Biological Evaluation of Subglutinol A As a Novel Immunosuppressive Agent for Inflammation Intervention

Subglutinol A (<b>1</b>) is an immunosuppressive natural product isolated from <i>Fusarium subglutinans</i>, an endophytic fungus from the vine <i>Tripterygium wilfordii</i>. We show that <b>1</b> exerts multimodal immune-suppressive effects on activated T cells in vitro: subglutinol A (<b>1</b>) effectively blocks T cell proliferation and survival while profoundly inhibiting pro-inflammatory IFNγ and IL-17 production by fully differentiated effector Th1 and Th17 cells. Our data further reveal that <b>1</b> may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by exacerbating mitochondrial damage in T cells. Additionally, we demonstrate that <b>1</b> significantly reduces lymphocytic infiltration into the footpad and ameliorates footpad swelling in the mouse model of Th1-driven delayed-type hypersensitivity. These results suggest the potential of <b>1</b> as a novel therapeutic for inflammatory diseases