Gingival peeling and periodontal aesthetics: a case report.

Melanic pigmentations (MP) are dark stains located on the masticatory mucosa. These pigmentations are consequence of the excess of melanin  production by  the  melanocytes  located  in  the  basal  layer  of  the epithelium, between epithelial cells and connective tissue cells. The MP of the periodontium are the results of the melanin granules transfer from the melanocytes to the keratinocytes, in a process called epidermal melanin.  This study aims to report a clinical case of dermabrasion for treatment of gingival melanin hyper pigmentation of a female patient, 21 years of age, non smoker, under orthodontic treatment and without systemic alterations. This patient attended the Clinic of Specialization in Periodontics of the Brazilian Association of Dentistry (ABO) with the aesthetic of her smile as the chief complain, due to the excess of melanin on the gingival tissues, in the anterior superior region.  The  epithelial  dermabrasion technique, with hand tools, promoted aesthetic results on the melanic depigmentation.Melanic pigmentations (MP) are dark stains located on the masticatory mucosa. These pigmentations are consequence of the excess of melanin  production by  the  melanocytes  located  in  the  basal  layer  of  the epithelium, between epithelial cells and connective tissue cells. The MP of the periodontium are the results of the melanin granules transfer from the melanocytes to the keratinocytes, in a process called epidermal melanin.  This study aims to report a clinical case of dermabrasion for treatment of gingival melanin hyper pigmentation of a female patient, 21 years of age, non smoker, under orthodontic treatment and without systemic alterations. This patient attended the Clinic of Specialization in Periodontics of the Brazilian Association of Dentistry (ABO) with the aesthetic of her smile as the chief complain, due to the excess of melanin on the gingival tissues, in the anterior superior region.  The  epithelial  dermabrasion technique, with hand tools, promoted aesthetic results on the melanic depigmentation

Transplante dentário autógeno em dente inferior: Relato de caso

Introduction: Autogenous dental transplantation (ADT) is defined as the replacement of a compromised or condemned dental element, usually the third molar being the tooth of choice to be transplanted due to proximity to the region and anatomic similarity, the technique consists of after extracting the affected tooth, a selective extraction of a sound third molar must be performed, which will be destined to the pre-existing alveolus or surgically prepared for the adequacy of the roots. Objective: The objective of this work is to report on the technique of autogenous transplantation performed in lower teeth of the right hemiarch. Case Report: 20-year-old male patient, with no previous medical commitments, attended a private dental office in the city of Belém, northern Brazil, with an indication for extraction of element 46. On clinical examination, it was observed that the coronary structure was damaged by extensive carious lesion. The periapical radiological examination showed the extension of the lesion to the furcation region and because the patient did not have the economic conditions to perform the pulpectomy treatment and subsequent placement of indirect restoration, as well as immediate installation of a dental implant for rehabilitation, therefore, we opted for the extraction. Also during the clinical examination, the presence of partially erupted and healthy element 48 was observed, and the ADT was idealized. In the surgical procedure, the patient received local anesthesia of 4% articaine and 1,100,000 adrenaline with 0.12% chlorhexidine, then the extraction of tooth 48 followed the same minimally traumatic pattern of the anterior element and after complete dislocation it was immediately implanted in the tooth socket and platelet concentrate membranes (L-PRF) and sutured with thread nylon 4.0. Conclusion: From the reported case, we can conclude that ADT, despite being an unusual treatment method, is a promising rehabilitation treatment, due to its economic viability, for being judicious in terms of conservation, biological principles and for providing harmony in the aesthetic-functional aspect.Introducción: El trasplante dental autógeno (TDA) se define como el reemplazo de un elemento dentario comprometido o condenado, siendo generalmente el tercer molar, el diente de elección para ser trasplantado por su cercanía a la región y similitud anatómica, la técnica consiste en extrayendo el diente afectado, se debe realizar la extracción selectiva de un tercer molar sano, que será destinado al alvéolo preexistente o preparado quirúrgicamente para la adaptación de las raíces. Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo es informar sobre la técnica de autotrasplante realizada en dientes inferiores de la hemiarcada derecha. Caso Clínico: Paciente masculino de 20 años, sin condiciones médicas previas, acudió a un consultorio odontológico privado de la ciudad de Belém, norte de Brasil, con indicación de extracción dental del elemento 46. Al examen clínico se observó que la estructura coronaria estaba dañada por una extensa lesión cariosa. El examen radiológico periapical mostró la extensión de la lesión a la región de la furca y, debido a que el paciente no tenía las condiciones económicas para realizar el tratamiento de pulpectomía y posterior colocación de una restauración indirecta, así como la colocación inmediata de un implante dental para rehabilitación, por lo que se decidió su extracción. Aún durante el examen clínico se observó la presencia del elemento 48 parcialmente erupcionado y sano, idealizándose el TDA. Durante la cirugía, el paciente recibió anestesia local con articaína al 4% y adrenalina 1.100.000, seguida de divulgación mucoperióstica de ambos dientes y, en consecuencia, luxación mínimamente traumática del diente 46. con clorhexidina al 0,12%, luego se realizó la extracción del diente 48. patrón del elemento anterior y después de la dislocación completa se implantó inmediatamente en el alvéolo del diente y membranas de concentrado de plaquetas (L-PRF) y se suturó con hilo de nylon 4.0. Conclusión: Con base en el caso reportado, podemos concluir que la TDA, a pesar de ser una vía de tratamiento inusual, es un tratamiento rehabilitador promisorio, por su viabilidad económica, por ser cuidadoso en términos de seguimiento, principios biológicos y por brindar armonía en el aspecto estético-funcional.Introdução:O transplante dentário autógeno (TDA) é definido como a substituição de um elemento dentário comprometido ou condenado, sendo geralmente, o terceiro molar, o dente de escolha a ser transplantado devido a proximidade com a região e semelhança anoatômica, a técnica consiste em após extrair o dente afetado deve-se realizar a exodontia seletiva de um terceiro molar hígido que será destinado ao alvéolo pré-existente ou cirurgicamente preparado para adequação das raízes.Objetivos:O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar sobre a técnica de transplante autógeno realizada em dentes inferiores do hemiarco direito. Relato de Caso: Paciente 20 anos, gênero masculino, sem comprometimentos médicos prévios compareceu ao consultório odontológico particular na cidade de Belém, norte do Brasil com indicação de exodontia do elemento 46. Ao exame clínico, observou-se que a estrutura coronária estava avariado por lesão cariosa extensa. O exame radiológico periapical evidenciou a extensão da lesão até região de furca e devido ao paciente não ter condições econômicas para realizar o tratamento de pulpectomia e posterior colocação de restauração indireta, bem como imediata instalação de implante dentário para reabilitação, logo, optou-se pela exodontia. Ainda durante o exame clínico observou-se a presença do elemento 48 parcialmente erupcionado e hígido, sendo idealizado o TDA. No ato cirúrgico paciente recebeu anestesia local de articaína 4% e adrenalina 1.100,000 em seguida realizou-se a divulsão mucoperiosteal de ambos os dentes e consequentemente luxação minimamente traumática do dente 46 e após a exodontia o alvéolo foi curetado para limpeza da cavidade e irrigada com clorexidina 0,12%, em seguida a exodontia do dente 48 seguiu o mesmo padrão minimamente traumático do elemento anterior e após completa luxação foi imediatamente implantado no alvéolo do dente e membranas de concentrados plaquetários (L-PRF) e sutura foi feita com fio de nylon 4.0. Conclusão: A partir do caso relatado, podemos concluir que a TDA, apesar de ser uma via de tratamento pouco habitual, é um promissor tratamento reabilitador, pela sua viabilidade econômica, por ser criteriosa quanto a proservação, princípios biológicos e por proporcionar uma harmonia no aspecto estético-funcional

Uma solução automatizada para avaliações quantitativas de impacto: primeiros resultados do MARVIm

Bibliografia: p. 42-44.MARVIm (Automated Model in R for Verification of Impact) was developed as an agile first response tool to eventual demands of impact assessments of interest to BNDES. As a way to showcase the potential of MARVIm, we have implemented a series of assessments to investigate the same issue: how do the different interventions from BNDES affect the short-term performance of clients? Ten different types of intervention were assessed with the microdata from the Annual Social Information Report (Rais) and the Centralized Banking Services S.A. (Serasa) during the years 2008-2011. The variables of interest analyzed were always gross revenues, average number of employees, labor productivity, net profit and investment. In general, there was positive evidence of impact from BNDES on revenue, employment and investment of micro, small and medium-sized companies (MSME) supported with lines for BK acquisition (mainly BNDES Finame) and BNDES Card. Relevant impacts on the net income or labor productivity of clients were not identified. However, the results on the productivity will probably take more than two years to be observed, requiring an analysis interval longer than that implemented herein.O MARVIm (Modelo Automatizado em R para Verificação de Impacto) foi desenvolvido como uma ferramenta de primeira resposta, ágil, a eventuais demandas de avaliações de impacto de interesse do BNDES. Como uma forma de apresentar as potencialidades do MARVIm, implementou-se um conjunto de avaliações com o objetivo de investigar uma mesma questão: como as diferentes intervenções do BNDES impactam no curto prazo a performance das firmas beneficiadas? Dez diferentes tipos de intervenção foram avaliados com o uso de microdados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (Rais) e da Centralização de Serviços Bancários S.A. (Serasa) durante os anos de 2008-2011. As variáveis de interesse analisadas foram sempre faturamento bruto, número médio de empregados, produtividade do trabalho, resultado líquido e investimento. De maneira geral, houve evidência positiva de impacto do BNDES sobre o faturamento, o emprego e o investimento das MPMEs apoiadas com linhas para aquisição de BK (fundamentalmente BNDES Finame) e Cartão BNDES. Não foram identificados impactos relevantes sobre o resultado líquido ou a produtividade do trabalho dos beneficiados. Contudo, os resultados sobre a produtividade provavelmente demoram mais do que dois anos para serem sentidos, requerendo um intervalo de análise maior do que o que foi aqui implementado

Otoliths-composed gelatin/sodium alginate scaffolds for bone regeneration

Evidence that otoliths, mineral-rich limestone concrescences present in the inner ear of bone fishes, can accelerate bone formation in vivo has been previously reported. The goal of this work was the development, characterization, and evaluation of the cytocompatibility of otoliths-incorporated sodium alginate and gelatin scaffolds. Cynoscion acoupaderived otoliths were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FRX), particle size, free lime, and weight loss by calcination. Furthermore, otoliths were incorporated into sodium alginate (ALG/OTL-s) or gelatin (GEL/OTL-s) scaffolds, previously developed by freeze-drying. Then, the scaffolds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), swelling tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cytotoxicity assays were run against J774.G8 macrophages and MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Data obtained from TGA/DTG, DSC, and FTIR analyses confirmed the interaction between otoliths and the polymeric scaffolds. SEM showed the homogeneous porous 3D structure rich in otolith micro-fragments in both scaffolds. Swelling of the GEL/OTL-s (63.54±3.0%) was greater than of ALG/OTL-s (13.36±9.9%) (p0.05) and significantly higher than that treated with Triton-X (p0.05). However, by 48 h, only ALG/OTL-s showed growth similar to control (p>0.05), whereas GEL/OTL showed a significantly lower growth index (p<0.05). In conclusion, the physicochemical profiles suggest proper interaction between the otoliths and the two developed polymeric 3D scaffolds. Moreover, both materials showed cytocompatibility with J774.G8 macrophages but the growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts was higher when exposed to ALG/OTL-s. These data suggest that sodium alginate/otoliths scaffolds are potential biomaterials to be used in bone regeneration applications.We would like to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Foundation for Research and Technological Innovation Support of the State of Sergipe for the financial support in this study. EMBS acknowledges the sponsorship of the projects M-ERA-NET-0004/2015-PAIRED and UIDB/04469/2020 (strategic fund), received support from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation, Ministry of Science and Education (FCT/MEC) through national funds, and was co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The use of dual-lumen balloon for embolization of peripheral arteriovenous malformations

PURPOSEWe aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the embolization of peripheral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with non-adhesive liquid agents (NALA) injected by dual-lumen balloons (DLB).METHODSWe conducted a multicenter retrospective study between January 2017 and June 2019, including patients with peripheral AVM embolized with NALA by DLB. Fourteen patients were included. The AVM classification, technical and clinical success were evaluated, as were nidus size, liquid agent used, volume and time of injection in DLB, complications, follow-up and need of surgical intervention.RESULTSThe mean age of the patients was 37±22.5 years (range, 6–82 years). The mean nidus size was 5.2±2.4 cm (range, 3.0–12.0 cm). By Schobinger classification, 11 AVMs were classified in stage 3 and 3 AVMs were classified in stage 2. By Cho’s classification, 2 AVMs were in stage II, 4 AVMs were in stage I, 4 AVMs were in stage IIIa and 4 AVMs were in stage IIIb. Onyx was used in 11 patients (78.6%), while Squid, PHIL, and both Onyx and Squid were used in one patient each (7.1%). Seven patients (50%) required one session of embolization, 4 patients (28.6%) required two, 2 patients (14.3%) required three and 1 patient (7.1%) required four sessions. Complete nidus exclusion was achieved in 11 patients (78.6%), optimal clinical response in 12 patients (85.7%). Four patients (28.6%) exhibited minor complications, all controlled. No major complications were seen. Four patients underwent surgical intervention (28.6%). CONCLUSIONThe embolization of peripheral AVM with NALA in DLB appears to be safe and feasible, achieving high rates of technical and clinical success

Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from an indigenous reserve in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on indigenous populations. Understanding the viral dynamics within this population is essential to create targeted protection measures.MethodsA total of 204 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples collected between May 2020 and November 2021 from an indigenous area in Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Midwestern Brazil, were screened. Samples were submitted to whole genome sequencing using the Nanopore sequencing platform. Clinical, demographic, and phylogenetic data were analyzed.ResultsWe found the co-circulation of six main SARS-CoV-2 lineages in the indigenous population, with the Zeta lineage being the most prevalent (27.66%), followed by B.1.1 (an ancestral strain) (20.21%), Gamma (14.36%) and Delta (13.83%). Other lineages represent 45.74% of the total. Our phylogenetic reconstruction indicates that multiple introduction events of different SARS-CoV-2 lineages occurred in the indigenous villages in MS. The estimated indigenous population mortality rate was 1.47%. Regarding the ethnicity of our cohort, 64.82% belong to the Guarani ethnicity, while 33.16% belong to the Terena ethnicity, with a slightly higher prevalence of males (53.43%) among females. Other ethnicities represent 2.01%. We also observed that almost all patients (89.55%) presented signs and symptoms related to COVID-19, being the most prevalent cough, fever, sore throat, and headache.DiscussionOur results revealed that multiple independent SARS-CoV-2 introduction events had occurred through time, probably due to indigenous mobility, since the villages studied here are close to urban areas in MS. The mortality rate was slightly below of the estimation for the state in the period studied, which we believe could be related to the small number of samples evaluated, the underreporting of cases and deaths among this population, and the inconsistency of secondary data available for this study.ConclusionIn this study, we showed the circulation of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants in this population, which should be isolated and protected as they belong to the most fragile group due to their socioeconomic and cultural disparities. We reinforce the need for constant genomic surveillance to monitor and prevent the spread of new emerging viruses and to better understand the viral dynamics in these populations, making it possible to direct specific actions

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others