Acute complete heart block in dogs

A study has been conducted immediately and up to 18 days after the surgical production of complete heart block in dogs. Immediately after surgery cardiac output, coronary flow, and mean arterial pressure were reduced in rough proportion to the degree of bradycardia. In time, these measures began to return toward preoperative levels. Paralleling the diminished left ventricular work was a diminished left ventricular oxygen consumption with little consequent change in myocardial efficiency. Small rises were detected in central venous pressure. At autopsy, the only unequivocal abnormality was myocardial hypertrophy which became measurable between 2 and 18 days after operation

Plastic Deformation in Laser-Induced Shock Compression of Monocrystalline Copper

Copper monocrystals were subjected to shock compression at pressures of 10–60 GPa by a short (3 ns initial) duration laser pulse. Transmission electron microscopy revealed features consistent with previous observations of shock-compressed copper, albeit at pulse durations in the µs regime. The results suggest that the defect structure is generated at the shock front. A mechanism for dislocation generation is presented, providing a realistic prediction of dislocation density as a function of pressure. The threshold stress for deformation twinning in shock compression is calculated from the constitutive equations for slip, twinning, and the Swegle-Grady relationship

Striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding of risperidone in schizophrenic patients as assessed by 123I-iodobenzamide SPECT: a comparative study with olanzapine

The aim of this investigation was to compare the degree of striatal dopamine-(D2) receptor blockade by two atypical antipsychotic drugs, risperidone and olanzapine. The percentage of D2 receptor occupancy during treatment was calculated by comparing the results of 123I-iodobenzamide SPECT with those from healthy control subjects. Twenty inpatients suffering from schizophrenia or schizoaffective psychosis according to DSM IV/ICD-10 criteria were treated with clinically recommended doses of risperidone and compared with 13 inpatients treated with up to 20 mg olanzapine. Neuroleptic dose and D2 receptor blockade correlated strongly for both risperidone (Pearson r = –0.86, p = 0.0001) and olanzapine (Pearson r = –0.77, p = 0.002). There was no significant difference between the D2 receptor occupancy of the two substances when given in the clinically recommended dose range (unpaired t-test, t= –0.112, p=0.911)

Transient x-ray diffraction used to diagnose shock compressed Si crystals on the Nova laser

Transient x-ray diffraction is used to record time-resolved information about the shock compression of materials. This technique has been applied on Nova shock experiments driven using a hohlraum x-ray drive. Data were recorded from the shock release at the free surface of a Si crystal, as well as from Si at an embedded ablator/Si interface. Modeling has been done to simulate the diffraction data incorporating the strained crystal rocking curves and Bragg diffraction efficiencies. Examples of the data and post-processed simulations are presented

Literature and history in the age of ideas: essays on the French Enlightenment presented to George R. Havens

(print) xix, 414 p. ; 24 cmGEORGES MAY Foreword ix -- Preface xvii -- HUGH M . DAVIDSON Fontenelle, Perrault, and the Realignment of the Arts 3 -- J. H. BRUMFITT Historical Pyrrhonism and Enlightenment Historiography in France 15 -- CHARLES G. S. WILLIAMS The Diamond of Courtoisie and the Dragonnades of 1681: Valincour's Vie de François de Lorraine 31 -- ALESSANDRO S. CRISAFULLI The Journal des Sçavans and the Lettres Persanes 59 -- HARCOURT BROWN From London to Lapland: Maupertuis, Johann Bernoulli I, and La Terre applatie, 1728-1738 69 -- IRA O. WADE Notes on the Making of a Philosophe: Cuenz and Bouhier 97 -- JEAN SAREIL Sur les Mémoires de Voltaire 125 -- JEANNE R. MONTY Voltaire's Debt to the Encyclopédie in the Opinion en Alphabet 153 -- ROBERT D. COTTRELL Ulcerated Hearts: Love in Voltaire's La Mort de César 169 -- VIRGIL W. TOPAZIO A Réévaluation of Rousseau's Political Doctrine 179 -- JAMES F. HAMILTON Literature and the "Natural Man" in Rousseau's Emile 195 -- RICHARD A. BROOKS Rousseau's Antifeminism in the Lettre à d'Alembert and Emile 209 -- OTIS FELLOWS Diderot's Supplément as Pendant for La Religieuse 229 -- DOUGLAS BONNEVILLE Diderot's Artist: Puppet and Poet 245 -- GEORGES MAY Une certaine Madame Madin 255 -- DIANA GUIRAGOSSIAN Subterfuges et stratagèmes, ou les romanciers malgré eux 273 -- EDWARD P. SHAW Censorship and Subterfuge in Eighteenth-Century France 287 -- THEODORE BESTERMAN Bibliographie Notes on the Beaumarchais-Goezman Lawsuit 311 -- ARNOLD AGES Lamartine and the Philosophes 321 -- GITA MAY Stendhal and the Age of Ideas 343 -- PAUL M. SPURLIN Readership in the American Enlightenment 359 -- DOROTHY M. MCGHEE Encyclopedism and Its Conscience: Evolution and Revolution 377 -- A Bibliography of the Writings of George R. Havens 387 -- Notes on the Contributors 401 -- Index 40

Supernova Hydrodynamicas Experiments Using the Nova Laser

We are developing experiments using the Nova laser to investigate (1) compressible nonlinear hydrodynamic mixing relevant to the first few hours of the supernova (SN) explosion and (2) ejecta-ambient plasma interactions relevant to the early SN remnant phase. The experiments and astrophysical implications are discussed

Hydrodynamic Instability Experiments on the Nova Laser

Hydrodynamic instabilities in compressible plasmas play a critical role in the fields of inertial confinement fusion (ICF), astrophysics, and high energy-density physics. We are, investigating hydrodynamic instabilities such as the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability, at high compression at the Nova laser in a series of experiments, both in planar and in spherical geometry. In the indirect drive approach, a thermal x-ray drive is generated by focusing the Nova laser beams into a Au cylindrical radiation cavity (hohlraum). Issues in the instability evolution that we are examining are shock propagation and foil compression, RT growth of 2D versus 3D single-mode perturbations, drive pulse shape, perturbation location at the ablation front versus at an embedded interface, and multimode perturbation growth and nonlinear saturation. The effects of convergence on RT growth are being investigated both with hemispherical implosions of packages mounted on the hohlraum wall and with spherical implosions of capsules at the center of the hohlraum. Single-mode perturbations are pre-imposed at the ablation front of these capsules as a seed for the RT growth. In our direct drive experiments, we are investigating the effect of laser imprinting and subsequent RT growth on planar foils, both at {lambda}{sub Laser} = 1/3 {mu}m and 1/2 {mu}m. An overview is given describing recent progress in each of these areas

X-ray Astronomy in the Laboratory with a Miniature Compact Object Produced by Laser-Driven Implosion

Laboratory spectroscopy of non-thermal equilibrium plasmas photoionized by intense radiation is a key to understanding compact objects, such as black holes, based on astronomical observations. This paper describes an experiment to study photoionizing plasmas in laboratory under well-defined and genuine conditions. Photoionized plasma is here generated using a 0.5-keV Planckian x-ray source created by means of a laser-driven implosion. The measured x-ray spectrum from the photoionized silicon plasma resembles those observed from the binary stars Cygnus X-3 and Vela X-1 with the Chandra x-ray satellite. This demonstrates that an extreme radiation field was produced in the laboratory, however, the theoretical interpretation of the laboratory spectrum significantly contradicts the generally accepted explanations in x-ray astronomy. This model experiment offers a novel test bed for validation and verification of computational codes used in x-ray astronomy.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures are included. This is the original submitted version of the manuscript to be published in Nature Physic