30 research outputs found

    FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND RELEASE STUDIES OF ZIDOVUDINE SUPPOSITORIES

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    The present manuscript deals with the study to formulate and evaluate suppository for the successful delivery of Zidovudine through rectal administration. Zidovudine has tendency to cause gastric ulcer making it necessary to explore safer routes of its administration. Melt Fusion method was used for the preparation of suppositories using glycerogelatin and Emulsified glycerogelatin as suppository base. The prepared suppositories were evaluated for their visual characteristics, physicochemical properties like dimensions, weight variation, melting time, disintegration time, drug content and in-vitro drug  release characteristics. The release was found to be greater in emulsified suppositories with satisfactory disintegration time.Keywords: suppository, Fusion method, Zidovudin

    The role of the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, in protecting against age-related macular degeneration: A review based on controversial evidence

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    PURPOSE: A review of the role of the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, and their function in altering the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Medline and Embase search. RESULTS: Recent evidence introduces the possibility that lutein and zeaxanthin, carotenoids found in a variety of fruits and vegetables may protect against the common eye disease of macular degeneration. This potential and the lack to slow the progression of macular degeneration, has fueled high public interest in the health benefits of these carotenoids and prompted their inclusion in various supplements. The body of evidence supporting a role in this disease ranges from basic studies in experimental animals to various other clinical and epidemiological studies. Whilst some epidemiological studies suggest a beneficial role for carotenoids in the prevention of AMD, others are found to be unrelated to it. Results of some clinical studies indicate that the risk for AMD is reduced when levels of the carotenoids are elevated in the serum or diet, but this correlation is not observed in other studies. Published data concerning the toxicity of the carotenoids or the optimum dosage of these supplements is lacking. CONCLUSION: An intake of dietary supplied nutrients rich in the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, appears to be beneficial in protecting retinal tissues, but this is not proven. Until scientifically sound knowledge is available we recommend for patients judged to be at risk for AMD to: alter their diet to more dark green leafy vegetables, wear UV protective lenses and a hat when outdoors. Future investigations on the role of nutrition, light exposure, genetics, and combinations of photodynamic therapy with intravitreal steroid (triamcinolone-acetonide) injections hold potential for future treatment possibilities

    Optical Absorption and EPR Studies on Enargite

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    The behaviour of transition metal ions in enargite has been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance and absorption spectroscopy in the UV–VIS and near-IR regions. The ground state of Cu(II) ions in enargite is confirmed as 2B1g since g11>gβŠ₯ (2.54>2.11). Three characteristic bands observed in the optical absorption spectra at 8275, 13105 and 18420 cmβˆ’1 are assigned to the transitions, 2B1gβ†’2A1g, 2B1gβ†’2B2 and 2B1gβ†’2Eg, respectively, of Cu(II) ion in the tetragonal field. The presence of Fe(II) bands is an evidence for iron impurities in the mineral
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