Bias assessment for randomised controlled trials meeting inclusion criteria.

<p>A score of 0 indicates “no”; a score of 1 indicates “yes”.</p

Methods of studies meeting inclusion criteria.

<p>AFB, acid-fast bacilli; ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; CDC, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; IPT, isoniazid preventive therapy; IQR, interquartile range; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PCS, prospective cohort study; PI, protease inhibitor; RCS, retrospective cohort study; RCT, randomised controlled trial; SD, standard deviation; TB, tuberculosis; TST, tuberculin skin test.</p

Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale for studies meeting inclusion criteria.

<p>A score of 0 indicates “no”; a score of 1 or 2 indicates “yes”. Studies scoring ≥67% were considered high methodological quality, 34%–66% were considered moderate methodological quality, and ≤33% were considered low methodological quality. Given that the distribution of possible confounders in randomised controlled trials is related to chance alone, randomised controlled trials were not assessed for confounding.</p><p>ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; NA, not applicable.</p

Antiretroviral therapy use and pooled hazard ratios of tuberculosis by baseline CD4 count.

<p>The circles represent pooled estimates, and the vertical lines represent 95% confidence intervals. The <i>p</i>-value for hazard ratio modification by baseline CD4 count category is 0.20. <i>I</i>² values for the 0–200, 201–350, and greater than 350 cells/µl categories are 0%, 58%, and 0%, respectively.</p

Relative risks of community-based HTC versus facility-based HTC among key populations.

<p>The numerator for all RRs was the risk of an outcome in community-based testing, while the denominator was the risk of an outcome in facility-based testing.</p

Uptake of door-to-door HTC.

<p>Asterisk: data reported were exclusively from children aged 18 mo.–13 y.</p

Uptake of self-testing.

<p>Uptake of self-testing.</p

Uptake of school-based HTC.

<p>Uptake of school-based HTC.</p

Pooled relative risks of community- versus facility-based HTC sensitivity analyses.

<p>N/A, not applicable.</p

Number needed to screen to identify a person with HIV in studies offering community- and facility-based HTC.

<p>The Henry-Reid et al. <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001496#pmed.1001496-HenryReid1" target="_blank">[87]</a> study was excluded since it did not find any people with HIV among the 20 school participants screened.</p