Análise da sustentabilidade na bacia do Rio Corumbataí (SP)

Criou-se uma valoração do ambiente e um Índice de Sustentabilidade Socioambiental (ISS) visando à educação ambiental e à qualidade de vida na bacia do rio Corumbataí. A área estava em prejuízo financeiro porque os passivos sociais e ambientais eram maiores do que os ativos econômicos e ambientais. Os níveis de erosão do solo assemelharam-se aos da década anterior, mas mantiveram-se acima do tolerável e causavam prejuízos ambientais e econômicos. A qualidade da água continuava ruim porque não havia estações de tratamento para todos os esgotos e porque o escoamento difuso da agricultura levava poluentes e contaminantes aos recursos hídricos. O ISS revelou algum avanço na educação (diminuição do analfabetismo) e na renda; aumento de pobres em Charqueada e Itirapina; concentração de renda (exceto em Santa Gertrudes); a longevidade necessitava melhorar e refletia problemas na saúde da população, decorrentes da degradação ambiental; a sustentabilidade financeira dos municípios alcançou índices médios em Analândia, Itirapina e Ipeúna e índices ruins nos demais, para a administração de recursos. O ISS resultou médio para a bacia, mas o município de Santa Gertrudes foi o único a obter ISS ruim.It was made an evaluation of environment and an Index of Socioenvironmental Sustainability (ISS) to environmental education and people life quality purposes in watershed of Corumbataí river. The region was on financial loss because social and environmental liabilities were bigger than economics and environmental assets. The levels of soil erosion were not highers than last decade, but its still maintain up allowed levels, resulting in environmental and economics damages. The quality of superficial water remained bad because there were not sufficient treatment stations to attend all domestic sewerage generated and because difuse runoff from agricultural procedures carries pollutings and contaminants to hidric resources. The ISS showed partial advances in education (the illiteracy was reduced) and revenues; raising of poverty in Charqueada and Itirapina; revenue concentration (save in Santa Gertrudes); the longevity needs great inprovements and this demonstrate that problems on population's health are into direct relation with environmental degradation; the financial sustainability from municipalities only reach lower part of reasonables indicator in Analândia, Itirapina and Ipeúna; the others cities were in lower index in management of this resources. The results of ISS were intermediate to watershed, but Santa Gertrudes manifested bad results.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications