Emotion-Aware Music Recommendation System: Enhancing User Experience Through Real-Time Emotional Context

This study addresses the deficiency in conventional music recommendation systems by focusing on the vital role of emotions in shaping users music choices. These systems often disregard the emotional context, relying predominantly on past listening behavior and failing to consider the dynamic and evolving nature of users emotional preferences. This gap leads to several limitations. Users may receive recommendations that do not match their current mood, which diminishes the quality of their music experience. Furthermore, without accounting for emotions, the systems might overlook undiscovered or lesser-known songs that have a profound emotional impact on users. To combat these limitations, this research introduces an AI model that incorporates emotional context into the song recommendation process. By accurately detecting users real-time emotions, the model can generate personalized song recommendations that align with the users emotional state. This approach aims to enhance the user experience by offering music that resonates with their current mood, elicits the desired emotions, and creates a more immersive and meaningful listening experience. By considering emotional context in the song recommendation process, the proposed model offers an opportunity for a more personalized and emotionally resonant musical journey.Comment: 6 page

Taxonomic note on Crossorhombus azureus (Alcock 1889) (Family: Bothidae, Order: Pleuronectiformes) from the south-west coast of India

Five species of the bothid genus Crossorhombus viz.,Crossorhombus azureus, C. valderostratus, C. kobensis, C. kanekonis and C. howensis are currently recognised worldwide. Of these, only two species, C. azureus, and C. valderostratus have been recorded in India. Descriptions of C. azureus are mostly based on the first published work of Alcock (1889) and further addition to the knowledge is scanty. Hence an attempt is made here to update the knowledge on the species. Detailed description of the species is presented in this paper based on morphometric and meristic measurements and biological observations on 57 specimens collected from Neendakara on the south-west coast of India. Sexual dimorphism is noticed with males having a series of azure spots on the head. Results of the t- test supports the external differences shown by males and females

Studies on Flatfishes of India as a Step Towards Conservation of Resources

Landing of flatfishes has been on the decline especially along the southwest coast of India. The major species contributing to the fishery is Cynoglossus macrostomus. The present study was undertaken to study the flatfish diversity of India and document the possibilities of finding out new species to be protected if any as well to examine the possibility of any ornamental and cultivable species. Results indicate the presence of 63 species of flatfishes in 8 families and 26 genera from south India including the islands of Andaman and Nicobar. The most speciose family was Soleidae with 9 genera and 17 species, followed by Bothidae with 9 genera and 14 species and Cynoglossidae with 2 genera and 13 species. The disappearance of the halibut Psettodes erumei from the fishery calls for stringent conservation measures as well as conservation mariculture. The Malabar sole, Cynoglossus macrostomus, endemic to Malabar Coast from Mulki to Quilon on the southwest coast of India has also shown considerable decline during the last five years; these features call for strict measures to continuously monitor the resource and its stock position. The hydrography of the Indian Ocean and the interconnecting patterns of water bodies in it could be the reason for maximum common diversity of flatfishes within the region. Appropriate conservation strategies for the flatfishes available in the Indian waters is integral to any approach in preserving biodiversity since greater species diversity ensures natural sustainability for all life forms

Standardised Protocols for Taxonomic Measurements for Pleuronectiform Fishes

Study of fish morphometrics has been the primary source of information for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. Despite the value and availability of genetic, physiological, behavioural, and ecological data for such studies, systematic ichthyologists continue to depend heavily on morphology for taxonomic characters. Morphometric data is important in that it can be used as taxonomic characters to examine evolutionary relationships among species; they have the advantage that size effects can be removed before the data are recoded so that inferred evolutionary relationships are based on body-form rather than body-size differences. Identification of stocks of fish has been the mainstay of morphologists. Large data sets have been collected for a diverse array of commercially important fish (Winans,1985). For over 30 years, most morphometric investigations have based the selection of characters on the set of measurements described by Hubbs and Lagler (1947). Most species of fishes have characteristic shapes, sizes, pigmentation patterns, fin disposition and other external features that aid in recognition, identification, and classification that can be examined by dissection or other means of internal examination. Structural measurements sometimes are used directly as characters if they are sufficiently discrete among taxa or if a tree-building procedure is used that allows the use of continuous characters (Farris 1970; Farris et al. 1970). Standard references for taxonomic study of bony fishes are Hubbs and Lagler (1958), Miller and Lea (1972), Lagler et al., 1977, Bond (1979), Moyle and Cech (1981), and Trautman (1981). The general parameters taken into account are those on the left side for bony fishes unless otherwise mentioned or right side when that side is damaged. In the case of elasmobranchs, a glance through any well-illustrated guide to chondrichthyans (e.g. Compagno 1984; Last and Stevens 1994; Compagno et al., 2005) reveals a huge diversity of body morphology. In odd shaped teleost fishes like box fishes also the basic measurement pattern was based on Hubbs and Lagler (1958) with slight modifications. Compared to the other teleosts, measurements are necessary on both sides for the flatfishes due to the flattened nature of the body like in the ray fishes

Epinephelus areolatus, Areolate Grouper

This widely distributed species inhabits soft and hard bottom habitat and is generally regarded to be relatively common. It is captured in grouper fisheries in some localities and there are concerns for possible overfishing in Japan, Abu Dhabi, Hong Kong and Indonesia. Quantified declines have not yet been detected within the limited data that are available. Given that fishing is not known to be driving global-level declines at this time, it is listed as Least Concern. Improved monitoring and management of fisheries is strongly recommended, and research on life history would be beneficial

Length-weight relationship and reproductive biology of Otolithes ruber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) from the Southwest coast of India

The length-weight relationships (LWRs) of Otolithes ruber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) from Cochin Harbour, Kerala, were estimated. The study is based on 723 samples (209 male and 416 female) collected at monthly intervals for a period of 24 months (February 2020 to January 2022). No significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in the growth rate for both sexes. The 'b' values were estimated at 3.19, 3.05, and 3.09 with 'r' values of 0.992, 0.986 and 0.986 for male, female, and pooled samples, respectively. The length at first maturity was calculated as 215 mm for females and 255 mm for males. The GSI values of females varied from 0.36-4.84 (2020-2021) and 0.25-9.89 (2021-2022), and those of males ranged from 0.21-5.45 (2020-2021) and 0.28-5.45 (221-2022). The peak values in the months of October and November for female correspond to their spawning seasons. To evaluate fish stocks, it is essential to have up-to-date knowledge of the functional length-weight relationships in fish for males, females, and mixed fish. The findings will aid Kerala's fishery managers in enacting the necessary legislation for sustainable fishery management

Collision tumor of metastatic carcinoma and lymphoma in the bone marrow: Report of an extremely rare and interesting case and review of the literature

Collision tumors are composed of two or more histologically distinct tumor components occurring at the same anatomic location. Collision tumors composed of metastatic carcinoma and lymphoma in the bone marrow is an extremely rare occurrence which is not yet reported in literature. We are reporting a case of 61 year old male patient diagnosed as grey zone lymphoma in the oral cavity (B cell lymphoma unclassifiable with features intermediate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma) and bone marrow showing collision tumor composed of metastatic carcinoma and lymphoma

Variola louti, Yellow-edged Lyretail

Variola louti is a widely distributed, reef-associated species that is common and abundant in parts of its range. There are emerging fisheries that target this species in some areas. There is some evidence for localized population declines in the Maldives and Mariana Islands due to overfishing, but this is not considered a major threat on a global-level at this time. Therefore, it is listed as Least Concern. Actions that reduce fishing effort and monitor populations are recommended and research on its life history is needed

Length-weight relation of three species of goatfish from the south-east Arabian Sea

Length-weight relationship (LWR) of Upeneus guttatus (Day 1868), Upeneus sulphureus (Cuvier, 1829) and Parupeneus heptacanthus (Lacepède, 1802) was assessed from the Southwest coast of India for a study period November 2020 to August 2021. The total length of U. guttatus varied from 86 to 197 mm, and wet weight ranged from 5 to 78.5 g. Regression coefficient b for male, female, and pooled U. guttatus was found to be 3.100, 3.144, and 3.376 respectively and coefficient of determination (r 2 ) was estimated to be 0.954 (male); 0.967 (female); 0.953 (pooled). The b value of U. sulphureus was found to be 3.14 and r 2 = 0.943 (pooled) and the total length varied from 112-181mm; wet weight: 18.2 to 87.5g. The b value of P. heptacanthus was found to be 3.135 and r 2 = 0.976 (pooled) and body length varied from 133-227 mm; wet weight: 29 to 179 g. A positive allometric growth factor was observed for all species. Mathematical models such as length-weight relationships help describe the growth parameters of fish at various time intervals. This study throws light on the LWRs of three species of goatfish available in Indian waters

Morphometry and biology of the Saddle grunt, Pomadasys maculatus, (Bloch,1793) recorded from the Southeast Arabian Sea

Studies on Pomadasys maculatus collected from the southwest coast of India showed fishes in the length range 130-197 mm with a mean standard length of 139.41 mm and body weight of 79.09 g. The growth pattern observed was isometric. P. maculatus shows no sexual dimorphism. Since there is no recent information on the morphometric and meristic characteristics of P. maculatus from India, the present study is expected to add more knowledge to the species