The Health-Oriented Lifestyle in Islamic Culture

Introduction: Islam has always stressed the importance of health and wellness. For centuries, Muslims have recognized the value of a good, clean, and healthy life. The purpose of this study is to explain the health-oriented lifestyle in the Islamic culture based on opinions, experiences, and perceptions of clergies, teachers, and students. Method: A qualitative research method was conducted in this study by grounded theory approach. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with participants. Moreover, the existing resources, such as case studies, life stories, letters, diaries, and press interviews have been used. Results: This study's central variable was deviation from moderation of thought, belief and behavior. Seven main categories were gained by analysis of data. They were: "policy in the health system", "Islamic education"," Islamic movement in people's family centered lives", "work, effort, and money", "ethics and law abiding citizen", "mobility and leisure", "relationships, interaction, and participation". Conclusion: Lifestyle modification, in the process of acquiring healthy communities and social capital, based on religious teachings could be the perfect solution for the problems of a healthy life in the present day. In structural approach, the government should pay attention to such issues like authority of the family, and supporting parents, and spouses, facilitate family functions by systematic problem solving, and empower and strengthen institutions such as the education system and media. It is suggested that educational institutions direct their teachings toward empowering children of this society in order for them to better play their roles in family and social life, and encourage them to use Islamic teachings Keywords: Health-oriented lifestyle, Islamic culture, Qualitative researc

Implication of Mauk Nursing Intervention Model on Coping Strategies of Stroke Survivors

Objectives: Stroke is a major event in one's life, and patients will inevitably require the use of coping strategies in order to try to reestablish acceptable life equilibrium. Due to the extensive role that nurses can be active members in the patient's rehabilitation plan, the Mauk model is a model that focuses on stroke patients. For each stage of this model, Mauk has developed appropriate rehabilitation nursing interventions. This study aimed to analyze the effect of implementation of the Mauk nursing rehabilitation model (Agonizing phase, Fantasy phase, Realizing phase) on the coping strategies of stroke patients. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test -post-test study. The interventions are identified and coping strategies for patients based on the Mauk model have been trained. Convenience sampling has been done in Imam Khomeini hospital and Tabassom rehabilitation center in 1392. Data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire and a coping strategies questionnaire for stroke patients. The educational program was implemented in sessions of 45 minutes. The patients' coping strategies, before and after training, were assessed. Data was statistically analyzed using descriptive and inferential tests in SPSS software 16. Results: The mean score for coping strategies before intervention was 111.42 ±11.71, and after intervention was 102.14± 12.45 (P<0.05). The physical, mental and social dimensions in the coping strategies showed significant differences before and after intervention. Discussion: Using the rehabilitation program interventions for effectively dealing with stress, changing and unpredictable behavior patterns in chronic patients is an important component of the treatment protocol, and helps deliver an increase in coping strategies for stroke patients

The study of diagnosis status and, transfer time of stroke patients transferred by pre-hospital emergency medical system (EMS) to Vali-Asr hospital in Arak City

Introduction: Stroke is main cause of death and disability in worldwide and emergency care can decrease complications. Emergency Medical System transferred half of stroke patients to hospital, so improve accuracy of diagnosis may accelerated treatment. This study aimed to determine diagnosis status and, transfer time of stroke patients transferred by prehospital Emergency Medical System to hospital in Arak City. Methods: This study was descriptive -analytic study and all 43 patient’s records with a diagnosis of stroke that transferred by Emergency Medical System to hospital in Arak City was selected. The study Checklist was contained information about age, sex, type of accident prehospital, response time, scene time, transfer time and total time from inpatients records and Emergency Center statistics .Regarding data analysis,SPSS19 software and descriptive statistical tests were used. Results: Mean (SD) of age all patients were 73/7±3/8 and 51/2% were women. Ambulance paramedics' stroke diagnosis was correct in 15 (34/9%),20(46/5%)of false and 8(18/6%) not diagnosed for stroke patients who initially presented to them. The most common non stroke conditions were confusion. Mean response time and scene time, transfer time and total time were 6/9,16/9,9/1 and 35/3 minutes, respectively. In patients with correct diagnose stroke, mean response, scene, transfer and total time were 7,17/1,3/9 and 35/7 minutes. The people with the wrong diagnosis or no diagnosis of stroke by emergency medical personnel were taken to hospital, Mean response, scene, transfer and total time were 6/9, 16/8,9/7 and 33/5 minutes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that, the correct diagnosis by EMS personnel could be resulted faster transferring patient to definite treatment center.It is recommended to develop prehospital diagnosis tool of stroke, which is contextually adapted and appropriate to facilitate diagnose of strokes and improve the quality of care

Assessment of Stroke Patients’ Status and Their Transfer Time by Emergency Medical Services to Valiasr Hospital in Arak, Iran

Background: Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in the world and these complications can be decreased by competent emergency care. Emergency medical service (EMS) transfer half of the stroke patients to hospitals. This study aimed to determine diagnosis of status and transfer time of stroke patients by EMS to a main hospital (Valiasr) in Arak City. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive analytic study and conducted on 43 patients with a diagnosis of stroke that transferred by EMS to Valiasr Hospital in Arak City. Data were collected through a checklist which contained information about age, sex, type of accident, response time, scene time, transfer time, and total time from inpatients records and Emergency Center statistics. Regarding data analysis, descriptive statistical tests were performed by SPSS 19. Results: The mean(SD) age of patients was 73.7(3.8) years and 51.2% of them were women. The stroke diagnosis by EMS technicians was correct in 15(34.9%) cases. In 20(46.5%) cases, the diagnosis was wrong and in 8(18.6%) cases, there were not any diagnosis. The most common non-stroke condition was confusion. The mean response time and arrival time to location, transfer time, and total time were 6.9, 16.9, 9.1, and 35.3 minutes, respectively. In patients with correct diagnosis and wrong or no diagnosis, these mean times were 7, 17.1, 3.9, and 35.7 minutes and 6.9, 16.8, 9.7, and 33.5 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that an accurate diagnosis by EMS technicians could be an indicator for faster transfer of the patient to treatment center. It is recommended that more appropriate pre-hospital diagnosis tools of stroke be developed and handed to EMS staff, for more accurate diagnosis of strokes and their better treatment

Diagnosis and Transfer of Stroke Patients by Emergency Medical Services: Case of Vali-Asr hospital, Arak

Introduction: Currently, volunteer forces are among the main members of the healthcare service body, particularly in the treatment sector, and play a key role in healthcare and treatment services. Since efficient human resources are the greatest and most important assets of all organizations, the organization constantly works to train, retain, and get maximum benefit of these valuable assets. The main objective of this work is to prioritize the Motivational factors and satisfaction of the volunteer forces participating in treatment and health programs in the case of emergencies. Methods: The statistic research community of this work is all volunteers (N=600) in treatment and health programs in Kerman province. Using the Morgan Table, 360 statistical subjects were selected. The data-gathering instrument used in this research was Andam’s questionnaire of motivational factors with reliability of 0.94, and Galindo-Kuhn and Guzley (2001) questionnaire of satisfaction with reliability of 0.92. To determine research data distribution, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied. Moreover, for data analysis inferential statistics tests of Friedman, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis were used at significance level of p<0.05. Results: The present research revealed that the most and least important motivational factors in volunteers of treatment and health units are purposeful motivation and financial motivation with average rankings of 5.45 and 1.99, respectively. In addition, among the satisfaction factors, the volunteers reported communication with volunteers and organizational communication as the most and least important satisfaction factors, respectively. The results of this research indicated that the female volunteers participated in volunteer activities with greater occupational, support, progress, and social motivations. In addition, single participants had greater occupational, social, and financial motivations towards participation in these activities as compared to married participants. conclusion: The results of this research revealed that to absorb a higher number of volunteers in health and treatment organizations, it is required to have an emphasis on commitment and purposeful aspects, as by improving the motivational and satisfaction factors, we can be hope that satisfaction and retention level increases in volunteers. Furthermore, by knowing the volunteers’ motivations, the managers of the health and treatment organizations can provide their retention and satisfaction and play a key role in crisis management during disasters by exploiting the volunteer services

The Impact of Nurses Training and Applying Functional and Nonstructural Hospital Safety in Preparedness of Razi and Day Hospitals in Disasters Based on Hospital Safety Index

Background: Hospitals in Iran are not prepared for disasters the aim of this study was to&nbsp;determine the effect of training functional and nonstructural hospital safety to nurses and their&nbsp;intervention on hospital preparedness in psychiatric Razi Hospital and Day Hospital in Tehran&nbsp;based on Hospital Safety Index (HSI). Materials&nbsp; and&nbsp; Methods:&nbsp; This&nbsp; semi-experimental&nbsp; study&nbsp; included&nbsp; nurse&nbsp; managers&nbsp; of&nbsp; Razi&nbsp;and Day hospitals as study sample. Research tool was checklist of hospital safety. Validity&nbsp;and reliability of the checklist was determined 93%. At first the checklist was filled out, then&nbsp;preparedness plan including a 1-day workshop about disaster management, functional and nonstructural safety and a table tab maneuvers held. Then, after two months, nonstructural and&nbsp;functional safety of the hospitals was re-evaluated by HSI checklist. Data were analyzed by&nbsp;using Excel file of the tool. Results: Findings showed that scores in most items of nonstructural and functional safety in&nbsp;HSI checklist significantly increased in two hospitals after workshop and nursing performance.&nbsp;Before intervention, these scores were 0.40 and 0.56 for Razi and Day hospitals, respectively&nbsp;which increased to 0.57, 0.86 after training. Conclusion: Results showed that teaching nonstructural and functional safety to nurses and&nbsp;using these principles by nurses can promote hospital safety and preparedness. Comparison&nbsp;between hospitals showed that allocating more budget and executive power to the nurses can&nbsp;increase further the hospital preparedness. Given the key role of nurses in disaster preparedness,&nbsp;it is recommended to teach and apply functional and nonstructural safety of hospitals to nursing&nbsp;managers

The Effect of Teaching Principles of Hospital Preparedness According to the National Program on Preparedness of Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital of Tehran in Response to Disasters

Background: In the event of a disaster, hospitals and health care centers are among the first response units that their efficient and timely health care provision can have a crucial and decisive role in reducing mortality and rescuing injured patients. Accidents and disasters always have a negative impact on public health and welfare of their damaged population and health care measures are the main factors for survival in this situation. Hospitals are among the first centers that are engaged in unexpected complications of accidents. These events pose unique problems, responding to which requires preparation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of teaching principles of hospital preparedness according to the national program on preparedness of Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital of Tehran in response to disasters. Materials and Methods: This research was an interventional study of a quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest. Tehran Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital has been purposefully selected as a research environment. Data collection instrument was the World Health Organization standard checklist comprised of 9 components and 91 questions which was used after confirming its validity and reliability. The researcher collected the relevant data by interview and observation. Training program which included 1-day workshop on hospital preparedness in accidents and disasters based on national program was taught to directors and crisis committee members. One month later, the study instrument was completed by the researcher again as the posttest. Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that total score of hospital preparedness changed from 178 to 210 in the follow-up. Before the intervention, the hospital had the highest preparedness regarding components of command and control and the lowest preparedness in the post-disaster recovery. After the intervention, the highest increase of preparedness was observed in the communication component. Also with respect to safety and security, the preparedness of the hospital did not change. Conclusion: The results indicate the positive impact of education of national program to deal with accidents and disasters in increasing the hospitals preparedness in response to disasters. To create and maintain the preparedness of hospitals, it is recommended that training and implementation of national program be included in the major programs of these institutions

Effects Hospital Incident Command System Establishment on Disaster Preparedness of Tehran Hospitals Affiliated to Law Enforcement Staff Under Simulated Conditions

Background: Hospitals as the essential health service providers should manage their performance during incidents and disasters. The Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) is helpful in this regard. The establishment of this system assists the hospital disaster risk management committee to get prepared in emergency situations. This study aimed to assess the effect of HICS establishment on preparedness of Police Hospitals in Tehran, Iran during disasters, under simulated conditions. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental interventional study. The study participants were 55 managers of Imam Sajjad and Vali Asr hospitals in Tehran selected by census method (23 from Imam Sajjad Hospital as the control group, and 32 from Vali Asr Hospital as the experimental group). The preparedness of hospitals was measured before the intervention using Hospital Preparedness Scale (HPS) designed by Khankeh (2012). After establishment of HICS in Vali Asr Hospital, the hospital managers received a 3-day training through incident scenario. After one month, their preparedness was measured again by HPS instrument. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS (Version 18) using descriptive statistics, Independent t test and Chi-square test. Results: Establishment of HICS significantly increased preparedness of hospitals in communications, continuity of vital services, manpower, and procurement and logistics areas. Conclusion: Establishment of HICS can improve the hospitals preparedness at times of disasters in many aspects. It is suggested that similar studies be conducted in private and public hospitals with longer follow-up time

The Effect of the Implementation of the National Program for Hospital Preparedness on the Readiness of Nurses Under Simulated Conditions of Incidents and Disasters

Background: Nurses are the largest group of health care providers to the injured people and promoting their preparedness is among the basic principles of health management in incidents and disasters. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the implementation of the national program for hospital preparedness on the readiness of nurses under simulated conditions of incidents and disasters. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design was conducted on the head nurses of Madaen Hospital in Tehran who were selected by total count sampling method. To collect data, demographic and disaster preparedness and response questionnaires were used, which consisted of three parts: knowledge, attitude, and performance. The intervention program was conducted in the form of a 2-day workshop of disaster management along with toptable exercise. Then preparedness of nurses were measured before and one month after the intervention. Data analysis was done with SPSS 18 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests were performed. Significant level was considered at less than 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups of intervention and control with regard to the average scores of knowledge (P=0.55), attitude (P=0.633), and performance (P=0.836) before the intervention. After the intervention, the average scores of knowledge (P=0.007), attitude (P=0.0001), and performance (P=0.0001) in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The results also showed that after the intervention, the average test scores of knowledge (P=0.009), attitude (P=0.0001), and performance (P=0.0001) in the intervention group increased significantly compared to their pretest scores, while the average scores of knowledge (P=0.170), attitude (P=0.200), and performance (P=0.341) for the pretest and posttest of the control group did not differ significantly. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that education of national hospital preparedness program under simulated conditions of incidents and disasters increased knowledge, attitude, and performance (preparation) of nurses in response to the incidents and disasters

Excruciating Care: Experiences of Care Transition from Hospital to Home among the Family Caregivers of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Background: Transition of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) from hospital to home often involves a shift in caregiving responsibility from health-care providers to family caregivers. Poor care transition may lead to poor care-related outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore experiences of care transition from hospital to home among the family caregivers of patients with SCI. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2018-2019. Participants were 17 family caregivers of patients with SCI who were purposively recruited from two specialty SCI care centers in Iran. In-depth semi-structured interviews were held for data collection. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The following four main categories were developed during data analysis: lack of knowledge (with two subcategories), excruciating care (with two subcategories), emotional burden of caregiving (with three subcategories), and need for support (with two subcategories). The nine subcategories of these main categories were lack of medical and care-related information, seeking for information, heavy burden of daily caregiving, need for providing professional care at home, feelings of sadness and sorrow, feeling of insufficiency, restriction of life, limited support by family members and relatives, and limited financial support by the government. Conclusion: Family caregivers of patients with SCI experience many challenges and problems during care transition from hospital to home, which can affect the quality of their care services for their patients. Therefore, they need ongoing support throughout the process of care