Design and synthesis of gene-directed caged cyclic nucleotides exhibiting cell type selectivity

We designed a new caging group that can be photoactivated only in the presence of a non-endogenous enzyme when exposed to 405 nm light. Because cells or tissues can be genetically tagged by an exogenously expressed enzyme, this novel method can serve as a strategy for adding targeting abilities to photocaged compounds

Measurements of the model parameter in the littlest Higgs model with T-parity

In the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity, we study production processes of new gauge bosons at the international linear collider (ILC). Through Monte Carlo simulations of the production processes, we show that the heavy gauge boson masses can be determined very accurately at the ILC for a representative parameter point of the model. From the simulation result, we also discuss the determination of other model parameters at the ILC.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at LCWS08, Chicago, November 200

Precision Measurements of Little Higgs Parameters at the International Linear Collider

We investigate a possibility of precision measurements for parameters of the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity at the International Linear Collider (ILC). The model predicts new gauge bosons (AH, ZH, and WH), among which the heavy photon (AH) is a candidate for dark matter. The masses of these new gauge bosons strongly depend on the vacuum expectation value that breaks a global symmetry of the model. Through Monte Carlo simulations of the processes: e+ e- ->AH ZH and e+ e- -> WH+ WH-, we show how precisely the masses can be determined at the ILC for a representative parameter point of the model. We also discuss the determination of the Little Higgs parameters and its impact on the future measurement of the thermal abundance of the dark matter relics in our universe.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures, 6 tabl

ALMA CO Observations of a Giant Molecular Cloud in M33: Evidence for High-Mass Star Formation Triggered by Cloud-Cloud Collisions

We report the first evidence for high-mass star formation triggered by collisions of molecular clouds in M33. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, we spatially resolved filamentary structures of giant molecular cloud 37 in M33 using $^{12}$CO($J$ = 2-1), $^{13}$CO($J$ = 2-1), and C$^{18}$O($J$ = 2-1) line emission at a spatial resolution of $\sim$2 pc. There are two individual molecular clouds with a systematic velocity difference of $\sim$6 km s$^{-1}$. Three continuum sources representing up to $\sim$10 high-mass stars with the spectral types of B0V-O7.5V are embedded within the densest parts of molecular clouds bright in the C$^{18}$O($J$ = 2-1) line emission. The two molecular clouds show a complementary spatial distribution with a spatial displacement of $\sim$6.2 pc, and show a V-shaped structure in the position-velocity diagram. These observational features traced by CO and its isotopes are consistent with those in high-mass star-forming regions created by cloud-cloud collisions in the Galactic and Magellanic Cloud HII regions. Our new finding in M33 indicates that the cloud-cloud collision is a promising process to trigger high-mass star formation in the Local Group.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in PAS

Low-Dose Intravenous Alteplase in Wake-Up Stroke

Background and Purpose—We assessed whether lower-dose alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg is efficacious and safe for acute fluid-attenuated inversion recovery-negative stroke with unknown time of onset. Methods—This was an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded-end point trial. Patients met the standard indication criteria for intravenous thrombolysis other than a time last-known-well >4.5 hours (eg, wake-up stroke). Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg or standard medical treatment if magnetic resonance imaging showed acute ischemic lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging and no marked corresponding hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. The primary outcome was a favorable outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1). Results—Following the early stop and positive results of the WAKE-UP trial (Efficacy and Safety of MRI-Based Thrombolysis in Wake-Up Stroke), this trial was prematurely terminated with 131 of the anticipated 300 patients (55 women; mean age, 74.4±12.2 years). Favorable outcome was comparable between the alteplase group (32/68, 47.1%) and the control group (28/58, 48.3%; relative risk [RR], 0.97 [95% CI, 0.68–1.41]; P=0.892). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 22 to 36 hours occurred in 1/71 and 0/60 (RR, infinity [95% CI, 0.06 to infinity]; P>0.999), respectively. Death at 90 days occurred in 2/71 and 2/60 (RR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.06–12.58]; P>0.999), respectively. Conclusions—No difference in favorable outcome was seen between alteplase and control groups among patients with ischemic stroke with unknown time of onset. The safety of alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg was comparable to that of standard treatment. Early study termination precludes any definitive conclusions