cytokine production in healthy controls versus patients with quiescent CD.

<p>Cytokine levels (pg/ml) are presented as medians with the interquartile range [IQR]. TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL, Interleukin; IQR, interquartile range; CD, Crohn's disease.</p><p>cytokine production in healthy controls versus patients with quiescent CD.</p

Primer sequences and conditions for the TNF-α promoter gene.

<p>Mg_: Magnesium concentration.</p><p>Primer sequences and conditions for the TNF-α promoter gene.</p

Cytokine production and disease characteristics.

<p>Cytokine levels (pg/ml) are presented as medians with the interquartile range [IQR]. HC, Healthy control; TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL, Interleukin; L1, ileal disease; L2, colonic disease; L3, ileocolonic disease; P-, no peri-anal disease; P+, peri-anal disease; IQR, interquartile range.</p><p>Cytokine production and disease characteristics.</p

Relation between cytokine production and disease severity.

<p>Values are presented as medians (pg/ml) with the interquartile range. For the number of bowel resections and treatment exposure patients were dichotomized in a low and high group according to the number of resections or the percentage of years in which they were treated with steroids, thiopurines, biologicals, methotrexate or cyclosporine, corrected for disease duration. Two patients were excluded for the analysis for treatment exposure, because no complete drug history was available. TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL, Interleukin; L1, ileal disease; L3, ileocolonic disease; P-, no fistulas; P+, fistulating disease.</p

Baseline characteristics of the included patients with CD and HC.

<p>CD, Crohn’s disease; HC, healthy controls; SD, standard deviation; 5-ASA, 5-aminosalicylic acid.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of the included patients with CD and HC.</p