Flying an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Key Factors for Risk Management

Only theoretical training of drone operators is not sufficient for safe integration and use of drone aircraft both in controlled and uncontrolled air space.Based on research and analysis of incidents caused by the use of drone aircraft during 2018. The global level can conclude that most of the incidents have been performed because of unskilled handling of drones, even though the persons who managed them were theoretically trained and possessed of drone management licenses.Purpose – for the purpose of mitigation of the risk of adverse effects of human and material resources in the work, the analysis of the Drone management.Design/methodology/approach – decision on which of the following key factors for risk assessment achieves the greatest impact on the safe handling of drone aircraft has been carried out by using the methods of analytical hierarchical processes, i.e. “fuzzy”Expanded AHP method based on”fuzzy”triangular numbers.Findings – Based on the results of the research, it concludes that the alternative – “a terrorist and practical training for the safe handling of drone aircraft” is essential for the safe handling of drone aircraft in the second place The ranked alternative “the need for knowledge and skills of sports pilots” in third place is the ranked alternative “only practical training is needed,” in the fourth place the alternative is “only theoretical training is needed” and the fifth match is a ranked alternative “is not Theoretical or practical training. “Practical Implications – established frames to increase the security of flying drones through an obligatory theoretical and practical training of drone operators.Social Implications – reduced risks of occurrence of adverse effects on human and material resources

Impact of ultra-thin-layer material parameters on the suppression of carrier injection in rectifying junctions formed by interfacial charge layers

Pure amorphous boron (PureB) deposition on Si is used to fabricate ultrashallow low-saturation-current p+n-like diodes even at process temperatures where the boron is not expected to diffuse into the bulk Si. It has been proposed that the bonding of the B atoms to the Si creates a monolayer of fixed negative charge that attracts holes to the interface. In this paper, an investigation using semiconductor simulation tools is performed starting from an all-Si test structure where suppression of electron injection from an n-Si bulk was achieved by introducing a large concentration of negative fixed charge that attracts holes to the interface between a thin-film top-layer and the bulk. This introduces a barrier which lowers the electron saturation current density of the simulated diode to become comparable to or lower than the saturation current density of holes injected into the bulk. The material properties of the top-layer such as electron mobility and tunneling mass, bandgap and electron affinity are individually varied from default Si-values to values typical for amorphous boron layers indicating that a critical concentration of negative fixed charge is always needed for suppression of the electron injection

Reverse breakdown and light-emission patterns studied in Si PureB SPADs

The relationship between light-emission patterns from silicon avalanche-mode light-emitting diodes (AMLEDs), and avalanche breakdown was investigated using photodiodes fabricated in pure boron (PureB) technology. The quality of the diodes ranged from high-quality, low dark-current devices with abrupt breakdown characteristics that were suitable for operation as single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs), to diodes with gradually increasing reverse currents before actual breakdown. The reverse I-V characteristics were measured and correlated to light-emission data obtained simultaneously using a PureB photodetector, and inspected using a camera with which distinct emission patterns could be identified. When increasing the voltage far past breakdown, light emission invariably becomes dominant at the photodiode periphery. Based on the examination of a large variety of anode geometries, it is concluded that the most efficient light emission per consumed power is achieved with defect-free narrow-anode diodes that also are applicable as low-dark-count-rate SPADs

Introducing Open Data Concepts to STEM Students Using Real-World Open Datasets

While open data concepts become more important in our society, education about its benefits and technical issues is still behind the practice. Students of STEM disciplines should be introduced to open data during their education. The Open Computing course, completely redesigned in the new Computing curriculum, introduces open data concepts, providing both the basics and advanced topics, from technical to social and legal viewpoints. Among the several educational activities, one was particularly useful for understanding the needs and implications of using open data: a synchronous group activity where students had to choose a societal issue, find and analyze two open datasets that would help gaining insight into this issue, assess interdisciplinarity approaches and stakeholders, and finally propose the added value emerging from the solution. In a short amount of time needed, this activity - which tackled multiple aspects of the problem - brought a clearer insight into the topic, building upon the conventional lectures. Students highly graded such an approach to their education, where they had to construct their knowledge by the group experience. A similar group activity appeared to be useful in the con of open data PhD training and might also be used in other disciplines and domains.</p