ハノーファー・グロックゼー学校における脱学校化と学校化の緊張関係 改革学校における「ヘンティッヒ・パラドックス」との対峙の視点から

The objectives of this paper are to show how the “Hentig-Paradoxon” of de-schooling and schooling occurred at the Glocksee school, a reform school founded in Hannover, Germany in 1972, and to provide an analysis of how this school confronted these issues that led to the process of reform.To achieve the objectives, this paper focused on the following three points. First, by confirming the concepts of the school as a reform school, we clarified the background of the school’s establishment and learned that the underlying concept of this school was child self-adjustment (Selbstregulierung). Secondly, by focusing attention on the fact that the underlying concept of such a school was forced to undergo a mandatory change in its principles and practices after the 1980’s, discussions on the reasons why a forced change was mandated and discussions held during the revision process, the activities of the school’s academic advisor (wissenschaftliche Begleitung) are examined and revealed. And thirdly, the effects of this revision regarding the principles and practices of the Glocksee school, as a result, are clarified.Based on the above discussion, this paper will clarify the contradictory process that the Glocksee school has pursued, which paradoxically has promoted the “Schooling” of reform school attempts at “de-schooling.” It is suggested that the tension between schooling and de-schooling has led to disclosure of constructive problem settings for school reform analysis and conception

〈研究論文〉1980 年代以降の西ドイツにおける教育政策の改革教育学化 : ノルトライン・ヴェストファーレン州の枠組み構想

The purpose of this essay is to shed light on the relativization of reform of pedagogical thought and its implementation which became clear as events unfolded which could be called “Reformpädagogisierung of educational policy” that occurred in West Germany in the 1980s. At that time, what can be taken as upstream with regard to an examination is the Framework Concept Published in 1988 by the State of Nordrhein-Westfalen “Formation of School Life and Opening Up of Schools” (Rahmenkonzept “Gestaltung des Schullebens und Öffnung von Schule”: GÖS). This concept, which opened schools up to life outside the school with the intention of forming a richer school life, inherited the attempts at reform of pedagogical thought in seeking to integrate school and life. This case of attempted reform is worth noting as it generated discourse that became critical of teaching policy reforms directed at educational policy

Formal Analysis of Non-profiled Deep-learning Based Side-channel Attacks

This paper formally analyzes two major non-profiled deep-learning-based side-channel attacks (DL-SCAs): differential deep-learning analysis (DDLA) by Timon and collision DL-SCA by Staib and Moradi. These DL-SCAs leverage supervised learning in non-profiled scenarios. Although some intuitive descriptions of these DL-SCAs exist, their formal analyses have been rarely conducted yet, which makes it unclear why and when the attacks succeed and how the attack can be improved. In this paper, we provide the first information-theoretical analysis of DDLA. We reveal its relevance to the mutual information analysis (MIA), and then present three theorems stating some limitations and impossibility results of DDLA. Subsequently, we provide the first probability-theoretical analysis on collision DL-SCA. After presenting its formalization with a proposal of our distinguisher for collision DL-SCA, we prove its optimality. Namely, we prove that the collision DL-SCA using our distinguisher theoretically maximizes the success rate if the neural network (NN) training is completely successful (namely, the NN completely imitates the true conditional probability distribution). Accordingly, we propose an improvement of the collision DL-SCA based on a dedicated NN architecture and a full-key recovery methodology using multiple neural distinguishers. Finally, we experimentally evaluate non-profiled (DL-)SCAs using a newly created dataset using publicly available first-order masked AES implementation. The existing public dataset of side-channel traces is insufficient to evaluate collision DL-SCAs due to a lack of substantive side-channel traces for different key values. Our dataset enables a comprehensive evaluation of collision (DL-)SCAs, which clarifies the current situation of non-profiled (DL-)SCAs

Multiple-Valued Plaintext-Checking Side-Channel Attacks on Post-Quantum KEMs

In this paper, we present a side-channel analysis (SCA) on key encapsulation mechanisms (KEMs) based on the Fujisaki–Okamoto (FO) transformation and its variants. Many post-quantum KEMs usually perform re-encryption during key decapsulation to achieve chosen-ciphertext attack (CCA) security. The side-channel leakage of re-encryption can be exploited to mount a key-recovery plaintext-checking attack (KR-PCA), even if the chosen-plaintext attack (CCA) secure decryption constructing the KEM is securely implemented. Herein, we propose an efficient side-channel-assisted KR-PCA on post-quantum KEMs, and achieve a key recovery with significantly fewer attack traces than existing ones in TCHES 2022 and 2023. The basic concept of the proposed attack is to introduce a new KR-PCA based on a multiple-valued (MV-)PC oracle and then implement a dedicated MV-PC oracle based on a multi-classification neural network (NN). The proposed attack is applicable to the NIST PQC selected algorithm Kyber and the similar lattice-based Saber, FrodoKEM and NTRU Prime, as well as SIKE. We also present how to realize a sufficiently reliable MV-PC oracle from NN model outputs that are not 100% accurate, and analyze the tradeoff between the key recovery success rate and the number of attack traces. We assess the feasibility of the proposed attack through attack experiments on three typical symmetric primitives to instantiate a random oracle (SHAKE, SHA3, and AES software). The proposed attack reduces the number of attack traces required for a reliable key recovery by up to 87% compared to the existing attacks against Kyber and other lattice-based KEMs, under the condition of 99.9999% success rate for key recovery. The proposed attack can also reduce the number of attack traces by 85% for SIKE

Intestinal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A 44-year-old Japanese woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented to our hospital with abdominal pain. Radiological and endoscopic examinations led to the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the jejunum, which was subsequently resected. Patients with SLE reportedly have an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as demonstrated by our patient. Hence, lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neoplastic lesions emerging in SLE patients. In addition, flow cytometry using endoscopically biopsied fragments is useful for the immediate diagnosis of lymphoma, leading to timely and accurate preoperative staging

Validation of a dietary balance score

This study assessed the validity of dietary balance scores (DBSs) by investigating the association between DBSs and nutrient adequacy (NA) in two Japanese populations. The participants were 65 community-dwelling Japanese from Tokushima Prefecture and 2,330 community-dwelling Japanese from Aichi Prefecture. Based on food frequency questionnaires or 3-day dietary records, we obtained 18 food groups. The NA score integrates nine beneficial nutrients and two nutrients that should be limited. We calculated four different DBSs: DBS1 consisted of five food groups (score range : 0–20), DBS2 consisted of nine food groups (score range : 0–36), DBS3 consisted of eight food groups (score range : 0–32), and DBS4 consisted of 10 food groups (score range : 0–40). Both the Spearman rank correlation coefficient with NA and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for the nine beneficial nutrients were then estimated to test the performance of each DBS in predicting nutrient intake. The results showed that DBS1 and DBS4 were positively correlated with NA, while the AUC-ROC showed that DBS4 could moderately discriminate individuals with adequate intake levels of all nine nutrients. These findings suggest DBSs (especially DBS4) are useful in assessing dietary balance in middle-aged and older community-dwelling Japanese