The Effects of the bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields on ATP and health

All cells in the body need Calcium, Oxygen, Glucose, Potassium and Magnesium etc., to correctly function. Calcium, Oxygen and Glucose are essential for the production of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). ATP is the basic ‘fuel’ needed to drive the mitochondria that are the cells’ main energy producers. So it is very important that cells are able to produce enough ATP. The more ATP that is produced, the healthier cells are and the healthier we are. It is also known that electromagnetic signals have considerable effects on ATP levels. If ATP can be measured, then the cells’ healthiness can be defined and evaluated. So it is necessary to investigate how to measure ATP, the effects of bio-inspired electro-magnetic signals on ATP levels and the relationships between ATP and cells’ health (human health). There has been a lot of research on ATP, however, as far as the authors are aware, there has been limited research on how to measure ATP and the effects of electromagnetic fields on ATP, especially, the effects of bio-inspired electromagnetic fields. In this paper, certain equipment for measuring ATP for hygiene monitoring is employed to measure the ATP levels of a number of people with and without bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields (BIPEF) to investigate how BIPEF influence the ATP levels of people and by directly connecting their health. The test results show that most people's ATP levels are significantly increased (up to 600% increase) after they stayed in the BIPEF for a period of about 20 minutes. The averages of ATP% increase are 241% for British group and 111% for Chinese group. The findings confirm that the BIPEF does have significant effects on people's ATP levels. This means that the cellular biosynthesis processes of those people in the bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields have been enhanced. So their energy and health are positively affected

Torque Curve Optimization of Ankle Push-Off in Walking Bipedal Robots Using Genetic Algorithm

From MDPI via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: accepted 2021-05-11, pub-electronic 2021-05-14Publication status: PublishedFunder: the project of National Key R&D Program of China; Grant(s): 2018YFC2001300, 51675222Funder: National Natural Science Foundation of China; Grant(s): 91848204, 91948302Ankle push-off occurs when muscle–tendon units about the ankle joint generate a burst of positive power at the end of stance phase in human walking. Ankle push-off mainly contributes to both leg swing and center of mass (CoM) acceleration. Humans use the amount of ankle push-off to induce speed changes. Thus, this study focuses on determining the faster walking speed and the lowest energy efficiency of biped robots by using ankle push-off. The real-time-space trajectory method is used to provide reference positions for the hip and knee joints. The torque curve during ankle push-off, composed of three quintic polynomial curves, is applied to the ankle joint. With the walking distance and the mechanical cost of transport (MCOT) as the optimization goals, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to obtain the optimal torque curve during ankle push-off. The results show that the biped robot achieved a maximum speed of 1.3 m/s, and the ankle push-off occurs at 41.27−48.34% of the gait cycle. The MCOT of the bipedal robot corresponding to the high economy gait is 0.70, and the walking speed is 0.54 m/s. This study may further prompt the design of the ankle joint and identify the important implications of ankle push-off for biped robots

Energy‐Efficient Oil–Water Separation of Biomimetic Copper Membrane with Multiscale Hierarchical Dendritic Structures

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138424/1/smll201701121-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138424/2/smll201701121_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138424/3/smll201701121.pd

The Effects of the bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields on ATP and health

All cells in the body need Calcium, Oxygen, Glucose, Potassium and Magnesium etc., to correctly function. Calcium, Oxygen and Glucose are essential for the production of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). ATP is the basic ‘fuel’ needed to drive the mitochondria that are the cells’ main energy producers. So it is very important that cells are able to produce enough ATP. The more ATP that is produced, the healthier cells are and the healthier we are. It is also known that electromagnetic signals have considerable effects on ATP levels. If ATP can be measured, then the cells’ healthiness can be defined and evaluated. So it is necessary to investigate how to measure ATP, the effects of bio-inspired electro-magnetic signals on ATP levels and the relationships between ATP and cells’ health (human health). There has been a lot of research on ATP, however, as far as the authors are aware, there has been limited research on how to measure ATP and the effects of electromagnetic fields on ATP, especially, the effects of bio-inspired electromagnetic fields. In this paper, certain equipment for measuring ATP for hygiene monitoring is employed to measure the ATP levels of a number of people with and without bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields (BIPEF) to investigate how BIPEF influence the ATP levels of people and by directly connecting their health. The test results show that most people's ATP levels are significantly increased (up to 600% increase) after they stayed in the BIPEF for a period of about 20 minutes. The averages of ATP% increase are 241% for British group and 111% for Chinese group. The findings confirm that the BIPEF does have significant effects on people's ATP levels. This means that the cellular biosynthesis processes of those people in the bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields have been enhanced. So their energy and health are positively affected

Study of a bionic system for health enhancements

It is believed that the health of our body is totally dependent on the health of our cells. The cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells consist of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane. The membrane pulses at a certain frequency with certain magnitudes. More cell pulse activity there is, the more active, energetic and healthier cells are. Human and other animals live in an earth environment of extremely low natural frequencies (ELF).The earth produces these both high in the atmosphere (Schumann (7.83Hz)) as well as on and below the planet's surface (Geomagnetic (10 Hz)). Schumann and Geomagnetic frequencies are vital to the wellbeing of all living things. It is believed that if we are in an environment with bioinspired electromagnetic signals generated by mimicking natural earth and body cells frequencies (ELF's), then our cells will be more energetic and active, providing greater health. In this paper, an innovative bionic system will be presented. This system can be used to generate bioinspired electromagnetic fields (BPEF) by mimicking natural Earth, body frequencies and strengths. This innovative bioinspired system has been applied for the health enhancement of humans, equines and pets etc. A number of case studies will be present to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the system. Various experiments have been carried out. The experimental results have shown that this innovative bioinspired system works efficiently and effectively in enhancing human and animal health. It has been proven that this bioinspired system can be effectively applied to many areas such as (1) human health enhancement and illness treatment, (2) pet health enhancement, (3) equine health treatment and (4) reduction or elimination of 'jet lag'

Plant-Morphing Strategies and Plant-Inspired Soft Actuators Fabricated by Biomimetic Four-Dimensional Printing: A Review

From Frontiers via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: collection 2021, received 2021-01-10, accepted 2021-03-09, epub 2021-05-04Publication status: PublishedFor prey, seeding, and protection, plants exhibit ingenious adaptive motions that respond autonomously to environmental stimuli by varying cellular organization, anisotropic orientation of cellulose fibers, mechanical instability design, etc. Notably, plants do not leverage muscle and nerves to produce and regulate their motions. In contrast, they harvest energy from the ambient environment and compute through embodied intelligence. These characteristics make them ideal candidates for application in self-morphing devices. Four-dimensional (4D) printing is a bottom-up additive manufacturing method that builds objects with the ability to change shape/properties in a predetermined manner. A versatile motion design catalog is required to predict the morphing processes and final states of the printed parts. This review summarizes the morphing and actuation mechanisms of plants and concludes with the recent development of 4D-printed smart materials inspired by the locomotion and structures of plant systems. We provide analyses of the challenges and our visions of biomimetic 4D printing, hoping to boost its application in soft robotics, smart medical devices, smart parts in aerospace, etc

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Plantar Fascia in Flexible Flatfoot: A Noninvasive In Vivo Study

From Frontiers via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: collection 2021, received 2021-06-20, accepted 2021-08-16, epub 2021-09-15Publication status: PublishedPlantar fascia plays an important role in human foot biomechanics; however, the morphology and mechanical properties of plantar fascia in patients with flexible flatfoot are unknown. In this study, 15 flexible flatfeet were studied, each plantar fascia was divided into 12 positions, and the morphologies and mechanical properties in the 12 positions were measured in vivo with B-mode ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE). Peak pressures under the first to fifth metatarsal heads (MH) were measured with FreeStep. Statistical analysis included 95% confidence interval, intragroup correlation coefficient (ICC1,1), one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), and least significant difference. The results showed that thickness and Young’s modulus of plantar fascia were the largest at the proximal fascia (PF) and decreased gradually from the proximal end to the distal end. Among the five distal branches (DB) of the fascia, the thickness and Young’s modulus of the second and third DB were larger. The peak pressures were also higher under the second and third MH. This study found a gradient distribution in that the thickness and Young’s modulus gradient decreased from the proximal end to the distal end of plantar fascia in the longitudinal arch of flexible flatfeet. In the transverse arch, the thickness and Young’s modulus under the second and third DB were larger than those under the other three DB in flexible flatfoot, and the peak pressures under the second and third MH were also larger than those under the other three MH in patients with flexible flatfoot. These findings deepen our understanding of the changes of biomechanical properties and may be meaningful for the study of pathological mechanisms and therapy for flexible flatfoot

Effects and Mechanisms of Surface Topography on the Antiwear Properties of Molluscan Shells ( Scapharca subcrenata

The surface topography (surface morphology and structure) of the left Scapharca subcrenata shell differs from that of its right shell. This phenomenon is closely related to antiwear capabilities. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects and mechanisms of surface topography on the antiwear properties of Scapharca subcrenata shells. Two models are constructed—a rib morphology model (RMM) and a coupled structure model (CSM)—to mimic the topographies of the right and left shells. The antiwear performance and mechanisms of the two models are studied using the fluid-solid interaction (FSI) method. The simulation results show that the antiwear capabilities of the CSM are superior to those of the RMM. The CSM is also more conducive to decreasing the impact velocity and energy of abrasive particles, reducing the probability of microcrack generation, extension, and desquamation. It can be deduced that in the real-world environment, Scapharca subcrenata’s left shell sustains more friction than its right shell. Thus, the coupled structure of the left shell is the result of extensive evolution