15,680 research outputs found
A Plasma Instability Theory of Gamma-Ray Burst Emission
A new theory for gamma-ray burst radiation is presented. In this theory,
magnetic fields and relativistic electrons are created through plasma processes
arising as a relativistic shell passes through the interstellar medium. The
gamma-rays are produced through synchrotron self-Compton emission. It is found
that shocks do not arise in this theory, and that efficient gamma-ray emission
only occurs for a high Lorentz factor and a high-density interstellar medium.
The former explains the absence of gamma-ray bursts with thermal spectra. The
latter provides the Compton attenuation theory with an explanation of why the
interstellar medium density is always high. The theory predicts the existence
of a class of extragalactic optical transient that emit no gamma-rays.Comment: Presented at the 20 Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics,
December 1998, Paris, France. To appear on the proceedings compact dis
Cosmic jets
The evidence that active galactic nuclei produce collimated plasma jets is summarised. The strongest radio galaxies are probably energised by relativistic plasma jets generated by spinning black holes interacting with magnetic fields attached to infalling matter. Such objects can produce e(+)-e(-) plasma, and may be relevant to the acceleration of the highest-energy cosmic ray primaries. Small-scale counterparts of the jet phenomenon within our own galaxy are briefly reviewed
The Edge of a Gamma Ray Burst Afterglow
We discuss the formation of spectral features in the decelerating ejecta of
gamma-ray bursts, including the possible effect of inhomogeneities. These
should lead to blueshifted and broadened absorption edges and resonant
features, especially from H and He. An external neutral ISM could produce
detectable H and He, as well as Fe X-ray absorption edges and lines. Hypernova
scenarios may be diagnosed by Fe K- and H Ly- emission lines.Comment: M.N.R.A.S., accepted July 16 1998; submitted June 4 1998; latex, 11
page
Design and development of a solar array drive
The design and development of a dry lubricated direct drive solar array pointing mechanism is discussed for use on the Orbital Test Satellite (OTS), MAROTS, European Communication Satellite (ECS), and others. Results of life testing the original prototype and the OTS mechanism are presented together with an appraisal of expected future development
Gamma-ray bursts as X-ray depth-gauges of the Universe
We discuss the X-ray flux of gamma-ray burst afterglows at redshifts in the
range 3-30, including the effects of the intergalactic He II absorption. We
point out that strong X-ray lines may form locally in burst afterglows starting
minutes after the trigger. This can provide distinctive X-ray distance
indicators out to the redshifts where the first generation of massive stars
form.Comment: ApJ(Lett) in press 5/31/03; subm. 5/7/0
Delayed Gev Emission from Cosmological Gamma-Ray Bursts : Impact of a Relativistic Wind on External Matter
Sudden collapse of a compact object, or coalescence of a compact binary, can
generate an unsteady relativistic wind that lasts for a few seconds. The wind
is likely to carry a high magnetic field; and its Lorentz factor depends on the
extent to which it is 'loaded' with baryons. If the Lorentz factor is , internal dissipation and shocks in this wind produce a non-thermal
gamma-ray burst, detectable in the range 0.1\MeV \siml E_\gamma \siml
0.1-1\GeV out to cosmological distances. The cooled wind ejecta would
subsequently be decelerated by the external medium. The resultant blast wave
and reverse shock can then give rise to a second burst component, mainly
detectable in the GeV range, with a time delay relative to the MeV burst
ranging from minutes to hours.Comment: 5 pages, plain Te
Gamma-Ray Bursts: Multiwaveband Spectral Predictions for Blast Wave Models
In almost any scenario for 'cosmological' gamma-ray bursts (and in many
models where they originate in our own Galaxy), the initial energy density is
so large that the resulting relativistic plasma expands with
producing a blast wave ahead of it and a reverse shock moving into the ejecta,
as it ploughs into the external medium. We evaluate the radiation expected from
these shocks,for both cosmological and galactic bursts, for various assumptions
about the strength of the magnetic field and the particle acceleration
mechanisms in the shocks. The spectra are evaluated over the whole range from
the IR to GeV, and are compared with the variety of spectral behavior
reported by BATSE, and with the X-ray and optical constraints. For bursts of
duration \simg 1\s acceptable -ray spectra and ratios
are readily obtained for 'cosmological' models. Blast waves in galactic models
can produce bursts of similar gamma-ray fluence and duration, but they violate
the X-ray paucity constraint, except for the shorter bursts (\siml 1\s). We
discuss the prospects for using O/UV and X-ray observations to discriminate
among alternative models.Comment: 7 pages with one figure (figure in uuencoded compressed postscript
file),te
Reprocessing of radiation by multi-phase gas in Low Luminosity Accretion Flows
We discuss the role that magnetic fields in low luminosity accretion flows
can play in creating and maintaining a multi-phase medium, and show that small
magnetically-confined clouds or filaments of dense cold gas can dramatically
reprocess the `primary' radiation from tori. In particular, radio emission
would be suppressed by free-free absorption, and an extra (weak) component
would appear at optical wavelengths. This is expected to be a common process in
various environments in the central regions of Active Galaxies, such as broad
line regions, accretion disk coronae and jets.Comment: submitted to MNRAS; 4 pages, 1 figure (MNRAS LaTex style
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