Bis[μ-1,3-bis(4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl)benzene-κ2 N:N′]bis[dichloridozinc(II)] N,N′-dimethylformamide disolvate

The title compound, [Zn2Cl4(C12H14N4)2]·2C3H7NO, is located on a centre of inversion with one half of a complex mol­ecule and one dimethyl­formamide solvent mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. The ZnII ion is tetra­hedrally coordinated by two organic ligands and two chloride ions. Each organic ligand acts as a bidentate ligand, connecting two ZnII ions, resulting in a dimeric [2:2] metallamacrocyclic structure. Adjacent mol­ecules are further linked by N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds and the solvent is linked to the complex by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

CO₂ emission reduction potential in China from combined effects of structural adjustment of economy and efficiency improvement

China has committed to decreasing its emission intensity by 60% to 65% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. It is of great importance to evaluate the CO2 emission reduction potential to quantify the amount of CO2 emissions that can be less generated and the amount that should be balanced out. Economic structure adjustment and CO2 emission efficiency improvement will contribute to mitigating CO2 emissions, which always happen simultaneously in the real world. However, few studies consider these issues simultaneously, which can lead to inaccurate estimation. A scenario analysis framework is proposed to estimate their combined effects, and an indicator is proposed to measure the technical feasibility of achieving the reduction potential. A set of scenarios are designed based on this framework and we find that: (1) to achieve carbon neutrality, 6161.16 Mt of CO2 emissions of China can be less generated compared to 2017 levels by significantly increasing its tertiary industry share to high-income entities’ level and adopting the most advanced technology to improve emission efficiency; the remaining 2732.40 Mt of CO2 emissions should be removed by carbon offsetting. Regarding emission intensity, 81.39% can be reduced compared with the 2005 level; and (2) Technical feasibility analysis shows Sichuan, Chongqing, and Anhui have the largest technical barriers in achieving the reduction potential. The proposed scenario analysis framework can provide a reference not only for China to achieve the emission mitigation pledges, but for countries with significant technological differences and structure adjustment to formulate mitigation strategies.</p

Clinical efficacy and safety of edaravone therapy in acute cerebral haemorrhage

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of edaravone in the treatment of acute cerebral haemorrhage (ACH).Methods: This study recruited 120 patients who developed ACH. The patients were divided into control and treatment groups with 60 patients per group. The control group underwent conventional treatment and the treatment group also received intravenous edaravone. The volumes of cerebral edema and cerebral hematoma, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, and Chinese Stroke Scale (CSS) score before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results: The respective cerebral edema volumes of the control and treatment groups decreased from 20.99 ± 12.09 and 21.80 ± 12.01 mL on day 0 to 11.23 ± 6.34 and 12.11 ± 5.98 mL at day 7 and 4.69 ± 4.03 and 4.64 ± 3.9 mL on day 14 (P &lt; 0.05). The respective cerebral hematoma volumes of the control and treatment groups decreased from 18.98 ± 12.04 and 18.97 ± 12.07 mL on day 0 to 12.34 ± 6.57 and 11.89 ± 4.01 mL at day 7 and 9.49 ± 3.95 and 9.52 ± 3.96 mL on day 14. Compared with pretreatment, hs-CRP and IL-6 levels and CSS score of the two groups decreased significantly following treatment (p &lt; 0.05); the differences in the cerebral edema and hematoma volumes of the two groups on days 7 and 14 were not significant (p &gt; 0.05). The hs-CRP and IL-6 levels and CSS scores of the treatment group decreased appreciably (p &lt; 0.05), while the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment and control groups was 16.67 and 13.33 %, respectively, but the difference was not significant (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: Edaravone shows remarkable clinical efficacy and safety with no obvious adverse reactions in the treatment of ACH. Therefore, its use is recommended.Keywords: Cerebral haemorrhage, Edaravone, Cerebral edema, C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, Chinese Stroke Scal

Stabilizing sample-wide Kekul\'e orders in graphene/transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures

Kekul\'e phases are Peierls-like lattice distortions in graphene that are predicted to host novel electronic states beyond graphene (1-8). Although the Kekul\'e phases are realized in graphene through introducing electron-electron interactions at high magnetic fields (9-11) or adatom superlattices (12-15), it is still an extremely challenge to obtain large-area graphene Kekul\'e phases in experiment. Here we demonstrate that sample-wide Kekul\'e distortions in graphene can be stabilized by using transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) as substrates and the induced Kekul\'e orders are quite robust in the whole graphene/TMDs heterostructures with different twist angles. The commensurate structures of the heterostructures provide periodic scattering centers that break the translational symmetry of graphene and couple electrons of the two valleys in graphene, which tips the graphene toward global Kekul\'e density wave phases. Unexpectedly, three distinct Kekul\'e bond textures stabilized at various energies are directly imaged in every graphene/TMDs heterostructure. Our results reveal an unexpected sensitivity of electronic properties in graphene to the supporting substrates and provide an attractive route toward designing novel phases in graphene/TMDs heterostructures