fitted MME logistic regression models, we estimated the enteropathogen prevalence in the feces of an asymptomatic child aged of 0–2 years old during the winter season in 2011/2012.</p><p>***Significant odds ratios (ORs) are indicated in boldface.</p><p>****Given the small number of detections the crude, rather than the estimated, prevalence, is given.</p

5-weekly smoothed prevalence (%) of enteropathogens of bacterial (2A), parasitic (2B) and viral (2C) origin measured during the study period.

<p>5-weekly smoothed prevalence (%) of enteropathogens of bacterial (2A), parasitic (2B) and viral (2C) origin measured during the study period.</p