Antes sem pão do que sem pátria: o anti-portuguesismo nos anos da década de 1920

Muito antes de Oswald de Andrade ter escrito a famosa frase acima parodiando Shakespeare e ter pregado a deglutição da cultura européia para se chegar a atualização da cultura brasileira, ou, mesmo antes do desdobramento do Pau-Brasil em Antropofagia e do verde-amarelismo em Anta, dentro do contexto da Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922, a questão do nacionalismo já era antiga na vida da República. Contudo, na década de 1920 surgia revitalizada, como abre-alas daquele momento

Desenlaces no Brasil pós-colonial: a construção de uma identidade nacional e a Comissão Mista Brasil-Portugal para o reconhecimento da Independência

Este trabalho sintetiza os primeiros resultados da pesquisa que venho reali­zando com as Atas da Comissão Mista Brasil-Portugal, formada a partir do Tratado de 25 de agosto de 1825 (reconhecimento da Independência), e com a correspondência trocada entre agentes diplomáticos dos dois países. Nesta documentação encontramos uma concentração massiva de reclamantes portu­gueses, na sua maioria comerciantes que tiveram seus bens seqüestrados nas províncias do Pará, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Bahia e Rio de Janeiro. Desta forma, dando prosseguimento aos nossos estudos sobre os problemas decor­rentes da Independência, da formação da Nação e de uma certa identidade nacional, definindo-se quem era "brasileiro" ou "português", traçamos um pri­meiro perfil de quem eram esses "portugueses" que tiveram seus bens seqües­trados e das questões políticas em tela.

Attempts to organize technical education for trade and public service at the Instituto Comercial do Rio de Janeiro (1856-1880)

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar o Instituto Commercial do Rio de Janeiro desde a sua implementação, em 1856, até o seu fechamento, em 1880, observando, principalmente, as tentativas de organização do mesmo para que viesse a cumprir de fato a sua função de formação técnica para o comércio e para as funções públicas. Nesse sentido, é investigada a relação do ensino com o trabalho no comércio. Interessa-nos também explorar os diferentes estatutos promulgados pelo governo imperial, que são vistos em conexão com as transformações no comércio brasileiro, bem como as críticas em relação à instituição presentes na imprensa do período.Palavras-chave: Instituto Comercial, Rio de Janeiro, ensino técnico.The objective of this article is to analyze the Instituto Commercial of Rio de Janeiro from its implementation in 1856 until its closure in 1880, observing, mainly, the attempts to organize it so that it would to fulfill the function of technical training for trade and public service. In this sense, we investigate the relation between technical education and work in commerce. We are also interested in exploring the different statutes promulgated by the imperial government, which are seen in connection with the changes in Brazilian trade, as well the criticisms levelled at the institution in the press of the period.Keywords: Instituto Comercial, Rio de Janeiro, technical education

Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study

Introduction: The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. Methods: In a prospective, UK-wide, multicentre MRI follow-up study (C-MORE), adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital following COVID-19 who were included in Tier 2 of the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) and contemporary controls with no evidence of previous COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody negative) underwent multiorgan MRI (lungs, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys) with quantitative and qualitative assessment of images and clinical adjudication when relevant. Individuals with end-stage renal failure or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants also underwent detailed recording of symptoms, and physiological and biochemical tests. The primary outcome was the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities (two or more organs) relative to controls, with further adjustments for potential confounders. The C-MORE study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04510025. Findings: Of 2710 participants in Tier 2 of PHOSP-COVID, 531 were recruited across 13 UK-wide C-MORE sites. After exclusions, 259 C-MORE patients (mean age 57 years [SD 12]; 158 [61%] male and 101 [39%] female) who were discharged from hospital with PCR-confirmed or clinically diagnosed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and Nov 1, 2021, and 52 non-COVID-19 controls from the community (mean age 49 years [SD 14]; 30 [58%] male and 22 [42%] female) were included in the analysis. Patients were assessed at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 4·2–6·3) after hospital discharge. Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients were older, living with more obesity, and had more comorbidities. Multiorgan abnormalities on MRI were more frequent in patients than in controls (157 [61%] of 259 vs 14 [27%] of 52; p<0·0001) and independently associated with COVID-19 status (odds ratio [OR] 2·9 [95% CI 1·5–5·8]; padjusted=0·0023) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Compared with controls, patients were more likely to have MRI evidence of lung abnormalities (p=0·0001; parenchymal abnormalities), brain abnormalities (p<0·0001; more white matter hyperintensities and regional brain volume reduction), and kidney abnormalities (p=0·014; lower medullary T1 and loss of corticomedullary differentiation), whereas cardiac and liver MRI abnormalities were similar between patients and controls. Patients with multiorgan abnormalities were older (difference in mean age 7 years [95% CI 4–10]; mean age of 59·8 years [SD 11·7] with multiorgan abnormalities vs mean age of 52·8 years [11·9] without multiorgan abnormalities; p<0·0001), more likely to have three or more comorbidities (OR 2·47 [1·32–4·82]; padjusted=0·0059), and more likely to have a more severe acute infection (acute CRP >5mg/L, OR 3·55 [1·23–11·88]; padjusted=0·025) than those without multiorgan abnormalities. Presence of lung MRI abnormalities was associated with a two-fold higher risk of chest tightness, and multiorgan MRI abnormalities were associated with severe and very severe persistent physical and mental health impairment (PHOSP-COVID symptom clusters) after hospitalisation. Interpretation: After hospitalisation for COVID-19, people are at risk of multiorgan abnormalities in the medium term. Our findings emphasise the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways, with the potential for imaging to guide surveillance frequency and therapeutic stratification