Yeast cytochrome c oxidase: a model system to study mitochondrial forms of the haem-copper oxidase superfamily.

The known subunits of yeast mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase are reviewed. The structures of all eleven of its subunits are explored by building homology models based on the published structures of the homologous bovine subunits and similarities and differences are highlighted, particularly of the core functional subunit I. Yeast genetic techniques to enable introduction of mutations into the three core mitochondrially-encoded subunits are reviewed

An Evaluation of Physical Disk I/Os for Complex Object Processing

In order to obtain the performance required for nonstandard database environments, a hierarchical complex object model with object references is used as a storage structure for complex objects. Several storage models for these complex objects, as well as a benchmark to evaluate their performance, are described. A cost model for analytical performance evaluation is developed, and the analytical results are validated by means of measurements on the DASDBS, complex object storage system. The results show which storage structures for complex objects are the most efficient under which circumstance

A review of studies of the systemic control of livestock insect parasites

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A review of studies of the systemic control of livestock insect parasites

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Growth-Form Analysis and Paleoecology of the Corals of the Late Ordovician Through Mid-Silurian Fish Haven and Laketown Formations, Bear River Range, North-Central Utah

Morphology of corals of the Late Ordovician through mid-Silurian Fish Haven and Laketown Formations were analyzed to document adaptations to inferred enviromental conditions, i.e., (bathymetry, illumination, sedimentation, currents, and energy), under which their enclosing sediment was deposited. Specimens and data were collected from six sites. Insoluble-residue tests were performed on the corals\u27 matrices. Individual corallites of radial-lensoidal corals radiate in all directions. Vertical growth, however, was restricted in turbulent conditions. Umbrellic, radial-lensoidal corals feature downward facing corallites, considered to be an adaptation to a well illuminated environment. On tabular lensoidal corals, constituent corallites faces exclusively upward, an orientation needed under relatively poor illumination. Orientation of these coralla at oblique angles to bedding planes and to other coralla signify soft-sediment slumping or edge-first sinking into a semi-fluid substrate. Hemispherical coralla prevailed under moderately high energy condition and negligible sedimentation. Conic coralla, formed during prodigious sediment accumulation, are extreme modifications of hemispherical coralla. The lower the rate of sediment accumulation, the less acute the angle of the apex (budding center of the 11cone ). Circumrotary corals, or those that are distinguished by corallites radiating in virtually all directions, are considered to have dwelled in heavy surf, by analogy to certain modern corals. Composite corals, those that exhibit more than one morphotype or a repetition of the same morphotype, reflect a change in growth during the life of the colony. Internal features of individual corallites were examined and measured. Most of the corals in this study feature corallites suggestive of low-sediment rejection capability. Corallite packing arrangements, as well as indicating cleansing ability, are interpreted as adaptations to different levels of hydraulic stress. Several explanations are given to explain the lack of correlation between corallite variability and external morphology. Genetic differences may have resulted in differing variabilities of calical widths of different species under comparable environmental conditions (as indicated by intramorphotypic analyses of variance). Differences in variability of tabulae spacing between tabular and radial coralla are attributed to the preponderance of lateral budding in the former mrophotype. Frequent budding is considered to have been concurrent with slow upward growth, reflected by narrow tabulae spacings. A high energy fauna is represented by the abundance of tabulate and compound rugose, radial-lensoidal, and circumrotary coralla. These corals and their associated organisms in the conununity seemingly dwelled on a carbonate bank. A favositid-dominated community provides evidence of variable sedimentation rates by the presence of diverse morphologies. Hemispherical coralla predominate indicating generally high energy and low to negligible sedimentation rates. Two of the sites were dominated faunally by hemispherical, halysitid corals featuring cone-shaped bases. They are considered reflective of moderate energy and moderate sediment accumulation. Tabular halysitid and favositid corals whose basal dimensions are oriented obliquely to one another and/or bedding planes signify negligible sedimentation and placid, relatively deep water conditions. These corals dominated two collecting sites. Based on the patchiness of the occurrence of the coral assemblages, the Late Ordovician and Silurian sea floor is considered to have been an uneven, heterogeneous surface. Shallow water shelf conditions are inferred. Fluctuations in sea level elicited the observed variability in coral morphology

The Saudi State as an Identity Racketeer

Where substantial research has examined the Saudi state’s symbiosis with the Islamic revivalist movement commonly known as ‘Wahhabism’, little has considered how the dynamics of state formation underpin this relationship. This article argues that a continuous and circular political logic sits behind the Saudi state’s patronage of the revivalist movement since 1744. It proposes a four-stage model that explains how and why the Saudi state has maintained its support of the revivalist movement over this prolonged period. This article will first outline this model, before moving to a detailed analysis of the development of Saudi state authority to highlight the recurrent manner in which the spiritual concerns of revivalists have often been constructed by the state to counter challenges to its authority, a pattern showcased most recently during the Arab Spring and the war in Yemen. The relevance of this model persists today, and will continue to shape the decisions, policies and perceptions of the Saudi political elite for the foreseeable future

Kinematics and Composition of the Galactic Bulge: Recent Progress

We present recent results from a Keck study of the composition of the Galactic bulge, as well as results from the bulge Bulge Radial Velocity Assay (BRAVA). Culminating a 10 year investigation, Fulbright, McWilliam, & Rich (2006, 2007) solved the problem of deriving the iron abundance in the Galactic bulge, and find enhanced alpha element abundances, consistent with the earlier work of McWilliam & Rich (1994). We also report on a radial velocity survey of {\sl 2MASS}-selected M giant stars in the Galactic bulge, observed with the CTIO 4m Hydra multi-object spectrograph. This program is to test dynamical models of the bulge and to search for and map any dynamically cold substructure in the Galactic bulge. We show initial results on fields at $-10^{\circ} < l <+10^{\circ}$ and $b=-4^{\circ}$. We construct a longitude-velocity plot for the bulge stars and the model data, and find that contrary to previous studies, the bulge does not rotate as a solid body; from $-5^{\circ}<l<+5^{\circ}$ the rotation curve has a slope of $\approx 100 km s^{-1}$ and flattens considerably at greater $l$ and reaches a maximum rotation of $45 {km s^{-1}}$ (heliocentric) or $\sim 70 {km s^{-1}}$ (Galactocentric). This rotation is slower than that predicted by the dynamical model of Zhao (1996).Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, contributed paper at IAU Symposium 245 "Formation and Evolution of Galactic Bulges

Lullaby Lane

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/2052/thumbnail.jp