Significados que le atribuyen un grupo de trabajadoras sexuales pertenecientes a la agrupación Transfemenina Traves en la comuna de Concepción en torno a la organización social como ocupación colectiva desde una mirada de género y patriarcado

Tesis (Terapeuta Ocupacional)En la siguiente investigación se trabajó con una agrupación de mujeres transexuales que ejercen el trabajo sexual. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue conocer y entender los significados de esta organización social como una ocupación colectiva, desde una mirada de género y patriarcado que le atribuye la agrupación Transfemenina Traves de Concepción. Este estudio se realizó porque no existen investigaciones desde la Terapia Ocupacional que aborden las temáticas del trabajo sexual desde una perspectiva social, sino que las investigaciones encontradas sólo se enfocan en la funcionalidad y no en las problemáticas expresadas desde las mismas mujeres que ejercen el trabajo sexual. En el presente trabajo, se pudo evidenciar cómo el sistema patriarcal influye en la cotidianidad de las trabajadoras sexuales debido al estigma y prejuicios existentes hacia ellas, provocando un malestar psicosocial en las integrantes de la agrupación. El principal resultado de la investigación fue entender que la agrupación Transfemenina Traves se convirtió en una ocupación colectiva, ya que las participantes se organizaron bajo un mismo objetivo para lograr el bienestar psicosocial, a pesar de que existen componentes socioculturales perjudiciales para ellas. Este trabajo se basó en el método cualitativo, ya que en el estudio de la agrupación se consideraron sus cualidades y características. Con esta metodología se enfatizó la subjetividad de las integrantes y el significado que éstas le atribuyen a la forma que tienen de organizarse dentro de la agrupación. Con el objetivo de dar coherencia con la metodología cualitativa, se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación de los miembros.In the following research, we worked with a group of transsexual women who practice sex work. The main objective of this work was to know and understand the meaning of a social organization as a collective occupation from a gender and patriarchal perspective, attributed by the group “Transfemenina Traves” from the city of Concepción. This study was conducted because of the nonexistence of research in the Occupational Therapy field addressing the issues of sex work from a social perspective. Past researches only focused on the functionality and not on the problems concerning the women performing sex work. This investigation presents evidence how the patriarchal system influences the daily life of the sex workers due to the stigma and prejudices existing in the society, causing a psychosocial discomfort in the members of the group. The main result of this research was to understand that the group “Transfemenina Traves” became a collective occupation, because the members were organized under a same objective with the aim to achieve a psychosocial wellbeing, even though the sociocultural components harming them. This work was based on a qualitative method, meaning that while studying the group, their qualities and characteristics were considered. With this methodology, the subjectivity of each member was emphasized and the meaning attributed by them to the way they have to organize inside the group. In order of coherence with the qualitative methodology, semistructured interviews and observation of the members were use

Circumstellar Medium Interaction in SN 2018lab, A Low-Luminosity II-P Supernova observed with TESS

We present photometric and spectroscopic data of SN 2018lab, a low luminosity type IIP supernova (LLSN) with a V-band peak luminosity of $-15.1\pm0.1$ mag. SN 2018lab was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc (DLT40) SNe survey only 0.73 days post-explosion, as determined by observations from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). TESS observations of SN 2018lab yield a densely sampled, fast-rising, early time light curve likely powered by circumstellar medium (CSM) interaction. The blue-shifted, broadened flash feature in the earliest spectra ($<$2 days) of SN 2018lab provide further evidence for ejecta-CSM interaction. The early emission features in the spectra of SN 2018lab are well described by models of a red supergiant progenitor with an extended envelope and close-in CSM. As one of the few LLSNe with observed flash features, SN 2018lab highlights the need for more early spectra to explain the diversity of flash feature morphology in type II SNe

Strong Carbon Features and a Red Early Color in the Underluminous Type Ia SN 2022xkq

We present optical, infrared, ultraviolet, and radio observations of SN 2022xkq, an underluminous fast-declining type Ia supernova (SN Ia) in NGC 1784 ($\mathrm{D}\approx31$ Mpc), from $<1$ to 180 days after explosion. The high-cadence observations of SN 2022xkq, a photometrically transitional and spectroscopically 91bg-like SN Ia, cover the first days and weeks following explosion which are critical to distinguishing between explosion scenarios. The early light curve of SN 2022xkq has a red early color and exhibits a flux excess which is more prominent in redder bands; this is the first time such a feature has been seen in a transitional/91bg-like SN Ia. We also present 92 optical and 19 near-infrared (NIR) spectra, beginning 0.4 days after explosion in the optical and 2.6 days after explosion in the NIR. SN 2022xkq exhibits a long-lived C I 1.0693 $\mu$m feature which persists until 5 days post-maximum. We also detect C II $\lambda$6580 in the pre-maximum optical spectra. These lines are evidence for unburnt carbon that is difficult to reconcile with the double detonation of a sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf. No existing explosion model can fully explain the photometric and spectroscopic dataset of SN 2022xkq, but the considerable breadth of the observations is ideal for furthering our understanding of the processes which produce faint SNe Ia.Comment: 38 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, the figure 15 input models and synthetic spectra are now available at https://zenodo.org/record/837925