582 research outputs found
Hilbert's projective metric in quantum information theory
We introduce and apply Hilbert's projective metric in the context of quantum
information theory. The metric is induced by convex cones such as the sets of
positive, separable or PPT operators. It provides bounds on measures for
statistical distinguishability of quantum states and on the decrease of
entanglement under LOCC protocols or other cone-preserving operations. The
results are formulated in terms of general cones and base norms and lead to
contractivity bounds for quantum channels, for instance improving Ruskai's
trace-norm contraction inequality. A new duality between distinguishability
measures and base norms is provided. For two given pairs of quantum states we
show that the contraction of Hilbert's projective metric is necessary and
sufficient for the existence of a probabilistic quantum operation that maps one
pair onto the other. Inequalities between Hilbert's projective metric and the
Chernoff bound, the fidelity and various norms are proven.Comment: 32 pages including 3 appendices and 3 figures; v2: minor changes,
published versio
Large whale disentanglement technology workshop
Sponsors: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Center for Coastal Studies, New England Aquarium. Location: Carriage House, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Woods Hole, MA 02543. Date: Friday December 14th 2001This workshop set out to conceive and plan the necessary technology to improve
disentanglement of large whales at sea. The overwhelming message from the
presentations and discussions included in this report is of the enormity of the problem and
risk facing management of severe entanglements. The need for entanglement avoidance
screams out from these pages.Northeast Consortiu
Monsters, black holes and the statistical mechanics of gravity
We review the construction of monsters in classical general relativity.
Monsters have finite ADM mass and surface area, but potentially unbounded
entropy. From the curved space perspective they are objects with large proper
volume that can be glued on to an asymptotically flat space. At no point is the
curvature or energy density required to be large in Planck units, and quantum
gravitational effects are, in the conventional effective field theory
framework, small everywhere. Since they can have more entropy than a black hole
of equal mass, monsters are problematic for certain interpretations of black
hole entropy and the AdS/CFT duality.
In the second part of the paper we review recent developments in the
foundations of statistical mechanics which make use of properties of
high-dimensional (Hilbert) spaces. These results primarily depend on kinematics
-- essentially, the geometry of Hilbert space -- and are relatively insensitive
to dynamics. We discuss how this approach might be adopted as a basis for the
statistical mechanics of gravity. Interestingly, monsters and other highly
entropic configurations play an important role.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, revtex; invited Brief Review to be published in
Modern Physics Letters
Unitarity and the Hilbert space of quantum gravity
Under the premises that physics is unitary and black hole evaporation is
complete (no remnants, no topology change), there must exist a one-to-one
correspondence between states on future null and timelike infinity and on any
earlier spacelike Cauchy surface (e.g., slices preceding the formation of the
hole). We show that these requirements exclude a large set of semiclassical
spacetime configurations from the Hilbert space of quantum gravity. In
particular, the highest entropy configurations, which account for almost all of
the volume of semiclassical phase space, would not have quantum counterparts,
i.e. would not correspond to allowed states in a quantum theory of gravity.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, revtex; minor changes in v2 (version published in
Class. Quant. Grav.
Stocker Steer Gains and Fly Numbers as Impacted by Burn Date and Type of Mineral on Tallgrass Native Range
This study aims to evaluate effectiveness of two operational management systems for steer gains and fly control. The first strategy evaluated was pasture burn date of March (MAR) or April (APR). The second management strategy was free-choice mineral with spices (SPICE) or without spices (CON). Eight pastures (n = 281 steers; initial weight 612 ± 57 lb) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial treatment structure. Steers were weighed individually, randomly assigned to treatment, and grazed for 85 days. Weekly, 33% of steers were photographed to count flies and evaluated for hair coat score. Cattle on the APR-SPICE treatment had a greater average daily gain (ADG) than MAR-SPICE and APR-CON with MAR-CON intermediate. Cattle on SPICE were 10 lb heavier than cattle consuming CON mineral. In general, APR-SPICE steers had a greater number of flies on weeks 8, 10, and 11, corresponding to a time when mineral intake averaged 72% of the formulated intake. Additionally, steers on SPICE had a greater number of flies than CON steers. In year 2 of 4 for this study, there was minimal difference in gain based on burn date, primarily because burn dates were only 12 days apart. The use of spices increased weight in cattle but resulted in more flies than control steers. The addiÂtion of these spices added $0.02/hd/day to cost of production and the improved gains resulted in a positive return on investment
Dark radiation as a signature of dark energy
We propose a simple dark energy model with the following properties: the
model predicts a late-time dark radiation component that is not ruled out by
current observational data, but which produces a distinctive time-dependent
equation of state w(z) for z < 3. The dark energy field can be coupled strongly
enough to Standard Model particles to be detected in colliders, and the model
requires only modest additional particle content and little or no fine-tuning
other than a new energy scale of order milli-electron volts.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, revtex; v2: footnote 3 added, minor changes,
published versio
The existence of a two-solar mass neutron star constrains the gravitational constant G_N at strong field
In General Relativity there is a maximum mass allowed for neutron stars that,
if exceeded, entails their collapse into a black hole. Its precise value
depends on details of the nuclear matter equation of state about which we are
much more certain thanks to recent progress in low-energy effective theories.
The discovery of a two-solar mass neutron star, near that maximum mass, when
analyzed with modern equations of state, implies that Newton's gravitational
constant in the star cannot exceed its value on Earth by more than 8% at 95%
confidence level. This is a remarkable leap of ten orders of magnitude in the
gravitational field intensity at which the constant has been constrained.Comment: 5 pages including 8 figure
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