14,210 research outputs found
Time Delay Induced Death in Coupled Limit Cycle Oscillators
We investigate the dynamical behaviour of two limit cycle oscillators that
interact with each other via time delayed coupling and find that time delay can
lead to amplitude death of the oscillators even if they have the same
frequency. We demonstrate that this novel regime of amplitude "death" also
exists for large collections of coupled identical oscillators and provide
quantitative measures of this death region in the parameter space of coupling
strength and time delay. Its implication for certain biological and physical
applications is also pointed out.Comment: 4 aps formatted revtex pages; 3 figures; to be published in Phys.
Rev. Let
Composition of Jupiter irregular satellites sheds light on their origin
Irregular satellites of Jupiter with their highly eccentric, inclined and
distant orbits suggest that their capture took place just before the giant
planet migration. We aim to improve our understanding of the surface
composition of irregular satellites of Jupiter to gain insight into a narrow
time window when our Solar System was forming. We observed three Jovian
irregular satellites, Himalia, Elara, and Carme, using a medium-resolution
0.8-5.5 micro m spectrograph on the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). Using a linear
spectral unmixing model we have constrained the major mineral phases on the
surface of these three bodies. Our results confirm that the surface of Himalia,
Elara, and Carme are dominated by opaque materials such as those seen in
carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Our spectral modeling of NIR spectra of
Himalia and Elara confirm that their surface composition is the same and
magnetite is the dominant mineral. A comparison of the spectral shape of
Himalia with the two large main C-type asteroids, Themis (D 176 km) and Europa
(D 352 km), suggests surface composition similar to Europa. The NIR spectrum of
Carme exhibits blue slope up to 1.5 microm and is spectrally distinct from
those of Himalia and Elara. Our model suggests that it is compositionally
similar to amorphous carbon. Himalia and Elara are compositionally similar but
differ significantly from Carme. These results support the hypotheses that the
Jupiter irregular satellites are captured bodies that were subject to further
breakup events and clustered as families based on their similar physical and
surface compositions
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photophysical Properties of Lanthanide Coordination Polymers of 4- 4-(9H-Carbazol-9-Yl)Butoxy Benzoate: The Effect of Bidentate Nitrogen Donors on Luminescence
A new aromatic carboxylate ligand, 4-[4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)butoxy]benzoic acid (HL), has been synthesized by the replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid with a 9-butyl-9H-carbazole moiety. The anion derived from HL has been used for the support of a series of lanthanide coordination compounds [Ln = Eu (1), Gd (2) and Tb (3)]. The new lanthanide complexes have been characterized by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. Complex 3 was structurally authenticated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and found to exist as a solvent-free 1D coordination polymer with the formula [Tb(L)(3)](n). The structural data reveal that the terbium atoms in compound 3 reside in an octahedral ligand environment that is somewhat unusual for a lanthanide. It is interesting to note that each carboxylate group exhibits only a bridging-bidentate mode, with a complete lack of more complex connectivities that are commonly observed for extended lanthanide-containing solid-state structures. Examination of the packing diagram for 3 revealed the existence of two-dimensional molecular arrays held together by means of CH-pi interactions. Aromatic carboxylates of the lanthanides are known to exhibit highly efficient luminescence, thus offering the promise of applicability as optical devices. However, due to difficulties that arise on account of their polymeric nature, their practical application is somewhat limited. Accordingly, synthetic routes to discrete molecular species are highly desirable. For this purpose, a series of ternary lanthanide complexes was designed, synthesized and characterized, namely [Eu(L)(3)(phen)] (4), [Eu(L)(3)(tmphen)] (5), [Tb(L)(3)(phen)] (6) and [Tb(L)(3)(tmphen)] (7) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and tmphen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline). The photophysical properties of the foregoing complexes in the solid state at room temperature have been investigated. The quantum yields of the ternary complexes 4 (9.65%), 5 (21.00%), 6 (14.07%) and 7 (32.42%), were found to be significantly enhanced in the presence of bidentate nitrogen donors when compared with those of the corresponding binary compounds 1 (0.11%) and 3 (1.45%). Presumably this is due to effective energy transfer from the ancillary ligands.Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-TAPSUN Project) SSL, NWP-55CSIR, New DelhiRobert A. Welch Foundation F-0003Chemistr
EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN INDIAN BANKING
This paper attempts to examine technical efficiency and productivity performance of Indian scheduled commercial banks, for the period 1979-2008. We model a multiple output/multiple input technology production frontier using semiparametric estimation methods. The endogenity of multiple outputs is addressed by semi parametric estimates in part by introducing multivariate kernel estimators for the joint distribution of the multiple outputs and correlated random effects. Output is measured as the rupee value of total loans and total investments at the end of the year. The estimates provide robust inferences of the productivity and efficiency gains due to economic reforms.Banking, Frontier efficiency, Productivity
Transport and magnetic anomalies due to A-site ionic size mismatch in LaCaBa_{x}MnO
We present results of electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance and ac and dc
magnetic susceptibility on polycrystalline samples of the type
La(0.5)Ca(0.5-x)Ba(x)MnO(3) synthesized under identical heat treatment
conditions. The substitution of larger Ba ions for Ca results in a non-
monotonic variation of the curie temperature as the system evolves from a
charge ordered insulating state for x=0 to a ferromagnetic metallic state for
x=0.5. An intermediate compositino, x=0.1, interestingly exhibits
ferromagnetic. insulating behaviour with thermal hysteresis in ac chi around
the curie tem- perature (120K). The x=0.2 and 0.3 compounds exhibit
semiconducting like behavior as the temperature is lowered below 300K, with a
broad peak in rho around 80-100K: These compositions exhibit a weak increase in
rho as the temperature lowered below 30K, indicative of electron localization
effects. These compositions also undergo ferromagnetic transitions below about
200 and 235K respectively, though these are non-hysteretic; above all, for
these compositions, MR is large and conveniently measurable over the entire
tempera- ture range of measurement below Tc. This experimental finding may be
of interest from the application point of view. We infer that the A-site
ionic-size mismatch plays a crucial role in the deciding these properties.Comment: 5 pages, 6 Figures, Resubmitted with extended abstract on 26 Nov,
199
A Review on Non-Linear Programming and Generalized Invexity
Over past few years the concept of NLPP and their related results based on generalized invexity has become one of the prominent and important areas of classical optimization This paper presents a brief review on such problems and their respective results in game theory continuous time programming multivariable optimization composite programming et
Towards Benchmarking Scene Background Initialization
Given a set of images of a scene taken at different times, the availability
of an initial background model that describes the scene without foreground
objects is the prerequisite for a wide range of applications, ranging from
video surveillance to computational photography. Even though several methods
have been proposed for scene background initialization, the lack of a common
groundtruthed dataset and of a common set of metrics makes it difficult to
compare their performance. To move first steps towards an easy and fair
comparison of these methods, we assembled a dataset of sequences frequently
adopted for background initialization, selected or created ground truths for
quantitative evaluation through a selected suite of metrics, and compared
results obtained by some existing methods, making all the material publicly
available.Comment: 6 pages, SBI dataset, SBMI2015 Worksho
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