Модернізація промисловості як передумова перспективного розвитку внутрішнього ринку України

Исследованы проблемы государственной промышленной политики по внедрению модернизационных процессов в развитии внутреннего рынка Украины. Представлены инструменты влияния на процесс модернизации промышленного комплекса. Предложено решение проблемных задач модернизации промышленного комплекса, направленного на обоснование развития внутреннего рынка Украины. Ключевые слова: внутренний рынок, инвестиции, инновации, кластеры, модернизация, промышленный комплекс, промышленная политика.Досліджено проблеми державної промислової політики щодо впровадження модернізаційних процесів у розвитку внутрішнього ринку України. Подано інструменти впливу на процес модернізації промислового комплексу. Запропоновано вирішення проблемних завдань модернізації промислового комплексу, спрямованого на обґрунтування розвитку внутрішнього ринку України. Ключові слова: внутрішній ринок, інвестиції, інновації, кластери, модернізація, промисловий комплекс, промислова політика.The establishment of the market economy and modern transformational processes give rise to new requirements to the development of the national economy. Modernization of changes in the social and economic development of the state have already matured. However, the crisis political processes and deep social stratification hindered the development of Ukraine and threw the country to the edge of the world progress. The future of Ukraine depends much on extensive development of the national economy and especially of its center – the internal market that is the most important factor of further economic growth of the state. The aim of the paper is to combine the achievements of the modern economic science with solution of problems of the industrial sector modernization aimed at substantiating the development of Ukraine’s internal market. The processes of the Ukrainian industrial complex modernization were studied. It is stressed that the lack of balanced industrial policy is the key restrictive factor for modernization of the national economy and its development according to the objectives set in Ukrainian society. The problems of the state industrial policy connected with modernization of the Ukrainian internal market development are analyzed. Factors of the industrial modernization influence on the development of the Ukrainian internal market are identified. The instruments influencing the process of the industrial complex modernization are shown. The idea of introducing clusters into the industrial sector in order to improve the organizational processes aimed at modernization of the industrial complex is promoted. The attention is paid to the importance of the investment activity and innovative technologies introduction into production of the industrial enterprises. The paper offers solutions of the problem concerning modernization of the industrial complex directed to substantiation of the Ukrainian internal market development. Keywords: internal market, investments, innovation, clusters, modernization, industrial complex, industrial policy

Up for grabs; trashing peroxisomes

Together with the proteasome, autophagy is one of the major catabolic pathways of the cell. In response to cellular needs or environmental cues, this transport route targets specific structures for degradation into the mammalian lysosomes or the yeast and plant vacuoles. The mechanisms allowing exclusive autophagic elimination of unwanted structures are currently the object of intensive investigations. The emerging picture is that there is a series of autophagy receptors that determines the specificity of the different selective types of autophagy. How cargo binding and recognition is regulated by these receptors, however, is largely unknown. In their study, Motley et al (2012) have shed light into the molecular principles underlying the turnover of excess peroxisomes in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mobility and Interactions of Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 4

Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged mouse hepatitis coronavirus nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4) was shown to localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to be recruited to the coronavirus replicative structures. Fluorescence loss in photobleaching and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments demonstrated that while the membranes of the ER are continuous with those harboring the replicative structures, the mobility of nsp4 at the latter structures is relatively restricted. In agreement with that observation, nsp4 was shown to be engaged in homotypic and heterotypic interactions, the latter with nsp3 and nsp6. In addition, the coexpression of nsp4 with nsp3 affected the subcellular localization of the two proteins

The coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is dynamically associated with the replication-transcription complexes

The coronavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein is a virion structural protein. It also functions, however, in an unknown way in viral replication and localizes to the viral replication-transcription complexes (RTCs). Here we investigated, using recombinant murine coronaviruses expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged versions of the N protein, the dynamics of its interactions with the RTCs and the domain(s) involved. Using fluorescent recovery after photobleaching, we showed that the N protein, unlike the nonstructural protein 2, is dynamically associated with the RTCs. Recruitment of the N protein to the RTCs requires the C-terminal N2b domain, which interacts with other N proteins in an RNA-independent manner

Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate Clearance Plays a Key Role in Autophagosome Completion

SummaryBackgroundThe biogenesis of autophagosomes, the hallmark of autophagy, depends on the function of the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins and the generation of phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) at the phagophore assembly site (PAS), the location where autophagosomes arise. The current model is that PtdIns3P is involved primarily in the recruitment of Atg proteins to the PAS and that once an autophagosome is complete, the Atg machinery is released from its surface back into the cytoplasm and reused for the formation of new vesicles.ResultsWe have identified a PtdIns3P phosphatase, Ymr1, that is essential for the normal progression of both bulk and selective types of autophagy. This protein is recruited to the PAS at an early stage of formation of this structure through a process that requires both its GRAM domain and its catalytic activity. In the absence of Ymr1, Atg proteins fail to dissociate from the limiting membrane of autophagosomes, and these vesicles accumulate in the cytoplasm.ConclusionsOur data thus reveal a key role for PtdIns3P turnover in the regulation of the late steps of autophagosome biogenesis and indicate that the disassembly of the Atg machinery from the surface of autophagosomes is a requisite for their fusion with the vacuole

Membrane rearrangements mediated by coronavirus nonstructural proteins 3 and 4

Coronaviruses replicate their genomes in association with rearranged cellular membranes. The coronavirus nonstructural integral membrane proteins (nsps) 3, 4 and 6, are key players in the formation of the rearranged membranes. Previously, we demonstrated that nsp3 and nsp4 interact and that their co-expression results in the relocalization of these proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into discrete perinuclear foci. We now show that these foci correspond to areas of rearranged ER-derived membranes, which display increased membrane curvature. These structures, which were able to recruit other nsps, were only detected when nsp3 and nsp4 were derived from the same coronavirus species. We propose, based on the analysis of a large number of nsp3 and nsp4 mutants, that interaction between the large luminal loops of these proteins drives the formation of membrane rearrangements, onto which the coronavirus replication–transcription complexes assemble in infected cells

Membrane rearrangements mediated by coronavirus nonstructural proteins 3 and 4

Coronaviruses replicate their genomes in association with rearranged cellular membranes. The coronavirus nonstructural integral membrane proteins (nsps) 3, 4 and 6, are key players in the formation of the rearranged membranes. Previously, we demonstrated that nsp3 and nsp4 interact and that their co-expression results in the relocalization of these proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into discrete perinuclear foci. We now show that these foci correspond to areas of rearranged ER-derived membranes, which display increased membrane curvature. These structures, which were able to recruit other nsps, were only detected when nsp3 and nsp4 were derived from the same coronavirus species. We propose, based on the analysis of a large number of nsp3 and nsp4 mutants, that interaction between the large luminal loops of these proteins drives the formation of membrane rearrangements, onto which the coronavirus replication–transcription complexes assemble in infected cells