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    El Fartet (Aphanius iberus) al Baix Ter: mètodes de monitoratge, ús de l'habitat impacte de la gambúsia

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    [EN] As part of a LIFE-Nature project, new habitats (La Pletera lagoons) were created to accom­ modate the expansion of the Iherian toothcarp (Aphanius iberus) in a coastal area in the Baix Empordh (Catalonia, NE Therian Peninsula). They were repopulated in late 2002 with indi­ viduals from the natural population in the neighboring Fm Ramon lagoon. Two years later, the mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrook!) was detected in the new lagoons, but not in Fra Ramon. Various passive capture methods to monitor toothcarp populations were cornpared. Although small-meshed fyke nets were the rnost efficient rnethod, plastic minnow traps were the only trap type that captured immature individuals, and generally the captured fish covered a wider range of sizes than those caught with fyke nets. The toothcarp positively selected positions near the lagoon bottom and microhabitats with the presence of refuge (e.g. Ruppia stands). While immature individuals selected shallow areas, adults were homogeneously dis­ tributed across different depths. In the Fra Ramon lagoon, toothcarp abundance increased from Aprit to September 2005, due to the appearance of young-of-the-year. Contrarily, in La Pletera lagoons, where mosquitofish accounted for 95% of the captures, toothcarp abundance decreased in the same period. These results suggest the existence of reproductive problems and an ecological exclusion process of this tootlscarp population related to the increasing mosquitofish population.Dins d’un projecte Life-Natura es van construir a la costa baixempordanesa nous habitats (ha­ cunes de Ia Pletera) per a l’expansiO del fartet (Aphanius iberus), els quals van ser repoblats a partir d’individus pmcedents de la bassa de Fra Ramon a fmals del 2002. Dos anys després es va detectar Ia presència de garnbdsia (Gambusia holbrook!) a tes noves hlacunes, pens no a Fra Ramon. S’han coniparat diferents rnbtodes de captura passiva petal rnonitoratge de poblacions de fartet. Tot i que les nanses de malta petita van set el mètode mis eficient, nornés es van agafar individus immadurs amb arnpolles de plastic, que, a mis a mis, van capturar un rang més amphi de mides. Els fartets van seleccionar positivament posicions properes al fons dins de is columns d’aigua, aixi corn microhàbitats amb preshncia de refagis (corn eta herbassars de Ruppia). Mentre que els individus immadurs es van trobar sobretot en zones sornes, els adults es van distribuir de manera hornogbnia ales diferents profunditats. L’abundhncia de far­ tet va augmentar de l’abril al setembre del 2005 a Fra Rarnon, per Ia incorporaciO de reclutes de l’any. En canvi, a les llacunes & Ia Pletera, on les gambsisies van suposar el 95 % de les captures, es va detectar una davattada de la pobtacid en aquest periode. Aquestes observacions apunten l’existbncia de problernes durant el perlode reproductiu del fartet i un procbs de des­ plaçarnent ecologic corn a conseqiléncia d’iin increment de la poblacid de gambdsiaPeer reviewe
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