2,831 research outputs found
Recall of Group Tasks as a Function of Group Cohesiveness and Interruption of Tasks
The paper demonstrates that the motivational concepts underlying the Zeigarnik effect pertaining to individuals attempting to achieve their personal goals can be applied to individuals who are working to attain the group goals. However, this is true only for individuals in cohesive groups as opposed to noncohesive groups
Versatile Control System for Automated Single-Molecule Optical Tweezers Investigations
We present a versatile control system to automate single-molecule biophysics experiments. This method combines low-level controls into various functional, user-configurable modules, which can be scripted in a domain-specific instruction language. The ease with which the high-level parameters can be changed accelerates the development of a durable experiment for the perishable single-molecule samples. Once the experimental parameters are tuned, the control system can be used to repeatedly manipulate other single molecules in the same way, which is necessary to accumulate the statistics needed to report results from single-molecule studies. This system has been implemented for an optical tweezers instrument for single-molecule manipulations, with real-time point-by-point feedback at a loop rate of 10-20 kHz
Subgraphs and Colourability of Locatable Graphs
We study a game of pursuit and evasion introduced by Seager in 2012, in which
a cop searches the robber from outside the graph, using distance queries. A
graph on which the cop wins is called locatable. In her original paper, Seager
asked whether there exists a characterisation of the graph property of
locatable graphs by either forbidden or forbidden induced subgraphs, both of
which we answer in the negative. We then proceed to show that such a
characterisation does exist for graphs of diameter at most 2, stating it
explicitly, and note that this is not true for higher diameter. Exploring a
different direction of topic, we also start research in the direction of
colourability of locatable graphs, we also show that every locatable graph is
4-colourable, but not necessarily 3-colourable.Comment: 25 page
Dielectric screening in doped Fullerides
For conventional superconductors the electron-electron interaction is
strongly reduced by retardation effects, making the formation of Cooper pairs
possible. In the alkali-doped Fullerides, however, there are no strong
retardation effects. But dielectric screening can reduce the electron-electron
interaction sufficiently, if we assume that the random-phase approximation
(RPA) is valid. It is not clear, however, if this assumption holds, since the
alkali-doped Fullerides are strongly correlated systems close to a Mott
transition. To test the validity of the RPA for these systems we have
calculated the screening of a test charge using quantum Monte Carlo.Comment: 4 pages, 1 eps figure included; to be published in the proceedings of
the International Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials,
Kirchberg/Tirol, 1998; additional information is available at
http://www.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/docs/ANDERSEN/fullerene
Metal-Insulator transitions in generalized Hubbard models
We study the Mott transition in Hubbard models with a degenerate band on
different 3-dimensional lattices. While for a non-degenerate band only the
half-filled system may exhibit a Mott transition, with degeneracy there can be
a transition for any integer filling. We analyze the filling dependence of the
Mott transition and find that (the Hubbard interaction at which the
transition takes place) decreases away from half-filling. In addition we can
change the lattice structure of the model. This allows us to study the
influence of frustration on the Mott transition. We find that frustration
increases , compared to bipartite systems. The results were obtained from
fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo calculations using trial functions which allow
us to systematically vary the magnetic character of the system. To gain a
qualitative understanding of the results, we have developed simple hopping
arguments that help to rationalize the doping dependence and the influence of
frustration on the Mott transition. Choosing the model parameters to describe
the doped Fullerides, we can make contact with experiment and understand why
some of the Fullerides are metals, while others, which according to density
functional theory should also be metallic, actually are insulators.Comment: 4 pages LaTeX with 4 eps figures; submitted to Computer Physics
Communications, Proceedings of the CPP'99/Centennial Meeting, Atlanta, GA;
additional material available at
http://www.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/docs/ANDERSEN/fullerene
Filling dependence of the Mott transition in the degenerate Hubbard model
Describing the doped Fullerenes using a generalized Hubbard model, we study
the Mott transition for different integer fillings of the t_1u band. We use the
opening of the energy-gap E_g as a criterion for the transition. E_g is
calculated as a function of the on-site Coulomb interaction U using fixed-node
diffusion Monte Carlo. We find that for systems with doping away from
half-filling the Mott transitions occurs at smaller U than for the half-filled
system. We give a simple model for the doping dependence of the Mott
transition.Comment: 7 pages RevTeX with 10 eps figures, additional material available at
http://www.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/docs/ANDERSEN/fullerene
Reinforcement Learning for UAV Attitude Control
Autopilot systems are typically composed of an "inner loop" providing
stability and control, while an "outer loop" is responsible for mission-level
objectives, e.g. way-point navigation. Autopilot systems for UAVs are
predominately implemented using Proportional, Integral Derivative (PID) control
systems, which have demonstrated exceptional performance in stable
environments. However more sophisticated control is required to operate in
unpredictable, and harsh environments. Intelligent flight control systems is an
active area of research addressing limitations of PID control most recently
through the use of reinforcement learning (RL) which has had success in other
applications such as robotics. However previous work has focused primarily on
using RL at the mission-level controller. In this work, we investigate the
performance and accuracy of the inner control loop providing attitude control
when using intelligent flight control systems trained with the state-of-the-art
RL algorithms, Deep Deterministic Gradient Policy (DDGP), Trust Region Policy
Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). To investigate
these unknowns we first developed an open-source high-fidelity simulation
environment to train a flight controller attitude control of a quadrotor
through RL. We then use our environment to compare their performance to that of
a PID controller to identify if using RL is appropriate in high-precision,
time-critical flight control.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure
Locating a robber with multiple probes
We consider a game in which a cop searches for a moving robber on a connected
graph using distance probes, which is a slight variation on one introduced by
Seager. Carragher, Choi, Delcourt, Erickson and West showed that for any
-vertex graph there is a winning strategy for the cop on the graph
obtained by replacing each edge of by a path of length , if
. The present authors showed that, for all but a few small values of
, this bound may be improved to , which is best possible. In this
paper we consider the natural extension in which the cop probes a set of
vertices, rather than a single vertex, at each turn. We consider the
relationship between the value of required to ensure victory on the
original graph and the length of subdivisions required to ensure victory with
. We give an asymptotically best-possible linear bound in one direction,
but show that in the other direction no subexponential bound holds. We also
give a bound on the value of for which the cop has a winning strategy on
any (possibly infinite) connected graph of maximum degree , which is
best possible up to a factor of .Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures. Updated to show that Theorem 2 also applies to
infinite graphs. Accepted for publication in Discrete Mathematic
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