8 research outputs found
Similar erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein sensitivities at the onset of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, acute rheumatic fever
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are employed in the evaluation of patients with suspected septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and acute rheumatic fever. The purpose of this study is to determine if one test has greater sensitivity (rises earlier) than the other. Laboratory data were retrieved for pediatric patients hospitalized with one of the above three conditions, who had both ESR and CRP tests done on or shortly prior to admission. Sensitivity calculations were performed for mild, moderate, and severe degrees of ESR and CRP elevation. Microcytic erythrocytes, as defined by mean corpuscular volume (MCV) <80 µL, were identified to see if this affects the ESR. ESR or CRP sensitivities depend on the cutoff value (threshold) chosen as a positive test. The sensitivities were similar for similar degrees of elevation. ESR and CRP discordance was not significantly related to MCV. We concluded that the CRP does not rise earlier than the ESR (their sensitivities are similar). Previously published conclusions are dependent on arbitrary thresholds. We could not find any evidence that MCV affects the ESR
2022 Roadmap on integrated quantum photonics
AbstractIntegrated photonics will play a key role in quantum systems as they grow from few-qubit prototypes to tens of thousands of qubits. The underlying optical quantum technologies can only be realized through the integration of these components onto quantum photonic integrated circuits (QPICs) with accompanying electronics. In the last decade, remarkable advances in quantum photonic integration have enabled table-top experiments to be scaled down to prototype chips with improvements in efficiency, robustness, and key performance metrics. These advances have enabled integrated quantum photonic technologies combining up to 650 optical and electrical components onto a single chip that are capable of programmable quantum information processing, chip-to-chip networking, hybrid quantum system integration, and high-speed communications. In this roadmap article, we highlight the status, current and future challenges, and emerging technologies in several key research areas in integrated quantum photonics, including photonic platforms, quantum and classical light sources, quantum frequency conversion, integrated detectors, and applications in computing, communications, and sensing. With advances in materials, photonic design architectures, fabrication and integration processes, packaging, and testing and benchmarking, in the next decade we can expect a transition from single- and few-function prototypes to large-scale integration of multi-functional and reconfigurable devices that will have a transformative impact on quantum information science and engineering
2022 Roadmap on integrated quantum photonics
Integrated photonics will play a key role in quantum systems as they grow from few-qubit prototypes to tens of thousands of qubits. The underlying optical quantum technologies can only be realized through the integration of these components onto quantum photonic integrated circuits (QPICs) with accompanying electronics. In the last decade, remarkable advances in quantum photonic integration have enabled table-top experiments to be scaled down to prototype chips with improvements in efficiency, robustness, and key performance metrics. These advances have enabled integrated quantum photonic technologies combining up to 650 optical and electrical components onto a single chip that are capable of programmable quantum information processing, chip-to-chip networking, hybrid quantum system integration, and high-speed communications. In this roadmap article, we highlight the status, current and future challenges, and emerging technologies in several key research areas in integrated quantum photonics, including photonic platforms, quantum and classical light sources, quantum frequency conversion, integrated detectors, and applications in computing, communications, and sensing. With advances in materials, photonic design architectures, fabrication and integration processes, packaging, and testing and benchmarking, in the next decade we can expect a transition from single- and few-function prototypes to large-scale integration of multi-functional and reconfigurable devices that will have a transformative impact on quantum information science and engineering.ISSN:2515-764
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Roadmap on Integrated Quantum Photonics
Integrated photonics is at the heart of many classical technologies, from
optical communications to biosensors, LIDAR, and data center fiber
interconnects. There is strong evidence that these integrated technologies will
play a key role in quantum systems as they grow from few-qubit prototypes to
tens of thousands of qubits. The underlying laser and optical quantum
technologies, with the required functionality and performance, can only be
realized through the integration of these components onto quantum photonic
integrated circuits (QPICs) with accompanying electronics. In the last decade,
remarkable advances in quantum photonic integration and a dramatic reduction in
optical losses have enabled benchtop experiments to be scaled down to prototype
chips with improvements in efficiency, robustness, and key performance metrics.
The reduction in size, weight, power, and improvement in stability that will be
enabled by QPICs will play a key role in increasing the degree of complexity
and scale in quantum demonstrations. In the next decade, with sustained
research, development, and investment in the quantum photonic ecosystem (i.e.
PIC-based platforms, devices and circuits, fabrication and integration
processes, packaging, and testing and benchmarking), we will witness the
transition from single- and few-function prototypes to the large-scale
integration of multi-functional and reconfigurable QPICs that will define how
information is processed, stored, transmitted, and utilized for quantum
computing, communications, metrology, and sensing. This roadmap highlights the
current progress in the field of integrated quantum photonics, future
challenges, and advances in science and technology needed to meet these
challenges