Traditional Turkish Coffee with Medicinal Effect

Traditional Turkish coffee (TTC) is highly associated with caffeine and is known as a mind and heart stimulant as it helps keep tiredness at bay. Daily consumption of TTC naturally benefits human health such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, improved energy, anti-depression, reduced risk of heart disease, etc. The TTC was derived from particular types of Arabic coffee beans (ACB), and the preparation method of TTC is unique from other types of coffee. The main objective of the study was to investigate the therapeutic and biological effects of TTC. The ACB powder was characterized physicochemically using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In vitro analysis using HaCaT (Human keratinocyte cell line) proved the biocompatibility of ACB powder. Case studies which were focusing on healthy individuals as the research populace were conducted using TTC. Consumption of TTC was found beneficially compared to other types of coffee. The TTC was obtained from ACB, which was characterized by spectroscopic techniques and displayed biocompatibility due to the results on HaCaT cell lines. The TTC has beneficial therapeutic effects on individuals. According to statistical analysis, the disease-affected ratio of diabetes, heart disease, and depression was significantly decreased

Regenerated products from leather industrial solid waste: Future perspective and current advances

The removal of chrome waste (CW) has been identified as a significant environmental problem due to chromium's toxicity. This study tried to make a regenerated flexible sheet (RFS) with a leather alternative effect from chrome waste powder (CWP), cardboard waste fiber (CBWF), and protein binder (PB) fabricated by the hydraulic wet and hot press method. The prepared RFS was characterized by its High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical analysis, and biodegradation properties. The result showed the strong binding achieved with fiber/polymer membrane for RFS. In this regard, RFS with suitable mechanical properties such as tensile strength (37.54 ± 1.32 MPa), elongation at break (33.64 ± 0.52 %), flexibility (5.34 ± 0.67 %), water absorption (27.74 ± 1.56 %), and water desorption (27.46 ± 0.76 %) properties. RFS possessed the required mechanical properties for leather sheet production and it was also biodegradable. The study proves that these composites could be successfully used for the production of cost-effective leather goods and footwear production. Production of useful byproducts from waste is income generating and at the same time reduces environmental pollution and a feasible technology for waste recycling has been proved in this study

Efficacy of glycoprotein-based nanocurcumin/silk fibroin electrospun scaffolds: Perspective for bone apatite formation

In this research, a blend of poly (vinyl) alcohol (PVA), silk fibroin nanofibers (SF-NFs), hydroxyapatite nano pArticles (HA-NPs), and curcumin nanopArticles (Cu-NPs) were used to design a nanofibrous scaffold (NFS), by electrospun method, for their possible application in bone apatite formation. The prepared nanofibrous scaffold (NFS) was investigated using physicochemical, mechanical, cell viability, etc. The bioactivity test of NFS was evaluated after immersion in SBF (simulated body fluid). NFS from PVA, SF-NFs, HA-NPs, and Cu-NPs exhibited outstanding physicochemical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties. PVA: SF-NFs: HA-NPs: Cu-NPs scaffold excellent antimicrobial performance against E.coli (4.16 +/- 0.16 mm) and S.aureus (4.88 +/- 0.10 mm). Biocompatibility studies were assessed using human osteosarcoma MG63 cell line, which displayed 100% viable cell presence in PVA: SF-NFs: HA-NPs: Cu-NPs. Based on the characterization, results indicated that they are excellent scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.[118C350]The award of TUBITAK 2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher (Project No: 118C350) to Dr. Rethinam Senthil is greatfully acknowledged

Fabrication of cylindrical bone graft substitute supported by reduced graphene-oxide and nanocurcumin to promotes the bone tissue development

In this study, a prototype technique was used to develop cylindrical bone graft substitute (C-BGS) from gelatin (GEL) derived from fish skin, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) from fishbone, reduced graphene oxide (R-GO), and nanocurcumin (Nano-Cu) for their potential application in bone graft substitute. The impact of the inclusion of R-GO and Nano-Cu on the physicochemical characteristics, antibacterial, and in vitro properties of the C-BGS was assessed. The C-BGS showed compressive strength of 13.64 +/- 0.20 (MPa) and elongation at break (%) of 23.76 +/- 0.20. The antibacterial activity of C-BGS against E.coli and S.aureus was excellent. In vitro study, revealed 98% cell viability on the C-BGS. The C-BGS with physicochemical, antibacterial, and biocompatibility properties can tried as a bone graft substitute material.[118C350]Acknowledgments The award of TUBITAK 2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher (Project No: 118C350) to Dr. Rethinam Senthil is greatfully acknowledge

Preparation of biocompatible polymeric bio-scaffold as wound healing activity: Characterization and In vivo analysis

In this study, a combination of collagen (CL), gelatin (GL) and squid ink (SI) were used to produce a biocompatible polymeric bio-scaffold (CL, CL: GL and CL: GL: SI) was examined for wound healing purposes. Biocompatible polymeric bio-scaffold (BPBS) plays an important role in wound care due to their cost-effective, good mechanical properties, bio-compatible and antimicrobial characteristics. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the BPBS has showed the heat stability and nature of samples, respectively, and while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed the blending of CL fiber, GL, and SI pattern interface. BPBS displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against both E.coli and S.aureus. The inhibition zone of BPBS results obtained in 4.57 +/- 0.30 mm against E.coli and 4.74 +/- 0.15 mm against S.aureus. Mechanical characteristics of BPBS shows tensile strength of 20.88 +/- 0.05 (Mpa), 17.74 +/- 0.05 (%) as Elongation at break, 26.31 +/- 0.21 (%) of flexibility and water absorption of 29.80 +/- 0.05 (%). Invitro analysis of CL: GL: SI, displayed 100% biocompatibility and cell viability was found 3rd days. In vivo study using mice by excisional animal model examined the CL: GL: SI scaffold can significantly accelerate the process of wound healing.Dr. Senthil Rethinam acknowledges the funding support granted by the 2232International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher Program of TUBITAK, Turkey, (Project No: 118C350) .TUBITAK, Turkey [118C350

Functionalized electrospun nanofibers for high efficiency removal of particulate matter

In recent years, introducing electrospun airfilters to enhance the removal of PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 has received much interest. In this study, a novel poly-(vinyl) alcohol (PVA)/carbon nanopArticle (CNP)/tea leaf extract (TLE), functionalized nanofibrous air filter (FNA) was fabricated using an electrospinning method. Novelty of the unique work in the blending of CNP and TLE, first of its kind, for the preparation of FNA. Polysaccharide crosslinked FNA has a carbon complex with two monosaccharide units to produce the intrinsic properties of the PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 removal efficiency. The FNA had promising traits of UV protection. The prepared FNA was characterized using physicochemical, mechanical, antimicrobial activity, etc., in addition to its PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 removal efficiency. Pore size and distribution study using the capillary flow porometry method has proved the structure of FNA. FNA exhibited excellent low pressure drop (110 Pa), which are promising characteristics for air purification. FNA from PVA: CNP: TLE exhibited high PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 removal efficiencies of 99.25% and 99.29%, respectively. Hence, the study proved.2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher Program of TUBITAK (Project No: 118C350).TUBITAK [118C350

C(acyl)-C(sp(2)) and C(sp(2))-C(sp(2)) Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions using nitrile-functionalized NHC palladium complexes

Application of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) palladium complexes has been successful for the modulation of C-C coupling reactions. For this purpose, a series of azolium salts (1a - f) including benzothiazolium, benzimidazolium, and imidazolium, bearing a CN-substituted benzyl moiety, and their (NHC)(2)PdBr2 (2a - c) and PEPPSI-type palladium (3b-f) complexes have been systematically prepared to catalyse acylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of acyl chlorides with arylboronic acids to form benzophenone derivatives in the presence of potassium carbonate as a base and to catalyse the traditional Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of bromobenzene with arylboronic acids to form biaryls. ALL the synthesized compounds were fully characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopies. X-ray diffraction studies on single crystals of 3c, 3e and 3f prove the square planar geometry. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), metal mapping analyses and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to get further insights into the mechanism of the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reactions. Mechanistic studies have revealed that the stability and coordination of the complexes by the CN group are achieved by the removal of pyridine from the complex in catalytic cycles. The presence of the CN group in the (NHC)Pd complexes significantly increased the catalytic activities for both reactions.Ege University [FYL-2018-20197]; Dokuz Eylul University [2010.KB.FEN.13]; 2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher Program of TUBITAK [118C350]Financial support from Ege University (Project FYL-2018-20197) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors acknowledge Dokuz Eylul University for using of the Rigaku Oxford Xcalibur Eos Diffractometer (purchased under University Research Grant No. 2010.KB.FEN.13). Dr Senthil Rethinam acknowledges the funding support granted by the 2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher Program of TUBITAK (Project No: 118C350)

Curcumin nanoparticles supported gelatin-collagen scaffold: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro study

It is possible to reveal the potential of water-insoluble drugs by increasing their solubility in water with some nanotechnology techniques. Nanosuspension technology can solve this problem by increasing the water solubility and as well as bioavailability of these drugs. The present work is pointed at the evaluation of nano suspension of curcumin, a poorly water-soluble drug. The Curcumin nanoparticules (CNs) were prepared with ultrasonnication method using dichloromethane as solvent and water as antisolvent and characterized via spectroscopic methods (UV-vis and FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Curcumin nanoparticules Biofilms (CNs-BF) supported gelatin-collagen scaffold were prepared. Curcumin nanoparticles were obtained by nanosuspension technique. And then, to overcome the limited effects of curcumin such as solubility and bioavailability, nanoparticle films were prepared by incorporating it into the structure of biocompatible collagen gelatin scaffolds. Curcumin is limited by some factors that limit its clinical applicability, such as low oral bioavailability, poor water solubility and rapid degradation. However, they can be applied clinically when they are included in the structure of biocompatible gelatin-collagen scaffolds.2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher Program of TUBITAK [118C350]2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher Program of TUBITAK (Project No: 118C350)

Characterization of Changes due to pH Variations in Beta Peptide ((25-35)) Leading to Alzheimer's Disease

Rajendran, Thirugnanasambandam/0000-0001-8158-9133; Rajendran, Thirugnanasambandam/0000-0001-8158-9133;WOS: 000498986900001The effect of various concentrations of amyloid beta peptide (ABP) in different pH (pH 2, 6, 7, 8, 10) in aging at different time intervals was analysed using various techniques. the pH 7.4 and 8 were compared with other pH solution which indicated that the secondary structure content with high beta-sheet conformation is found at pH 7.4 and 8. Phosphate buffer solutions (pH) were detected using CD spectroscopy. the CD spectra of peptide in phosphate buffer (pH 2 and 10) on aging at time intervals were also analysed with the aging of sample (pH 2) on the 10th day. the results showed no major secondary structural changes in the peptide, which was indicative predominant random coil structure. the phosphate buffer pH 6, 7.4, 8 on the 10th day showed the occurrence of crossover point. This same sample smear on slide was mounded and the fibrils were visualized using the light microscope. the percent of viable cell in different pH was detected in MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethyazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay using human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the growth and development of fibrils