Social Media and Company Stock Performance: A Thematic and Bibliometric Review

Theoretical background: The latent impact of the social media on company stock market performance or equity value has already been empirically studied. It is still in its infancy, although it has received increasing attention over the past few years. No efforts have yet been made to systematically review these studies in order to provide researchers and practitioners with an overview of the state-of-the-art links between social media and stock market performance of companies. This makes our work different from other recently published review papers on social media. Purpose of the article: The goal of this paper is to review, systematize, and integrate existing research on links between social media releases and stock performance, including research production timeline, global contributions, source analysis, affiliations, author locations, and citations of studies on social media (Twitter especially). A further objective is to comprehend the conceptual and intellectual structure of the relevant literature and to identify the knowledge base of social media use in investor relations and financial communication. Research methods: This study employs thematic and bibliometric analysis methodology on 135 peer reviewed papers obtained from two databases (Web of Science and Scopus) and provides an analysis of science mapping, including co-citation analysis, bibliometric coupling, word analysis, and trending topics regarding the relationship between social media releases and stock performance. Main findings: Our results provide three emerging clusters: (1) company stock performance, (2) investor or sentiment analysis, (3) user-generated content and several niche topic clusters: (4) corporate governance and disclosure (5) capabilities and earnings management and (6) economic and social effects. This study indicates that social media have significantly altered the corporate information landscape. Companies and information consumers must incorporate the new channels into their information dissemination or acquisition, and decision-making processes

Ocena zaawansowania niedrobnokomórkowego raka płuca metodą tomografii komputerowej i pozytonowej tomografii emisyjnej skojarzonej z tomografią komputerową

Introduction. Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in developed countries. Radiological imaging methods are the basic methods in early diagnosis of this disease. TNM classification is a very important tool for optimal treatment in non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Conventional radiological techniques allow the evaluation of the stage on the basis of anatomical changes only, while PET-CT provides information about the biochemical processes that may precede anatomical changes. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy and sensitivity of CT and PET-CT in the staging of NSCLC. Material and methods. The study was conducted on a group of 99 patients with NSCLC diagnosed at the Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases in the period from January 2008 to May 2010. CT and PET-CT were performed in all patients. Histological or cytological examination of the material obtained from biopsy, bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, and intraoperatively was the reference test. TNM classification was performed independently after CT and PET-CT. Results and conclusions. It has been shown that PET-CT is a more accurate and sensitive method than CT in the staging process in NSCLC. PET-CT allowed the correct classification of the T, N, M, and total TNM in, respectively, 97%, 95%, 99%, and 89% of cases, while for CT it was, respectively, 95%, 84%, 84%, and 68% (p = 0.0002).Wstęp. Rak płuca jest najczęstszą przyczyną zgonów z powodu nowotworów złośliwych w krajach rozwiniętych. Metody diagnostyki obrazowej stanowią podstawę wczesnego rozpoznania tej choroby. Klasyfikacja TNM jest bardzo ważnym narzędziem pozwalającym na optymalne postępowanie w niedrobnokomórkowym raku płuca (NSCLC). Konwencjonalne techniki radiologiczne pozwalają na ocenę stopnia zaawansowania tylko na podstawie zmian anatomicznych, natomiastpozytonowa tomografia emisyjna skojarzona z tomografią komputerową (PET-CT) dostarcza informacji o procesach biochemicznych, mogących poprzedzać zmiany anatomiczne. Celem pracy było porównanie dokładności i czułości CT i PET-CT w ocenie zaawansowania NSCLC. Materiał i metody. Badanie przeprowadzono w grupie 99 chorych na NSCLC diagnozowanych w Instytucie Gruźlicy i Chorób Płuc w okresie od stycznia 2008 rou do maja 2010 roku. U wszystkich chorych wykonywano badania CT i PET-CT. Testem referencyjnym było badanie histologiczne lub cytologiczne materiału uzyskanego z oligobiopsji, bronchoskopii, mediastinoskopii oraz śródoperacyjnie. Klasyfikacji TNM dokonano niezależnie po badaniu CT i PET-CT. Wyniki i wnioski. Wykazano, że badanie PET-CT jest metodą bardziej dokładną i czułą od CT w ocenie stopnia zaawansowania NSCLC. Badanie PET-CT pozwala na właściwą klasyfikację cech T, N, M i łącznie TNM, odpowiednio w: 97%, 95%, 99%, 89% przypadków; natomiast badanie CT odpowiednio w: 95%, 84%, 84%, 68% (p = 0,0002)

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Land factors of the a4 motorway of the Kraków-Tarnów section

Tematem niniejszego opracowania jest przybliżenie zagadnień związanych z procesem przygotowania inwestycji drogowej do realizacji (autostrada A4). Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na procedurę dotyczącą przygotowania dokumentacji geodezyjnej i formalno-prawnej w kontekście sposobu pozyskiwania gruntów na rzecz Skarbu Państwa, niezbędnych do zajęcia pod pasy drogowe.The subject of this paper is to introduce the problems related to the process of preparation road investments to their realization (the A4 motorway). Particular attention is paid to the procedure referring to preparation of geodetic documentation also formal and legal papers in the context of the way of winning the land for the use of State Treasury, indispensable for planned road lanes

STATISTICAL CONTENTS OF ITALIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLTEXTBOOKS. A MIXED METHODS RESEARCH

This is the second step of a research project about the diffusion of statistical knowledge among young generations, in which we focus our interest on statistical contents of primary school textbooks. From a precedent survey, we have seen that teachers think that they do not contain sufficient information about data analysis and forecasting of uncertain events, and so the teaching materials are mostly taken from other sources. In the Italian primary school, statistics is placed within the mathematical curriculum, with probability, measures and relationships, and the textbooks present about 6 pages dedicated to statistics and probability at the end of the Math General book. Now we analyse a random sample of 4th and 5th grade textbooks, edited in the last few years in Italy. By using a mixed-methods approach we carry out the content analysis of these texts, starting from an ex ante conceptual grid. This grid allows us to observe the contents of the pages dedicated to the subject. From an inspection of the pedagogical and statistical literature we identify the principal characteristics (vocabulary, structure, graphic system, technological links, exemplifications, etc.) and the statistical tools (mean, mode, median, diagrams, tables, etc., and the mistakes in their presentation) which can not be missed in a good schoolbook for the specific school level. Initially we use the CAQDAS package ATLAS.ti: this scientific software makes our job easier. Indeed, the application of that package permits us to describe accurately the relationships between structural and content aspects of the analysis units, i.e. the textbooks, in which, according to a classical content analysis approach, a lot of characteristics are identified. Subsequently, the codes obtained from the computerized content analysis are transformed in the typical statistical data set: the matrix of data, in which the cases (each textbook) and the variables (each category created in ATLAS.ti) are read and analysed by PASW Statistics package. The aim is measuring the prevalence of the various textbooks characteristics and the level of association between each other. The application of canonical non-linear correlation analysis (OVERALS) to the set of these textbooks characteristics permits the spotlight of content typology. The conjoint use of multi-method techniques - quantitative survey, content analysis, multivariate statistical analysis - puts into act the \u201ctriangulation\u201d. In a methodological perspective multi-methods, triangulation can produce interesting results about the statistical contents of school textbooks and their evaluation

Será um treino de 6 semanas eficiente no aprimoramento de índices de metabolismo energético em cavalos Lusitanos na modalidade de Dressage?

Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a eficácia de um programa de treino na melhoria do condicionamento físico, com consequente aprimoramento do gasto energético (GE) e do custo de transporte (COT) em cavalos Puro-Sangue Lusitanos (PSL) utilizados em dressage. Materiais e Métodos: Nove equinos foram avaliados antes (M1) e após seis semanas (M2) de um programa de treino de 40-80 min de exercícios de dressage, 6x/semana, ajustados individualmente. Em M1 e M2, os animais foram examinados antes (T0), imediatamente após (T1) e com 30min (T2) e 4h (T3) de recuperação do teste de simulação de dressage (TSD), quando foram registadas frequências cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (FR), temperatura corporal (TC) e lactato sanguíneo. Nos TSD, os cavalos utilizaram monitor cardíaco com GPS integrado (Polar M430) para posterior cálculo das seguintes fórmulas: GE (J/kg/min) = 0,0566 x FC1,9955, COT = (FC–35)/kg/m x103. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a ANOVA, teste-t e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: O treino levou a redução significativa na FC e TC, entretanto, a FR e lactato sanguíneo aumentaram após as seis semanas de treino. Houve um aumento significativo na velocidade máxima em M2 (7,36 vs. 5,8 m/s; p=0,0161), sem alterações na FCmax (~158,1 bpm), FCmed (~113,9 bpm), e distância (~220 m). FC (121,7 vs. 114,0 bpm; p<0,001), GE (97,6 vs. 84,7 J/min; p<0,001) e COT (97,3 vs. 88,8 bpm/kg/m.103; p<0,001) reduziram significativamente após as seis semanas de treino. Conclusões: O protocolo de treino foi eficiente na melhoria da condição física dos cavalos, pois houve maior eficiência dos custos de locomoção, com valores menores de GE e COT, após 6 semanas de treino. O uso do monitor cardíaco e posterior cálculo dos índices energéticos mostrou ser uma ferramenta útil e importante para a monitorização adequada de programas de treino e preparação de cavalos de desporto.   Palavras-chave: Cavalo; Lusitano; Metabolismo energético; Dressage

Lung ultrasound examination in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection : multicenter study

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has, by necessity, contributed to rapid advancements in medicine. Owing to the necessity of following strict anti-epidemic sanitary measures when taking care of infected patients, the accessibility of standard diagnostic methods may be limited. Consequently, the significance and potential of bedside diagnostic modalities increase, including lung ultrasound (LUS). Method: Multicenter registry study involving adult patients with confirmed COVID-19, for whom LUS was performed. Results: A total of 228 patients (61% males) qualified for the study. The average age was 60 years (±14), 40% were older than 65 years of age. In 130 from 173 hospitalized patients, HRCT (high-resolution computed tomography) was performed. In 80% of patients, LUS findings indicated interstitial pneumonia. In hospitalized patients multifocally located single B-lines, symmetrical B-lines, and areas of white lung were significantly more frequent as compared to ambulatory patients. LUS findings, both those indicating interstitial syndrome and consolidations, were positively correlated with HRCT images. As compared to HRCT, the sensitivity and specificity of LUS in detecting interstitial pneumonia were 97% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: As compared to HRCT, LUS is characterized by a very high sensitivity and specificity in detecting interstitial pneumonia in COVID-19 patients. Potentially, LUS can be a particularly useful diagnostic modality for COVID-19 patients pneumonia

Cardiac myosin activation with omecamtiv mecarbil in systolic heart failure

BACKGROUND The selective cardiac myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil has been shown to improve cardiac function in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. Its effect on cardiovascular outcomes is unknown. METHODS We randomly assigned 8256 patients (inpatients and outpatients) with symptomatic chronic heart failure and an ejection fraction of 35% or less to receive omecamtiv mecarbil (using pharmacokinetic-guided doses of 25 mg, 37.5 mg, or 50 mg twice daily) or placebo, in addition to standard heart-failure therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of a first heart-failure event (hospitalization or urgent visit for heart failure) or death from cardiovascular causes. RESULTS During a median of 21.8 months, a primary-outcome event occurred in 1523 of 4120 patients (37.0%) in the omecamtiv mecarbil group and in 1607 of 4112 patients (39.1%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86 to 0.99; P = 0.03). A total of 808 patients (19.6%) and 798 patients (19.4%), respectively, died from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.11). There was no significant difference between groups in the change from baseline on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score. At week 24, the change from baseline for the median N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level was 10% lower in the omecamtiv mecarbil group than in the placebo group; the median cardiac troponin I level was 4 ng per liter higher. The frequency of cardiac ischemic and ventricular arrhythmia events was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection, those who received omecamtiv mecarbil had a lower incidence of a composite of a heart-failure event or death from cardiovascular causes than those who received placebo. (Funded by Amgen and others; GALACTIC-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02929329; EudraCT number, 2016 -002299-28.)