Dose rate (KJm⁻² h⁻¹) and total dose (KJm⁻²) of UV-B, UV-A and PAR provided to larvae.

<p>Cod larvae (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) were exposed to two different light conditions (UV-B and Control) for 15 hours before the behavior experiments. Measurements were made at the surface of the water in the exposure tanks.</p

Daily irradiance of UVB, UVA and PAR provided to <i>Thalassiosira weissflogii</i> cultures used as food for <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i>.

<p>Algal cultures received one of three treatments: PAR-only (PAR), PAR plus ambient UVR levels and PAR plus enhanced UVR (UVR+).</p

Spectral irradiance for the 3 treatments: PAR (solid line), PAR plus ambient UVR (dotted line), and PAR plus enhanced UVR (dashed line) measured inside the Teflon bags that were used for culturing the algae.

<p>Spectral irradiance for the 3 treatments: PAR (solid line), PAR plus ambient UVR (dotted line), and PAR plus enhanced UVR (dashed line) measured inside the Teflon bags that were used for culturing the algae.</p

The number of cells (left axis) and volume of cells ingested by <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i> feeding on <i>Thalassiosira weissflogii</i>.

<p>Algae were cultured under one of 3 different light treatments: PAR only (PAR; Treatment 1), PAR plus ambient UVR (UV; Treatment 2), or PAR plus enhanced UVR (UV+; Treatment 3). Grazing rates were measured over a 48 h feeding cycle. Ingestion rates were significantly higher in the UV+ treatment. No significant difference was found in the grazing rates between the PAR- and ambient-UV-treated cells. Lower case letters indicate homogeneous groups after the ANOVA and post-hoc test (see methods for details).</p