50 research outputs found

    Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

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    Bringing it all together: science priorities for improved understanding of Earth system change and to support international climate policy

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    We review how the international modelling community, encompassing integrated assessment models, global and regional Earth system and climate models, and impact models, has worked together over the past few decades to advance understanding of Earth system change and its impacts on society and the environment and thereby support international climate policy. We go on to recommend a number of priority research areas for the coming decade, a timescale that encompasses a number of newly starting international modelling activities, as well as the IPCC Seventh Assessment Report (AR7) and the second UNFCCC Global Stocktake. Progress in these priority areas will significantly advance our understanding of Earth system change and its impacts, increasing the quality and utility of science support to climate policy. [...

    Assessing the potential for non-turbulent methane escape from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf

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    The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) hosts large yet poorly quantified reservoirs of subsea permafrost and associated gas hydrates. It has been suggested that the globalwarming induced thawing and dissociation of these reservoirs is currently releasing methane (CH4) to the shallow coastal ocean and ultimately the atmosphere. However, a major unknown in assessing the contribution of this CH4 flux to the global CH4 cycle and its climate feedbacks is the fate of CH4 as it migrates towards the sediment-water interface. In marine sediments, (an)aerobic oxidation reactions generally act as a very efficient methane sink. However, a number of environmental conditions can reduce the efficiency of this biofilter. Here, we used a reaction-transport model to assess the efficiency of the benthic methane filter and, thus, the potential for benthic methane escape across a wide range of environmental conditions that could be encountered on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf. Results show that, under steady-state conditions, anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) acts as an efficient biofilter. However, high CH4 escape is simulated for rapidly accumulating and/or active sediments and can be further enhanced by the presence of organic matter with intermediate reactivity and/or intense local transport processes, such as bioirrigation. In addition, in active settings, the sudden onset of CH4 flux triggered by, for instance, permafrost thaw or hydrate destabilization can also drive a high nonturbulent methane escape of up to 19 ?molCH4 cm2 yr1 during a transient, multi-decadal period. This "window of opportunity" arises due to delayed response of the resident microbial community to suddenly changing CH4 fluxes. A first-order estimate of non-turbulent, benthic methane efflux from the Laptev Sea is derived as well. We find that, under present-day conditions, non-turbulent methane efflux from Laptev Sea sediments does not exceed 1 GgCH4 yr1. As a consequence, we conclude that previously published estimates of ocean-atmosphere CH4 fluxes from the ESAS cannot be supported by non-turbulent, benthic methane escape.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

    Symposium on Aging and Technological Advances

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    Novel Multirate Modulator for High Bandwidth Multicell Converters

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    International audienceSeries and parallel multicell converters have been introduced because they provide benefits in term of efficiency and power density. However, they also allow reducing the amount of energy stored in the filters, which potentially allows for faster dynamic responses. Interleaving the control patterns of different cells is another distinctive feature of these converters and is also the root of another potential improvement of the dynamic response: with one PWM update at each subcycle of the switching period, a n-cell converter may change its average output voltage over each of these intervals, while standard converters can only control the voltage over half the switching period. In this paper, a general multirate modulation strategy taking advantage of this property, while avoiding overswitching, and compatible with any n-cell converter is proposed and validated by simulation and experimental results

    Annonce du président concernant le remplacement des membres du comité des rapports et démission de MM. Brevet de Beaujour, Garnier et Régnier membres de ce même comité, lors de la séance du 26 août 1791

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    Broglie Charles Louis Victor, prince de, Brevet de Beaujour Louis-Etienne, Regnier Claude Ambroise, Garnier Jean-Marie. Annonce du président concernant le remplacement des membres du comité des rapports et démission de MM. Brevet de Beaujour, Garnier et Régnier membres de ce même comité, lors de la séance du 26 août 1791. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XXIX - Du 29 juillet au 27 août 1791. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1888. p. 727
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