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Pharmaceuticals and the Elderly: A Comparative Analysis

This paper compares and contrasts outpatient pharmaceutical policies for the elderly in seven OECD nations: Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Each country is facing an increasing financial burden due to rapidly growing numbers of elderly citizens, in number and as a percentage of population, and rising drug costs. As a result, they are struggling to balance varying levels of commitment to providing drugs for the elderly with the need to contain costs. Although each country\u27s healthcare system is unique, the methods that each country is using to control rising pharmaceutical costs are similar. Many countries are gravitating toward the use of last-dollar rather than first-dollar coverage. All provide inpatient pharmaceutical coverage

Reduction of salmonid predators by chemical treatment

The upper drainage of the John Day River system produces summer steelhead and spring chinook salmon. The fish are generally confined to the main stem and its tributaries above Prairie City. The spawning and rearing areas are comparatively free of undesirable fish species, but salmonid smolts migrating downstream must travel through populations of large predatory squawfish. The purpose of the study was to determine if salmonid smolt survival could be increased through removal of the large squawfish by treatment with rotenone. A 40-mile section of the John Day River between Dayville and John Day was selected for study. A pretreatment fish population inventory was conducted to determine the species and numbers of fish present within the test area. Significantly large populations of undesirable fish and correspondingly low numbers of salmonids were observed in the test area. In late August 1962 the 40-mile study area was treated with liquid rotenone. Observations indicated the kill of all fish species was greater than 99 percent in the river and irrigation ditches. None of the tributary streams were treated. It was necessary to use a detoxifying agent to prevent kill of fish populations downstream from the study area. Liquid potassium permanganate was successfully used for this purpose. Posttreatment inventory of fish populations within the study area has shown that average size and number of squawfish was effectively reduced and that salmonid numbers can be increased by temporary control of rough fish populations. There was a significant increase of resident rainbow trout within the study area. Steelhead fingerling and fry reared in the treated area© Most of the salmonid populations resulted from natural recruitment from upstream areas

Volume 08

Introduction from Interim Dean Dr. Jennifer Apperson Indigenous Peoples and the Modern Era by Meghan Enzinna Who Says : How Selena Gomez and the Scene Attempt to Subvert the Popular Standards of Beauty by Casey Dawn Gailey Art by Raven Collins Meltdown on Social Media: Amy\u27s Baking Company Meets Kitchen Nightmares by Nathena Haddrill Art by Chiara Enriquez Design by Amelia Mcconnell Worth More Than a Thousand Words: A Visual Rhetorical Discussion of Virtual Reality by Examining Clouds Over Sidra by Alexander Morton Design by Emma Beckett The Sonata: An Analysis of Piano Sonata No. 14 in C Minor, K. 457 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart by Leah G. Parr Art by Briana Adhikusuma Skewed Perceptions of Masculinity in Chris Lynch\u27s Inexcusable by Taylor Embrey Photography by Rowan Davis Joy Like Short Grass : Death in James Dickey\u27s the Eagle\u27s Mile by Danielle Sisson Poster by Bianca Cherry Design by Melissa Cacho A Writer\u27s Evolution: Connecting Academic and Workplace Writing Within the Field of Nursing by Chloé Woodward Background and Research Designs on Service Dogs for Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder by Catherine Rollins Photography by Carson Reeher Design by Landon Cooper Wallace Stevens: Meaning in Nature and Its Elements by Haley Vasquez Photography by Marlisha Stewart Building an Arcade Machine to Do Interdisciplinary Research into What Makes People Like Video Games by Eric Whitehead Poster by Sabrina Walker Design by James Bate

State of the field: What can political ethnography tell us about anti-politics and democratic disaffection?

This article adopts and reinvents the ethnographic approach to uncover what governing elites do, and how they respond to public disaffection. Although there is significant work on the citizens’ attitudes to the governing elite (the demand side) there is little work on how elites interpret and respond to public disaffection (the supply side). We argue that ethnography is the best available research method for collecting data on the supply side. In doing so, we tackle long-standing stereotypes in political science about the ethnographic method and what it is good for. We highlight how the innovative and varied practices of contemporary ethnography are ideally suited to shedding light into the ‘black box’ of elite politics. We demonstrate the potential pay-off with reference to important examples of elite ethnography from the margins of political science scholarship. The implications from these rich studies, we argue, suggest a reorientation of how we understand the drivers of public disaffection and the role that political elites play in exacerbating cynicism and disappointment. We conclude by pointing to the benefits to the discipline in embracing elite ethnography both to diversify the methodological toolkit in explaining the complex dynamics of disaffection,and to better enable engagement in renewed public debate about the political establishment

Multiscale Integration of Empirical Geologic Observations with Quantitative Structural Modeling to Constrain Late Cretaceous to Eocene Paleostress Environments on the Colorado Plateau

Relating crustal deformation to stress conditions has long been a subject of interest to the geologic community as rock failure has important implications for storage and extraction of petroleum and mineral deposits, as well as sequestration efforts. The ability to relate patterns of rock deformation to stress conditions also permits geologists to better understand structural evolution. This dissertation focuses on interpreting and modeling crustal stress conditions from outcrop to regional scale associated with late Cretaceous to early Eocene deformation across the Colorado Plateau.The first part of this dissertation focuses on salt-related stress perturbations adjacent to the Salt Valley salt wall in the Paradox Basin of southern Utah. Under Late Cretaceous-early Eocene tectonic loading, the salt wall underwent active diapirism via ductile flow because of its inability to sustain differential stress due to inherent mechanical weakness. This phenomenon generated local stress perturbations from regional tectonic conditions in the rock mass adjacent to the deforming salt wall. The first two studies presented in this dissertation improve our ability to interpret and predict stress conditions and the associated rock failure in the perturbed stress environment around salt bodies under tectonic loading. This includes evidence and implications for use of a non-linear failure criterion to describe brittle rock failure, as opposed to the commonly used linear Coulomb failure criterion. The second part of this dissertation focuses on regional tectonic stress and associated Laramide deformation across the Colorado Plateau. Laramide deformation is evidenced by basement-cored uplifts bound by doubly plunging monoclinal folds. Blind basement fault geometries are estimated with trishear fault-propagation models and generalized area-depth calculations. The blind basement fault model is used as inputs into a geomechanical model to evaluate regional Laramide stress conditions responsible for observed deformation patterns across the Colorado Plateau. Throughout each section of this dissertation, I employ well known structural geologic techniques, such as fracture analysis and geomechanical modeling, in new and integrative ways to provide a unique perspective and approach to problems in structural geology research