Palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides, non-conjugated dienes and carbon nucleophiles

The present invention provides a method for the alpha,omega-arylation/alkylation of a non-conjugated diene in one step by reacting the diene with an aryl iodide or an aryl bromide and a carbon nucleophile in the presence of an amount of a Pd(O) complex effective to catalyze the reaction

Synthesis of benzoprostacyclins using palladium catalysis

A method is provided for preparing benzoprostacyclins by the palladium-catalyzed tandem alkene insertion into a 1,4-bisoxy-substituted cyclopent-2-ene intermediate

Free radical-catalyzed synthesis of benzoprostacyclins

A method is provided for preparing benzoprostacyclins by the free-radical-catalyzed tandem alkene insertion into a 1,4-bisoxy-substituted cyclopent-2-ene intermediate

Preparation and Characterization of Paints and Coatings from Soy and Corn Oils

This project was highly successful. A series of new waterborne polyurethane (PU)/acrylic hybrid latexes were successfully synthesized by the emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers (butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate) in the presence of a soybean oil-based waterborne PU dispersion using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The waterborne PU dispersion was synthesized by a polyaddition reaction of toluene 2,4-diisocyanate and a soybean oil-based polyol (SOL). The resulting hybrid latexes, containing 15-60 wt % SOL as a renewable resource, are very stable and exhibit uniform particle sizes of {approx}125 nm as determined by transmittance electronic microscopy. The structure, thermal, and mechanical properties of the resulting hybrid latex films have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state {sup 13}C NMR spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, extraction, and mechanical testing. Grafting copolymerization of the acrylic monomers onto the PU network occurs during the emulsion polymerization, leading to a significant increase in the thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting hybrid latexes. This work provides a new way of utilizing renewable resources to prepare environmentally friendly hybrid latexes with high performance for coating applications. In addition, a novel soybean oil-based vinyl-containing waterborne polyurethane (VPU) dispersion has been successfully synthesized from toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid and a 90:10 mixture of chlorinated soybean oil-based polyol and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). Then, a series of VPU/acrylic grafted latexes were prepared by emulsion graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers (40 wt% butyl acrylate and 60 wt% methyl methacrylate) in the presence of the VPU dispersion using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The structure, morphology, and thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting latexes, containing 15-60 wt% soybean oil-based polyols as a renewable resource, were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state {sup 13}C NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and mechanical testing. The results indicated that graft copolymerization of the acrylic monomers onto the VPU network occurs during emulsion polymerization, leading to a significant increase in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the resulting miscible grafted latexes. This work provides new environmentally-friendly latexes from a renewable resource with high performance for coating applications

High-Throughput Screening, Discovery, and Optimization to Develop a Benzofuran Class of Hepatitis C Virus Inhibitors

Using a high-throughput, cell-based HCV luciferase reporter assay to screen a diverse small-molecule compound collection (~300 000 compounds), we identified a benzofuran compound class of HCV inhibitors. The optimization of the benzofuran scaffold led to the identification of several exemplars with potent inhibition (EC50 25 µM), and excellent selectivity (selective index = CC50/EC50, > 371-fold). The structure–activity studies culminated in the design and synthesis of a 45-compound library to comprehensively explore the anti-HCV activity. The identification, design, synthesis, and biological characterization for this benzofuran series is discussed

Preparation and Characterization of Paints and Coatings from Soy and Corn Oils

This project was highly successful. A series of new waterborne polyurethane (PU)/acrylic hybrid latexes were successfully synthesized by the emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers (butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate) in the presence of a soybean oil-based waterborne PU dispersion using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The waterborne PU dispersion was synthesized by a polyaddition reaction of toluene 2,4-diisocyanate and a soybean oil-based polyol (SOL). The resulting hybrid latexes, containing 15-60 wt % SOL as a renewable resource, are very stable and exhibit uniform particle sizes of {approx}125 nm as determined by transmittance electronic microscopy. The structure, thermal, and mechanical properties of the resulting hybrid latex films have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state {sup 13}C NMR spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, extraction, and mechanical testing. Grafting copolymerization of the acrylic monomers onto the PU network occurs during the emulsion polymerization, leading to a significant increase in the thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting hybrid latexes. This work provides a new way of utilizing renewable resources to prepare environmentally friendly hybrid latexes with high performance for coating applications. In addition, a novel soybean oil-based vinyl-containing waterborne polyurethane (VPU) dispersion has been successfully synthesized from toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid and a 90:10 mixture of chlorinated soybean oil-based polyol and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). Then, a series of VPU/acrylic grafted latexes were prepared by emulsion graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers (40 wt% butyl acrylate and 60 wt% methyl methacrylate) in the presence of the VPU dispersion using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The structure, morphology, and thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting latexes, containing 15-60 wt% soybean oil-based polyols as a renewable resource, were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state {sup 13}C NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and mechanical testing. The results indicated that graft copolymerization of the acrylic monomers onto the VPU network occurs during emulsion polymerization, leading to a significant increase in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the resulting miscible grafted latexes. This work provides new environmentally-friendly latexes from a renewable resource with high performance for coating applications

Synthesis of Xanthones, Thioxanthones, and Acridones by the Coupling of Arynes and Substituted Benzoates

The Tilla Kari madrasa was commissioned a decade after the adjacent Shir Dar madrasa (1619-1636) by the same patron, Shaybanid feudal general, Alchin Yalantush Bahadur between 1646-60. Once part of the complex built by Timur's wife, Tuman-Aka in the fourteenth century, the site had housed the Mirzoi caravan sarai. Built originally as a theological seminary, this madrasa with its large prayer hall soon became Samarkand's congregational mosque with the collapse of the Bibi Khanum Mosque (b. 1399) and the dismantling of Alikeh Kukeltash Mosque (1439-40). Source: Archnetinterior, view of exhibit cases, 200