The politics of playing along: radio and regulation in democratic Europe

The loss of localism has been a common trend in most radio markets in Europe and the United States. Deregulation of ownership led to a concentration phenomenon that has affected local radios in several western democracies. New forms of regulation have been considered as possible ways to stop the erosion of localism by applying rules to markets in the defense of diversity, pluralism, and the local dimension. This article analyses the local radio market in Portugal, by assessing the changes in the legislation and by examining the regulatory action that can, according to its remit, act preventively to avoid market forces to harm these principles.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ocorrência de Sclerotium rolfsii em grão de bico e lentilha no Planalto Central do Brasil.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a etiologia de podridão de colo e raízes em plantas de grão de bico e lentilha recebidas no Laboratório de Fitopatologia da Embrapa Hortaliças para fins de diagnose.Resumo 1079

Invitation to grief in the family context

Grief is a family affair, yet it is commonly viewed as an individual phenomenon. As an international, interdisciplinary team, we explore grief within a family context across theoretical, research, practice, and educational domains. Families are complex and working with this complexity is challenging but necessary for a holistic view of grief. We therefore encourage an increased focus on theorizing, researching, practicing, and educating using innovative approaches to address the complexities of grief within the context of families. Learnings from within each domain will affirm and enhance the development of family-level thinking and approaches

Silk‐Based antimicrobial polymers as a new platform to design drug‐free materials to impede microbial infections

Surgical site infections (SSI) represent a serious health problem that occur after invasive surgery, thus new antimicrobial biomaterials able to prevent SSI are needed. Silks are natural biopolymers with excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and controllable biodegradability. Spider silkbased materials can be bioengineered and functionalized with specific peptides, such as antimicrobial peptides, creating innovative polymers. Herein, we explored new drugfree multifunctional silk films with antimicrobial properties, specifically tailored to hamper microbial infections. Different spider silk domains derived from the dragline sequence of the spider Nephila clavipes (6mer and 15mer, 27 and 41 kDa proteins, respectively) were fused with the two antimicrobial peptides, Hepcidin (Hep) and Human Neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP1). The selfassembly features of the spider silk domains (sheets) were maintained after functionalization. The bioengineered 6merHNP1 protein demonstrated inhibitory effects against microbial pathogens. Silkbased films with 6merHNP1 and different contents of silk fibroin (SF) significantly reduced bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, whereas higher bacterial counts were found on the films prepared with 6mer or SF alone. The silkbased films showed no cytotoxic effects on human foreskin fibroblasts. The positive cellular response, together with structural and antimicrobial properties, highlight the potential of these multifunctional silkbased films as new materials for preventing SSI.The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the project PTDC/BBB-BIO/0827/2012 and by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the "COMPETE" - Operational Programme for Competitiveness factors (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-028120) supported this work. The authors would like to thank Prof. Celia Manaia from the Escola Superior de Biotecnologia (Porto, Portugal) for providing the Pseudomonas sp. bacteria; and Dr. Alberta Faustino from the Hospital de S. Marcos (Braga, Portugal) for providing the other bacterial strains. A. R. Franco thanks FCT through the PostDoctoral scholarship SFRH/BPD/100760/2014.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação de plantas de Coffea arabica L. submetidas a déficit hídrico em diferentes fases de seu desenvolvimento inicial.

Este trabalho objetivou estudar a influência do déficit hídrico no desenvolvimento inicial da lavoura cafeeira, aplicado em diferentes épocas: 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias após o transplantio. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na submissão das mudas recém transplantadas a déficits hídricos com duração fixa de 30 dias, sendo D0 = sem déficit hídrico, D1 = plantas submetidas a déficit hídrico entre o 30º e 60º dia após o transplantio, D2 = plantas submetidas a déficit hídrico entre o 60º e 90º dia após o transplantio, D3 = plantas submetidas a déficit hídrico entre o 90º e 120º dia após o transplantio e, D4 = plantas submetidas a déficit hídrico entre o 120º e 160º dia após o transplantio. Após 180 dias do transplantio avaliou-se a matéria seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, a área foliar, o diâmetro da copa e altura das plantas. O efeito do déficit hídrico foi especialmente importante nas variáveis estudadas quando aplicado aos 30, 60 ou 90 dias após o transplantio e não influenciou de forma significativa as variáveis área foliar, diâmetro da copa e altura das plantas, quando aplicado aos 120 dias após o transplantio

Root system of maize plants cultivated under water deficit conditions with application of chitosan.

Low water availability is regarded as an abiotic stress that limits the agricultural production. Due to the physical and chemical characteristics of chitosan (CHT), this substance might stimulate physiological responses on plants with respect to water deficit tolerance. In this sense, maize plants were submitted to water deficit and leaf application of chitosan (140 mg/L) during pre-flowering stage. Two maize hybrids, presenting different water deficit tolerance levels, were used: DKB 390 (tolerant) and BRS1010 (sensitive). Evaluations of the root system and production components were conducted. Maize plants submitted to leaf application of chitosan at the dose of 140 mg/L presented specific behavior in regard to hybrids. The tolerant type presented a more developed root system and an expressive agronomical yield when compared to the sensitive type. These results were probably obtained due to the stimulating effect of CHT on plant growth, enhancing the root system development and contributing to increase the availability and absorption of water and nutrients. Chitosan presents potential to reduce the harmful effect of water deficit on the root system, without negatively compromising the agronomical yield