Patient demographics.

<p>Patient demographics.</p

Emergency department charges across payer group for the ten most frequent outpatient conditions.

<p>Vertical bars indicate median charge for each of the ten conditions by insurance type: uninsured (black), Medicaid (dark grey), and private insurance (light grey). Medicaid patients were charged the most overall (median $1305), followed by private insurance ($1245), and uninsured patients ($1178).</p

Ten most frequent treat and release ED Diagnoses, 2006–2008.

<p>Ten most frequent treat and release ED Diagnoses, 2006–2008.</p

Participants' fund of knowledge at six months compared to after initial training.

*<p>by paired t test.</p

Reported reasons for not providing assistance.

*<p>n = 179 unless otherwise noted</p>†<p>by paired t test</p

Use of specific skills before and six months after the first-aid course.

*<p>n = 171 pairs, except for checking airway/breathing: n = 169 pairs.</p>†<p>by paired t test.</p>‡<p>was evaluated at three months and not at initial training.</p

Most commonly used skills and supplies from the first-aid course.

<p>Most commonly used skills and supplies from the first-aid course.</p

Cost per death averted and per life year saved of training 9000 lay first responders.

<p>Cost per death averted and per life year saved of training 9000 lay first responders.</p

Annual cost of training 3000 lay first-responders (Base case).

<p>Annual cost of training 3000 lay first-responders (Base case).</p