Resistance to Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Tea Mosquito Bug, Helopeltis antonii (Sign.) in Certain Wild Psidium Species

Five wild species of Psidium viz., Psidium cattleianum lucidum, P. chinensis, P. friedrichsthalianum, P. molle and P. quadrangularis were evaluated for resistance to fruit fly [Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)] and tea mosquito bug (TMB) [Helopeltis antonii (Sign.)], during 2002-04. Significant variations were recorded among species in their reaction to pests. Two species viz., P. chinensis and P. quadrangularis were resistant to fruit fly (<10% fruit damage) while P. quadrangularis was immune. Psidium. molle and P. cattleianum were resistant to tea mosquito bug. Pest incidence was correlated with fruit biochemical components viz., total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars, vitamin C and acidity. The TSS and total sugars were positively correlated with fruit fly infestation while acidity was negatively correlated. The TMB incidence did not exhibit significant correlation with any of these parameters

Some folk medicinal plants of Bhiravakona hills of Prakasam district, A. P., India

Mankind has blessed with variety of natural products which help us in day to day life. These extraordinary substances help us to treat different ailments of human beings and other pet animals. In the recent years ethnopharmaocology played a vital role in the undeveloped and developing countries of the Globe. The present communication deals with the plants used to treat different ailments of local people of Bhiravakona hills of Andhra Pradesh, India. 153 plant species have been identified for 19 different  ailments. plants used for each ailment are  Abortion (7), Acidity (9),Asthama (8), Cold (7), Cough (8), Diabetes (15), Diarrhoea (17), Dysentery (31), Fever(29),Fractures (9), Head ache (8), Jaundice (15), Kidney Stones (3), Malaria fever (3), Piles (11), Sexual disease (1), Skin disease (22), Stomachache (14) and Ulcers. Depending upon the plant part used, root constitutes the highest percentage (30.72%) of utilization and wood, latex; inflorescence and corm the lowest (0.65%).There is an urgent need for follow-up ethnopharmacological screening based on local people claims and beliefs and formulate and standardize some herbal medicines based on ethnotherapeutics either with single plant or in combination for their safe and sustained use for human welfare

Integrin cell adhesion molecules in endometrium of fertile and infertile women throughout menstrual cycle

323-331Integrins (ITGs) are ubiquitous cell adhesion molecules that undergo dynamic alterations during the normal menstrual cycle in human endometrium. The di stribution of four different subunits, viz. α4, α6, β3 and β4 in human endometrial tissue at different stages of the menstrual cycle was studied using immunohistochemical, enzyme immunoassay and SDS-PAGE/ Western blot techniques. The specificity of each mAb to their respective ligands viz. , laminin (Ln), fibronectin (Fn) and vitronectin (Vn) was done by cell adhesion assays. Both α6 and β4 subunits (Ln receptors) expressed primarily on the glandular epithelium, while glandular, stromal and luminal cells expressed predominantly α4 (Fn receptor) and β3 (Vn receptor). The appearance of α4 and β3 ITG subunits was found to be cell and cycle specific. The levels of both α6 and β4 increased throughout the menstrual cycle, while β3 subunit appeared abruptly on cycle day 19/20. The immunostaining for α4 and β3 was absent in 90% of infertile women. The timing of expression of α4 and β3, the two cycle - dependent ITGs framed the putative window of implantation and suggests a role in the diagnosis of infertility. In conclusion, the absence of α4 and β3 ITG expression in the endometrium of infertility subjects during mid luteal phase may be associated with defects in uterine function. The defective uterine receptivity may be an unrecognised cause of infertility in these group of women

<span style="font-size:22.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:15.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">Neofolitispates, pentacydic <span style="font-size:21.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:14.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">guanidine akaloids <span style="font-size:20.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">from<span style="font-size:21.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"> the sponge <i>Neofolitispa dianchora</i></span></span></span></span>

254-256<span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:7.5pt;font-family:HiddenHorzOCR; mso-bidi-font-family:HiddenHorzOCR">Neofolitispate 1-3 (2-4), the pentacyclic guanidine alk<span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:7.5pt;font-family:HiddenHorzOCR; mso-bidi-font-family:HiddenHorzOCR">aloids <span style="font-size:16.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:9.5pt">have been isolated from the sponge Neofolitispa dianchora and characterized <span style="font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:Arial">by <span style="font-size:16.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 9.5pt">spectral studies. These compounds show antiviral activity against Hepatitis-B Virus. </span

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Not AvailableAn outbreak of a looper, identified as Perixera illepidaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) was observed on litchi trees in Bihar state of India during Sep to Nov both in 2011 and 2012. Loopers fed voraciously on young leaves leaving behind only the midribs. During Oct 2011, trees having highly damaged canopies (> 50% top foliage damage) ranged between 0.7 to 29.4%, while partially damaged (< 50% foliage damage) tree were 1.4 to 20.8% at the Experimental Farm of National Research Centre for Litchi, Bihar, India. During Oct 2012, the incidence of looper infested trees in farmers’ field varied from 34.1 to 84.5%., and up to 39.4% trees were in the 81-100% damaged foliage category. The mean number of larvae per 10 leaflets varied from 0.6 to 14.7. The developmental period from larvae to adult ranged from 15 to 19 days. The geographical range of this species had been N.E. Himalaya, Hong Kong, Sundaland, Philippines, Sulawesi and Guam. This is the first report on the occurrence of P. illepidaria on litchi in India.Not Availabl