918 research outputs found
Cross-understanding will help complex and diverse teams achieve mutually agreeable solutions
Teams whose members have diverse backgrounds can experience differences in task knowledge, sensitivities to various aspects of the task system, as well as beliefs and preferences about how to best approach or solve a problem. How might managers deal with this? Niranjan Janardhanan, Kyle Lewis, Rhonda R. Reger, and Cynthia K. Stevens write that, rather than focusing on common ground, team leaders should emphasise cross-understanding. Understanding the bases of someone’s views will help get to the real reasons behind differences in opinion, and therefore help to achieve mutually agreeable solutions
Gauge Theory for Quantum Spin Glasses
The gauge theory for random spin systems is extended to quantum spin glasses
to derive a number of exact and/or rigorous results. The transverse Ising model
and the quantum gauge glass are shown to be gauge invariant. For these models,
an identity is proved that the expectation value of the gauge invariant
operator in the ferromagnetic limit is equal to the one in the classical
equilibrium state on the Nishimori line. As a result, a set of inequalities for
the correlation function are proved, which restrict the location of the ordered
phase. It is also proved that there is no long-range order in the
two-dimensional quantum gauge glass in the ground state. The phase diagram for
the quantum XY Mattis model is determined.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
Organizational learning and emotion: constructing collective meaning in support of strategic themes
Missing in the organizational learning literature is an integrative framework that reflects the emotional as well as the cognitive dynamics involved. Here, we take a step in this direction by focusing in depth over time (five years) on a selected organization which manufactures electronic equipment for the office industry. Drawing on personal construct theory, we define organizational learning as the collective re-construal of meaning in the direction of strategically significant themes. We suggest that emotions arise as members reflect on progress or lack of progress in achieving organizational learning. Our evidence suggests that invalidation – where organizational learning fails to correspond with expectations – gives rise to anxiety and frustration, while validation – where organizational learning is aligned with or exceeds expectations – evokes comfort or excitement. Our work aims to capture the key emotions involved as organizational learning proceeds
Simulation Studies on the Stability of the Vortex-Glass Order
The stability of the three-dimensional vortex-glass order in random type-II
superconductors with point disorder is investigated by equilibrium Monte Carlo
simulations based on a lattice XY model with a uniform field threading the
system. It is found that the vortex-glass order, which stably exists in the
absence of screening, is destroyed by the screenng effect, corroborating the
previous finding based on the spatially isotropic gauge-glass model. Estimated
critical exponents, however, deviate considerably from the values reported for
the gauge-glass model.Comment: Minor modifications made, a few referenced added; to appear in J.
Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.69 No.1 (2000
Ground-state behavior of the 3d +/-J random-bond Ising model
Large numbers of ground states of the three-dimensional random-bond
Ising model are calculated for sizes up to using a combination of a
genetic algorithm and Cluster-Exact Approximation. Several quantities are
calculated as function of the concentration of the antiferromagnetic bonds.
The critical concentration where the ferromagnetic order disappears is
determined using the Binder cumulant of the magnetization. A value of
is obtained. From the finite-size behavior of the Binder
cumulant and the magnetization critical exponents and
are calculated.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures, revte
500-Fold Amplification of Small Molecule Circularly Polarised Luminescence through Circularly Polarised FRET
Strongly dissymmetric circularly polarised (CP) luminescence from small organic molecules could transform a range of technologies, such as display devices. However, highly dissymmetric emission is usually not possible with small organic molecules, which typically give dissymmetric factors of photoluminescence (gPL) less than 10−2. Here we describe an almost 103-fold chiroptical amplification of a π-extended superhelicene when embedded in an achiral conjugated polymer matrix. This combination increases the |gPL| of the superhelicene from approximately 3×10−4 in solution to 0.15 in a blend film in the solid-state. We propose that the amplification arises not simply through a chiral environment effect, but instead due to electrodynamic coupling between the electric and magnetic transition dipoles of the polymer donor and superhelicene acceptor, and subsequent CP Förster resonance energy transfer. We show that this amplification effect holds across several achiral polymer hosts and thus represents a simple and versatile approach to enhance the g-factors of small organic molecules
Modified Spin Wave Thoery of the Bilayer Square Lattice Frustrated Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
The ground state of the square lattice bilayer quantum antiferromagnet with
nearest and next-nearest neighbour intralayer interaction is studied by means
of the modified spin wave method. For weak interlayer coupling, the ground
state is found to be always magnetically ordered while the quantum disordered
phase appear for large enough interlayer coupling. The properties of the
disordered phase vary according to the strength of the frustration. In the
regime of weak frustration, the disordered ground state is an almost
uncorrelated assembly of interlayer dimers, while in the strongly frustrated
regime the quantum spin liquid phase which has considerable N\'eel type short
range order appears. The behavior of the sublattice magnetization and spin-spin
correlation length in each phase is discussed.Comment: 15 pages, revtex, figures upon reques
Effects of interladder couplings in the trellis lattice
Strongly correlated models on coupled ladders in the presence of frustration,
in particular the trellis lattice, are studied by numerical techniques. For the
undoped case, the possibility of incommensurate peaks in the magnetic structure
factor at low temperatures is suggested. In the doped case, our main conclusion
for the trellis lattice is that by increasing the interladder coupling, the
balance between the magnetic energy in the ladders and the kinetic energy in
the zig-zag chains is altered leading eventually to the destruction of the hole
pairs initially formed and localized in the ladders.Comment: final version, to appear in Physical Review
Flux Pinning and Phase Transitions in Model High-Temperature Superconductors with Columnar Defects
We calculate the degree of flux pinning by defects in model high-temperature
superconductors (HTSC's). The HTSC is modeled as a three-dimensional network of
resistively-shunted Josephson junctions in an external magnetic field,
corresponding to a HTSC in the extreme Type-II limit. Disorder is introduced
either by randomizing the coupling between grains (Model A disorder) or by
removing grains (Model B disorder). Three types of defects are considered:
point disorder, random line disorder, and periodic line disorder; but the
emphasis is on random line disorder. Static and dynamic properties of the
models are determined by Monte Carlo simulations and by solution of the
analogous coupled overdamped Josephson equations in the presence of thermal
noise. Random line defects considerably raise the superconducting transition
temperature T, and increase the apparent critical current density
J, in comparison to the defect-free crystal. They are more effective
in these respects than a comparable volume density of point defects, in
agreement with the experiments of Civale {\it et al}. Periodic line defects
commensurate with the flux lattice are found to raise T even more than
do random line defects. Random line defects are most effective when their
density approximately equals the flux density. Near T, our static and
dynamic results appear consistent with the anisotropic Bose glass scaling
hypotheses of Nelson and Vinokur, but with possibly different critical indices:Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX(REVTeX v3.0, twocolumn), 11 figures (not included
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